--- title: Isaiah 14:8 — Yea, the cypresses rejoice at thee, and the cedars of Lebanon: 'Sinc… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Yea, the cypresses rejoice at thee, and the cedars of Lebanon: 'Since thou art laid down, no feller is come up against us.' Who acts: cypresses, feller. Isaiah 14:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/14/) / 14:8 # Isaiah 14:8 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** cypresses, feller · **What happens:** rejoice, lay down, come up · **To what, where:** thee, thou This is Isaiah 14:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — cypresses, feller — and what happens in the verse to thee, thou, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. גַּם־בְּרוֹשִׁ֛ים שָׂמְח֥וּ לְךָ֖ אַרְזֵ֣י לְבָנ֑וֹן מֵאָ֣ז שָׁכַ֔בְתָּ לֹֽא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה הַכֹּרֵ֖ת עָלֵֽינוּ׃ [Yea, the cypresses rejoice at thee, and the cedars of Lebanon: 'Since thou art laid down, no feller is come up against us.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.306/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:281 # text = גַּם־בְּרוֹשִׁ֛ים שָׂמְח֥וּ לְךָ֖ אַרְזֵ֣י לְבָנ֑וֹן מֵאָ֣ז שָׁכַ֔בְתָּ לֹֽא־יַעֲלֶ֥ה הַכֹּרֵ֖ת עָלֵֽינוּ׃ # verse = ISA.14.8 1 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=ISA_14:8!1|MId=o230140080011|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 2 בְּרוֹשִׁ֛ים בְּרוֹשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].fir.trees|Ref=ISA_14:8!2|MId=o230140080021|Strong=1265 3 שָׂמְח֥וּ שָׂמַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.have.rejoiced|Ref=ISA_14:8!3|MId=o230140080031|Strong=8055|Frame=A0:230140080021;|Type=qatal 4-5 לְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 ל לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_14:8!4|MId=o230140080041|Strong=3807a 5 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_14:8!4|MId=o230140080042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 6 אַרְזֵ֣י אֶרֶז NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 parataxis _ Gloss=the.cedars|Ref=ISA_14:8!5|MId=o230140080051|Strong=0730 7 לְבָנ֑וֹן לְבָנוֹן PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Lebanon|Ref=ISA_14:8!6|MId=o230140080061|Strong=3844 8-9 מֵאָ֣ז _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_14:8!7|MId=o230140080071|Strong=4480 9 אָ֣ז אָז ADV _ _ 10 nmod _ Gloss=then|Ref=ISA_14:8!7|MId=o230140080072|Strong=0227 10 שָׁכַ֔בְתָּ שָׁכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 parataxis _ Gloss=you.lay.down|Ref=ISA_14:8!8|MId=o230140080081|Strong=7901|Frame=A0:230140040051;|Type=qatal 11 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_14:8!9|MId=o230140080091|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 12 יַעֲלֶ֥ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 parataxis _ Gloss=he.comes.up|Ref=ISA_14:8!10|MId=o230140080101|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:230140080112;|Type=yiqtol 13-14 הַכֹּרֵ֖ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_14:8!11|MId=o230140080111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 כֹּרֵ֖ת כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=cutter|Ref=ISA_14:8!11|MId=o230140080112|Strong=3772|Type=participle_active 15-16 עָלֵֽינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 עָלֵֽי עַל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ISA_14:8!12|MId=o230140080121|Strong=5921 16 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=ISA_14:8!12|MId=o230140080122|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=ISA_14:8!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שָׂמְחוּ *they have rejoiced* | qatal · qal | בְּרוֹשִׁים *\[the\] fir trees* | | | | | שָׁכַבְתָּ *you lay down* | qatal · qal | | | | | | **not** יַעֲלֶה *he comes up* | yiqtol · qal | כֹּרֵת *cutter* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אַף שִׁלְטוֹנִין חֲדִיאוּ עֲלָךְ עַתִּירֵי נִכְסַיָא אָמְרִין מֵעִידַן דִשְׁכֵיבְתָּא לָא סְלִיק מְחַבְּלָא עֲלָנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Yea, the cypresses rejoice at thee, and the cedars of Lebanon: 'Since thou art laid down, no feller is come up against us.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.306/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:281`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 14:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.7/) - next →: [Isaiah 14:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.14.9/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/14/)