--- title: Isaiah 18:4 — For thus hath the LORD said unto me: I will hold Me still, and I wil… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For thus hath the LORD said unto me: I will hold Me still, and I will look on in My dwelling-place, like clear heat in sunshine, like a cloud of dew in the heat of harvest. Who acts: LORD, I, harvest. Isaiah 18:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.18.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/18/) / 18:4 # Isaiah 18:4 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD, I, harvest · **What happens:** say, hold, look on, cloud, heat · **To what, where:** Me, dew, heat · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 18:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I, harvest — and what happens in the verse to Me, dew, heat, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י אֶשְׁקֳטָ֖ה וְאַבִּ֣יטָה בִמְכוֹנִ֑י כְּחֹ֥ם צַח֙ עֲלֵי־א֔וֹר כְּעָ֥ב טַ֖ל בְּחֹ֥ם קָצִֽיר׃ [For thus hath the LORD said unto me: I will hold Me still, and I will look on in My dwelling-place, like clear heat in sunshine, like a cloud of dew in the heat of harvest.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.379/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:346 # text = כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י אֶשְׁקֳטָ֖ה וְאַבִּ֣יטָה בִמְכוֹנִ֑י כְּחֹ֥ם צַח֙ עֲלֵי־א֔וֹר כְּעָ֥ב טַ֖ל בְּחֹ֥ם קָצִֽיר׃ # verse = ISA.18.4 1 כִּי֩ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_18:4!1|MId=o230180040011|Strong=3588 2 כֹ֨ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=ISA_18:4!2|MId=o230180040021|Strong=3541 3 אָמַ֤ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=ISA_18:4!3|MId=o230180040031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:230180040041;|Type=qatal 4 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_18:4!4|MId=o230180040041|Strong=3068 5-6 אֵלַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_18:4!5|MId=o230180040051|Strong=0413 6 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=ISA_18:4!5|MId=o230180040052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7 אֶשְׁקֳטָ֖ה שָׁקַט VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 ccomp _ Gloss=I.will.remain.quiet|Ref=ISA_18:4!7|MId=o230180040071|Strong=8252|Frame=A0:230180040041;|Type=cohortative 8-9 וְאַבִּ֣יטָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_18:4!8|MId=o230180040081|Strong=2050b 9 אַבִּ֣יטָה נָבַט VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 conj _ Gloss=I.will.pay.attention|Ref=ISA_18:4!8|MId=o230180040082|Strong=5027|Frame=A0:230180040041;|Type=cohortative 10-12 בִמְכוֹנִ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_18:4!9|MId=o230180040091|Strong=0871a 11 מְכוֹנ מָכוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=place|Ref=ISA_18:4!9|MId=o230180040092|Strong=4349 12 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ISA_18:4!9|MId=o230180040093|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 13-14 כְּחֹ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_18:4!10|MId=o230180040101|Strong=3509a 14 חֹ֥ם חמם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=heat|Ref=ISA_18:4!10|MId=o230180040102|Strong=2527 15 צַח֙ צַח ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 amod _ Gloss=shimmering|Ref=ISA_18:4!11|MId=o230180040111|Strong=6703|Type=adjective 16 עֲלֵי־ עַל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ISA_18:4!12|MId=o230180040121|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 17 א֔וֹר אוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 nmod _ Gloss=light|Ref=ISA_18:4!13|MId=o230180040131|Strong=0216 18-19 כְּעָ֥ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_18:4!14|MId=o230180040141|Strong=3509a 19 עָ֥ב עָב NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 conj _ Gloss=a.cloud|Ref=ISA_18:4!14|MId=o230180040142|Strong=5645 20 טַ֖ל טַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.dew|Ref=ISA_18:4!15|MId=o230180040151|Strong=2919 21-22 בְּחֹ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in.[the]|Ref=ISA_18:4!16|MId=o230180040161|Strong=0871a 22 חֹ֥ם חמם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nmod _ Gloss=heat|Ref=ISA_18:4!16|MId=o230180040162|Strong=2527 23 קָצִֽיר קָצִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.harvest|Ref=ISA_18:4!17|MId=o230180040171|Strong=7105|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=ISA_18:4!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he said* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | אֶשְׁקֳטָה *I will remain quiet* | cohortative · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | אַבִּיטָה *I will pay attention* | cohortative · hiphil | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי כִדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ לִי אַנִיחַ לְעַמִי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאַשְׁקֵיט לְהוֹן וְאֶתְרְעִי מִמְדוֹר קוּדְשִׁי לְאוֹטָבָא לְהוֹן בִּרְכָן וְנַחֲמָן אַיְתִי לְהוֹן בִּפְרִיעַ כִּשְׁחִין פָּצִיחַ עַל שֶׁמֶשׁ כַּעֲנָן טַל בִּשְׁחִין חֲצַד: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For thus hath the LORD said unto me: I will hold Me still, and I will look on in My dwelling-place, like clear heat in sunshine, like a cloud of dew in the heat of harvest.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.379/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:346`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 18:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.18.3/) - next →: [Isaiah 18:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.18.5/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/18/)