--- title: Isaiah 13:8 — And they shall be affrighted; pangs and throes shall take hold of th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they shall be affrighted; pangs and throes shall take hold of them; they shall be in pain as a woman in travail; they shall look aghast one at another; their faces shall be faces of flame. Who acts: pangs, faces. Isaiah 13:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/13/) / 13:8 # Isaiah 13:8 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** pangs, faces · **What happens:** affright, take, be, look · **To what, where:** hosts, hold, pain, one, faces This is Isaiah 13:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — pangs, faces — and what happens in the verse to hosts, hold, pain, one, faces, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְֽנִבְהָ֓לוּ ׀ צִירִ֤ים וַֽחֲבָלִים֙ יֹֽאחֵז֔וּן כַּיּוֹלֵדָ֖ה יְחִיל֑וּן אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יִתְמָ֔הוּ פְּנֵ֥י לְהָבִ֖ים פְּנֵיהֶֽם׃ [And they shall be affrighted; pangs and throes shall take hold of them; they shall be in pain as a woman in travail; they shall look aghast one at another; their faces shall be faces of flame.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.284/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:259 # text = וְֽנִבְהָ֓לוּ ׀ צִירִ֤ים וַֽחֲבָלִים֙ יֹֽאחֵז֔וּן כַּיּוֹלֵדָ֖ה יְחִיל֑וּן אִ֤ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ יִתְמָ֔הוּ פְּנֵ֥י לְהָבִ֖ים פְּנֵיהֶֽם׃ # verse = ISA.13.8 1-2 וְֽנִבְהָ֓לוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_13:8!1|MId=o230130080011|Strong=2050b 2 נִבְהָ֓לוּ בָּהַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.be.terrified|Ref=ISA_13:8!1|MId=o230130080012|Strong=0926|Frame=A0:230130010021;|Type=weqatal 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=ISA_13:8!1 4 צִירִ֤ים צִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=pangs|Ref=ISA_13:8!2|MId=o230130080021|Strong=6735b 5-6 וַֽחֲבָלִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_13:8!3|MId=o230130080031|Strong=2050b 6 חֲבָלִים֙ חֵבֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=labor-pains|Ref=ISA_13:8!3|MId=o230130080032|Strong=2256c 7-8 יֹֽאחֵז֔וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 יֹֽאחֵז֔וּ אָחַז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they|Ref=ISA_13:8!4|MId=o230130080041|Strong=0270|Frame=A0:230130080021;230130080032;A1:230130010021;|Type=yiqtol 8 ן נ X _ _ 7 nmod _ Gloss=will.seize.[them]|Ref=ISA_13:8!4|MId=o230130080042|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 9-11 כַּיּוֹלֵדָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=like.(the)|Ref=ISA_13:8!5|MId=o230130080051|Strong=3509a 10 ה הַ SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=[woman|Ref=ISA_13:8!5|MId=o230130080051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 יּוֹלֵדָ֖ה יָלַד VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 12 advcl _ Gloss=who].gives.birth|Ref=ISA_13:8!5|MId=o230130080052|Strong=3205|Type=participle_active 12-13 יְחִיל֑וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 יְחִיל֑וּ חיל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they|Ref=ISA_13:8!6|MId=o230130080061|Strong=2342a|Frame=A0:230130010021;|Type=yiqtol 13 ן נ X _ _ 12 nmod _ Gloss=will.be.in.anguish|Ref=ISA_13:8!6|MId=o230130080062|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 14 אִ֤ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=each|Ref=ISA_13:8!7|MId=o230130080071|Strong=0376 15 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_13:8!8|MId=o230130080081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 רֵע רֵעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nmod _ Gloss=neighbor|Ref=ISA_13:8!9|MId=o230130080091|Strong=7453 17 ֵ֙הוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_13:8!9|MId=o230130080092|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 18 יִתְמָ֔הוּ תָּמַהּ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.look.in.astonishment|Ref=ISA_13:8!10|MId=o230130080101|Strong=8539|Frame=A0:230130010021;|Type=yiqtol 19 פְּנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[will.be].faces|Ref=ISA_13:8!11|MId=o230130080111|Strong=6440 20 לְהָבִ֖ים לַהַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.flames|Ref=ISA_13:8!12|MId=o230130080121|Strong=3851 21-22 פְּנֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 פְּנֵי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 nsubj _ Gloss=faces|Ref=ISA_13:8!13|MId=o230130080131|Strong=6440 22 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=ISA_13:8!13|MId=o230130080132|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=ISA_13:8!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִבְהָלוּ *they will be terrified* | weqatal · niphal | | | | | | יֹֽאחֵזוּ *they* | yiqtol · qal | צִירִים *pangs* + חֲבָלִים *labor-pains* | | | | | יְחִילוּ *they* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִתְמָהוּ *they will look in astonishment* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְיִתְבַּהֲלוּן עָקָא וְחֶבְלִין יֶחְדוּנוּנוּן זִיעַ כְּלֵידָתָא יְזוּעוּן גְבַר לְחַבְרֵיהּ יִתְמְהוּן אַפֵּי שַׁלְהוֹבִין אַפֵּיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they shall be affrighted; pangs and throes shall take hold of them; they shall be in pain as a woman in travail; they shall look aghast one at another; their faces shall be faces of flame.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.284/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:259`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 13:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.7/) - next →: [Isaiah 13:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.13.9/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/13/)