--- title: Isaiah 13:4 — Hark, a tumult in the mountains, like as of a great people! Hark, th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Hark, a tumult in the mountains, like as of a great people! Hark, the uproar of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together! The LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle. Who acts: LORD. Isaiah 13:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every cla --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/13/) / 13:4 # Isaiah 13:4 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD · **What happens:** gather, muster · **To what, where:** uproar, host This is Isaiah 13:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD — and what happens in the verse to uproar, host, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. ק֥וֹל הָמ֛וֹן בֶּֽהָרִ֖ים דְּמ֣וּת עַם־רָ֑ב ק֠וֹל שְׁא֞וֹן מַמְלְכ֤וֹת גּוֹיִם֙ נֶֽאֱסָפִ֔ים יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת מְפַקֵּ֖ד צְבָ֥א מִלְחָמָֽה׃ [Hark, a tumult in the mountains, like as of a great people!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.278/) [Hark, the uproar of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.279/) [The LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.280/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:255 # text = ק֥וֹל הָמ֛וֹן בֶּֽהָרִ֖ים דְּמ֣וּת עַם־רָ֑ב ק֠וֹל שְׁא֞וֹן מַמְלְכ֤וֹת גּוֹיִם֙ נֶֽאֱסָפִ֔ים יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת מְפַקֵּ֖ד צְבָ֥א מִלְחָמָֽה׃ # verse = ISA.13.4 1 ק֥וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].sound|Ref=ISA_13:4!1|MId=o230130040011|Strong=6963 2 הָמ֛וֹן הָמוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.tumult|Ref=ISA_13:4!2|MId=o230130040021|Strong=1995 3-5 בֶּֽהָרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בֶּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=[is].on|Ref=ISA_13:4!3|MId=o230130040031|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_13:4!3|MId=o230130040031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 הָרִ֖ים הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 nmod _ Gloss=mountains|Ref=ISA_13:4!3|MId=o230130040032|Strong=2022 6 דְּמ֣וּת דְּמוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[the].likeness|Ref=ISA_13:4!4|MId=o230130040041|Strong=1823 7 עַם־ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.people|Ref=ISA_13:4!5|MId=o230130040051|Strong=5971|SpaceAfter=No 8 רָ֑ב רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 amod _ Gloss=numerous|Ref=ISA_13:4!6|MId=o230130040061|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 9 ק֠וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 parataxis _ Gloss=[the].sound|Ref=ISA_13:4!7|MId=o230130040071|Strong=6963 10 שְׁא֞וֹן שָׁאוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.an.uproar|Ref=ISA_13:4!8|MId=o230130040081|Strong=7588 11 מַמְלְכ֤וֹת מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.kingdoms|Ref=ISA_13:4!9|MId=o230130040091|Strong=4467 12 גּוֹיִם֙ גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.nations|Ref=ISA_13:4!10|MId=o230130040101|Strong=1471 13 נֶֽאֱסָפִ֔ים אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 12 nmod _ Gloss=[which.are].gathering|Ref=ISA_13:4!11|MId=o230130040111|Strong=0622|Frame=A1:230130040101;|Type=participle_active 14 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_13:4!12|MId=o230130040121|Strong=3068 15 צְבָא֔וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ISA_13:4!13|MId=o230130040131|Strong=6635 16 מְפַקֵּ֖ד פָּקַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing 6 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].mustering|Ref=ISA_13:4!14|MId=o230130040141|Strong=6485|Frame=A0:230130040121;A1:230130040151;|Type=participle_active 17 צְבָ֥א צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=an.army|Ref=ISA_13:4!15|MId=o230130040151|Strong=6635 18 מִלְחָמָֽה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.battle|Ref=ISA_13:4!16|MId=o230130040161|Strong=4421|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=ISA_13:4!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נֶֽאֱסָפִים *\[which are\] gathering* | participle active · niphal | | גּוֹיִם *of nations* | | | | מְפַקֵּד *\[is\] mustering* | participle active · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | צְבָא *an army* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} קַל הֲמוֹן בְּטוּרַיָא דְמוּת עַם סַגִי קַל אִתְרְגוּשַׁת מַלְכְּוָן עַמְמַיָא דְמִתְכַּנְשִׁין יְיָ צְבָאוֹת מְמַנֵי מַשִׁרְיָן בִּקְרָבָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Hark, a tumult in the mountains, like as of a great people!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.278/) 2. [Hark, the uproar of the kingdoms of the nations gathered together!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.279/) 3. [The LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.280/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:255`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 13:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.3/) - next →: [Isaiah 13:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.5/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/13/)