--- title: Isaiah 14:4 — that thou shalt take up this parable against the king of Babylon, an… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: that thou shalt take up this parable against the king of Babylon, and say: How hath the oppressor ceased! the exactress of gold ceased! Who acts: thou, oppressor, exactress. Isaiah 14:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/14/) / 14:4 # Isaiah 14:4 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** thou, oppressor, exactress · **What happens:** take up, say, cease · **To what, where:** parable · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 14:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, oppressor, exactress — and what happens in the verse to parable, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְנָשָׂ֜אתָ הַמָּשָׁ֥ל הַזֶּ֛ה עַל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל וְאָמָ֑רְתָּ אֵ֚יךְ שָׁבַ֣ת נֹגֵ֔שׂ שָׁבְתָ֖ה מַדְהֵבָֽה׃ [that thou shalt take up this parable against the king of Babylon, and say: How hath the oppressor ceased! the exactress of gold ceased!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.302/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:277 # text = וְנָשָׂ֜אתָ הַמָּשָׁ֥ל הַזֶּ֛ה עַל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל וְאָמָ֑רְתָּ אֵ֚יךְ שָׁבַ֣ת נֹגֵ֔שׂ שָׁבְתָ֖ה מַדְהֵבָֽה׃ # verse = ISA.14.4 1-2 וְנָשָׂ֜אתָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_14:4!1|MId=o230140040011|Strong=2050b 2 נָשָׂ֜אתָ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.lift.up|Ref=ISA_14:4!1|MId=o230140040012|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:230140020071;A1:230140040022;|Type=weqatal 3-4 הַמָּשָׁ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_14:4!2|MId=o230140040021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מָּשָׁ֥ל מָשָׁל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=saying|Ref=ISA_14:4!2|MId=o230140040022|Strong=4912 5-6 הַזֶּ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ISA_14:4!3|MId=o230140040031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 זֶּ֛ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=ISA_14:4!3|MId=o230140040032|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 7 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ISA_14:4!4|MId=o230140040041|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 8 מֶ֥לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=ISA_14:4!5|MId=o230140040051|Strong=4428 9 בָּבֶ֖ל בָּבֶל PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Babylon|Ref=ISA_14:4!6|MId=o230140040061|Strong=0894 10-11 וְאָמָ֑רְתָּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_14:4!7|MId=o230140040071|Strong=2050b 11 אָמָ֑רְתָּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.say|Ref=ISA_14:4!7|MId=o230140040072|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:230140020071;|Type=weqatal 12 אֵ֚יךְ אֵיךְ INTJ _ _ 13 discourse _ Gloss=how!|Ref=ISA_14:4!8|MId=o230140040081|Strong=0349|Type=interrogative 13 שָׁבַ֣ת שָׁבַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 ccomp _ Gloss=he.has.ceased|Ref=ISA_14:4!9|MId=o230140040091|Strong=7673|Frame=A0:230140040101;|Type=qatal 14 נֹגֵ֔שׂ נָגַשׂ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].oppressor|Ref=ISA_14:4!10|MId=o230140040101|Strong=5065|Type=participle_active 15 שָׁבְתָ֖ה שָׁבַת VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 parataxis _ Gloss=it.has.ceased|Ref=ISA_14:4!11|MId=o230140040111|Strong=7673|Frame=A0:230140040121;|Type=qatal 16 מַדְהֵבָֽה מַדְהֵבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=raging|Ref=ISA_14:4!12|MId=o230140040121|Strong=4062|SpaceAfter=No 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=ISA_14:4!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָשָׂאתָ *you will lift up* | weqatal · qal | | מָּשָׁל *saying* | | | | אָמָרְתָּ *you will say* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | שָׁבַת *he has ceased* | qatal · qal | נֹגֵשׂ *\[the\] oppressor* | | | | | שָׁבְתָה *it has ceased* | qatal · qal | מַדְהֵבָֽה *raging* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתִטוֹל מַתְלָא הָדֵין עַל מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל וְתֵימַר אֵיכְדֵין בְּטֵילַת מַרְוַת מְשַׁעְבְּדָנָא סָף תְּקוֹף חַיָבָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [that thou shalt take up this parable against the king of Babylon, and say: How hath the oppressor ceased! the exactress of gold ceased!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.302/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:277`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 14:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.3/) - next →: [Isaiah 14:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.5/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/14/)