--- title: Isaiah 17:13 — The nations shall rush like the rushing of many waters; but He shall… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: The nations shall rush like the rushing of many waters; but He shall rebuke them, and they shall flee far off, and shall be chased as the chaff of the mountains before the wind, and like the whirling dust before the storm. Who acts: nations, rushing. Isaiah 17:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.17.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/17/) / 17:13 # Isaiah 17:13 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** nations, rushing · **What happens:** rush, rebuke, flee, chase · **To what, where:** nations, wind, many waters This is Isaiah 17:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nations, rushing — and what happens in the verse to nations, wind, many waters, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לְאֻמִּ֗ים כִּשְׁא֞וֹן מַ֤יִם רַבִּים֙ יִשָּׁא֔וּן וְגָ֥עַר בּ֖וֹ וְנָ֣ס מִמֶּרְחָ֑ק וְרֻדַּ֗ף כְּמֹ֤ץ הָרִים֙ לִפְנֵי־ר֔וּחַ וּכְגַלְגַּ֖ל לִפְנֵ֥י סוּפָֽה׃ [The nations shall rush like the rushing of many waters; but He shall rebuke them, and they shall flee far off, and shall be chased as the chaff of the mountains before the wind, and like the whirling dust before the storm.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.372/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:341 # text = לְאֻמִּ֗ים כִּשְׁא֞וֹן מַ֤יִם רַבִּים֙ יִשָּׁא֔וּן וְגָ֥עַר בּ֖וֹ וְנָ֣ס מִמֶּרְחָ֑ק וְרֻדַּ֗ף כְּמֹ֤ץ הָרִים֙ לִפְנֵי־ר֔וּחַ וּכְגַלְגַּ֖ל לִפְנֵ֥י סוּפָֽה׃ # verse = ISA.17.13 1 לְאֻמִּ֗ים לְאֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=nations|Ref=ISA_17:13!1|MId=o230170130011|Strong=3816 2-3 כִּשְׁא֞וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=like.[the]|Ref=ISA_17:13!2|MId=o230170130021|Strong=3509a 3 שְׁא֞וֹן שָׁאוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=uproar|Ref=ISA_17:13!2|MId=o230170130022|Strong=7588 4 מַ֤יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.waters|Ref=ISA_17:13!3|MId=o230170130031|Strong=4325 5 רַבִּים֙ רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 amod _ Gloss=many|Ref=ISA_17:13!4|MId=o230170130041|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 6-7 יִשָּׁא֔וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 יִשָּׁא֔וּ שָׁאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they|Ref=ISA_17:13!5|MId=o230170130051|Strong=7582a|Frame=A0:230170130011;|Type=yiqtol 7 ן נ X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=are.in.an.uproar|Ref=ISA_17:13!5|MId=o230170130052|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 8-9 וְגָ֥עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_17:13!6|MId=o230170130061|Strong=2050b 9 גָ֥עַר גָּעַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=he.will.rebuke|Ref=ISA_17:13!6|MId=o230170130062|Strong=1605|Frame=A0:230170100031;|Type=weqatal 10-11 בּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=ISA_17:13!7|MId=o230170130071|Strong=0871a 11 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ISA_17:13!7|MId=o230170130072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-13 וְנָ֣ס _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_17:13!8|MId=o230170130081|Strong=2050b 13 נָ֣ס נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=it.will.flee|Ref=ISA_17:13!8|MId=o230170130082|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:230170130011;|Type=weqatal 14-15 מִמֶּרְחָ֑ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_17:13!9|MId=o230170130091|Strong=4480 15 מֶּרְחָ֑ק מֶרְחָק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=a.distance|Ref=ISA_17:13!9|MId=o230170130092|Strong=4801 16-17 וְרֻדַּ֗ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_17:13!10|MId=o230170130101|Strong=2050b 17 רֻדַּ֗ף רָדַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.chased|Ref=ISA_17:13!10|MId=o230170130102|Strong=7291|Frame=A1:230170130011;|Type=weqatal 18-19 כְּמֹ֤ץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_17:13!11|MId=o230170130111|Strong=3509a 19 מֹ֤ץ מֹץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=chaff|Ref=ISA_17:13!11|MId=o230170130112|Strong=4671 20 הָרִים֙ הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.mountains|Ref=ISA_17:13!12|MId=o230170130121|Strong=2022 21-22 לִפְנֵי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=ISA_17:13!13|MId=o230170130131|Strong=3807a 22 פְנֵי־ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_17:13!13|MId=o230170130132|Strong=6440 23 ר֔וּחַ רוּחַ NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=a.wind|Ref=ISA_17:13!14|MId=o230170130141|Strong=7307 24-26 וּכְגַלְגַּ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_17:13!15|MId=o230170130151|Strong=2050b 25 כְ כְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_17:13!15|MId=o230170130152|Strong=3509a 26 גַלְגַּ֖ל גַּלְגַּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=whirling.dust|Ref=ISA_17:13!15|MId=o230170130153|Strong=1534a 27-28 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=ISA_17:13!16|MId=o230170130161|Strong=3807a 28 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 26 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_17:13!16|MId=o230170130162|Strong=6440 29 סוּפָֽה סוּפָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=a.storm-wind|Ref=ISA_17:13!17|MId=o230170130171|Strong=5492|SpaceAfter=No 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=ISA_17:13!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִשָּׁאוּ *they* | yiqtol · niphal | לְאֻמִּים *nations* | | | | | גָעַר *he will rebuke* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | נָס *it will flee* | weqatal · qal | לְאֻמִּים *nations* | | | | | רֻדַּף *it will be chased* | weqatal · pual | | לְאֻמִּים *nations* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מַלְכְּוָן דִכְאִתְרְגוּשַׁת מַיִין סַגִיאִין מִתְרַגְשִׁין וִיזוּף בֵּיהּ וְיֶעְרוּק מֵרָחִיק וִיתְרַדֵף כְּמוֹץ טוּרַיָא קֳדָם רוּחָא וּכְגַלְגְלָא קֳדָם עַלְעוּלָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [The nations shall rush like the rushing of many waters; but He shall rebuke them, and they shall flee far off, and shall be chased as the chaff of the mountains before the wind, and like the whirling dust before the storm.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.372/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:341`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 17:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.17.12/) - next →: [Isaiah 17:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.17.14/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/17/)