--- title: Isaiah 14:16 — They that saw thee do narrowly look upon thee, they gaze earnestly a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: They that saw thee do narrowly look upon thee, they gaze earnestly at thee: 'Is this the man that made the earth to tremble, that did shake kingdoms; Who acts: thee, parts, this, man. Isaiah 14:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/14/) / 14:16 # Isaiah 14:16 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** thee, parts, this, man, earth, that · **What happens:** see, look, gaze, be, make, tremble · **To what, where:** man, earth, kingdoms · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 14:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thee, parts, this, man, earth, that — and what happens in the verse to man, earth, kingdoms, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. רֹאֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵלֶ֣יךָ יַשְׁגִּ֔יחוּ אֵלֶ֖יךָ יִתְבּוֹנָ֑נוּ הֲזֶ֤ה הָאִישׁ֙ מַרְגִּ֣יז הָאָ֔רֶץ מַרְעִ֖ישׁ מַמְלָכֽוֹת׃ [They that saw thee do narrowly look upon thee, they gaze earnestly at thee: 'Is this the man that made the earth to tremble, that did shake kingdoms;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.316/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:289 # text = רֹאֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵלֶ֣יךָ יַשְׁגִּ֔יחוּ אֵלֶ֖יךָ יִתְבּוֹנָ֑נוּ הֲזֶ֤ה הָאִישׁ֙ מַרְגִּ֣יז הָאָ֔רֶץ מַרְעִ֖ישׁ מַמְלָכֽוֹת׃ # verse = ISA.14.16 1-2 רֹאֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 רֹאֶ֙י רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=[those|Ref=ISA_14:16!1|MId=o230140160011|Strong=7200|Frame=A1:230140160012;|Type=participle_active 2 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 1 nmod:poss _ Gloss=who].see.you|Ref=ISA_14:16!1|MId=o230140160012|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 3-4 אֵלֶ֣יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵלֶ֣י אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_14:16!2|MId=o230140160021|Strong=0413 4 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_14:16!2|MId=o230140160022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5 יַשְׁגִּ֔יחוּ שָׁגַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.stare|Ref=ISA_14:16!3|MId=o230140160031|Strong=7688|Frame=A0:230140160011;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 אֵלֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אֵלֶ֖י אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_14:16!4|MId=o230140160041|Strong=0413 7 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_14:16!4|MId=o230140160042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8 יִתְבּוֹנָ֑נוּ בִּין VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPOLEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=they.will.consider.carefully|Ref=ISA_14:16!5|MId=o230140160051|Strong=0995|Frame=A0:230140160011;|Type=yiqtol 9-10 הֲזֶ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=[is]|Ref=ISA_14:16!6|MId=o230140160061|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 10 זֶ֤ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 12 nsubj _ Gloss=this?|Ref=ISA_14:16!6|MId=o230140160062|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 11-12 הָאִישׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_14:16!7|MId=o230140160071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 אִישׁ֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ Gloss=man|Ref=ISA_14:16!7|MId=o230140160072|Strong=0376 13 מַרְגִּ֣יז רָגַז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[who].made.tremble|Ref=ISA_14:16!8|MId=o230140160081|Strong=7264|Frame=AA:230140160072;A0:230140160092;|Type=participle_active 14-15 הָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_14:16!9|MId=o230140160091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=earth|Ref=ISA_14:16!9|MId=o230140160092|Strong=0776 16 מַרְעִ֖ישׁ רָעַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[who].made.shake|Ref=ISA_14:16!10|MId=o230140160101|Strong=7493|Frame=AA:230140160072;A0:230140160111;|Type=participle_active 17 מַמְלָכֽוֹת מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 16 obj _ Gloss=kingdoms|Ref=ISA_14:16!11|MId=o230140160111|Strong=4467|SpaceAfter=No 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=ISA_14:16!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | רֹאֶי *\[those* | participle active · qal | | ךָ *who\] see you* | | | | יַשְׁגִּיחוּ *they will stare* | yiqtol · hiphil | רֹאֶי *\[those* | | | | | יִתְבּוֹנָנוּ *they will consider carefully* | yiqtol · hithpolel | רֹאֶי *\[those* | | | | | מַרְגִּיז *\[who\] made tremble* | participle active · hiphil | אָרֶץ *earth* | | | אִישׁ *man* | | מַרְעִישׁ *\[who\] made shake* | participle active · hiphil | מַמְלָכֽוֹת *kingdoms* | | | אִישׁ *man* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} חָזָךְ עֲלָךְ יְדוּקוּן בָּךְ יִסְתַּכְּלוּן וְיֵימְרוּן הָדֵין גַבְרָא אֲזִיעַ אַרְעָא אַצְדֵי מַלְכְּוָתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [They that saw thee do narrowly look upon thee, they gaze earnestly at thee: 'Is this the man that made the earth to tremble, that did shake kingdoms;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.316/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:289`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 14:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.15/) - next →: [Isaiah 14:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.17/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/14/)