--- title: Isaiah 18:7 — In that time shall a present be brought unto the LORD of hosts of a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: In that time shall a present be brought unto the LORD of hosts of a people tall and of glossy skin, and from a people terrible from their beginning onward; a nation that is sturdy and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide, to the place of the name of the LORD of hosts, the mount Zion. Who acts --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.18.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/18/) / 18:7 # Isaiah 18:7 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** people, nation, rivers, shoots · **What happens:** bring, be, tread down, divide, begin, name · **To what, where:** present, land, LORD This is Isaiah 18:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, nation, rivers, shoots — and what happens in the verse to present, land, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בָּעֵת֩ הַהִ֨יא יֽוּבַל־שַׁ֜י לַיהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת עַ֚ם מְמֻשָּׁ֣ךְ וּמוֹרָ֔ט וּמֵעַ֥ם נוֹרָ֖א מִן־ה֣וּא וָהָ֑לְאָה גּ֣וֹי ׀ קַו־קָ֣ו וּמְבוּסָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּזְא֤וּ נְהָרִים֙ אַרְצ֔וֹ אֶל־מְק֛וֹם שֵׁם־יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת הַר־צִיּֽוֹן׃ס [In that time shall a present be brought unto the LORD of hosts of a people tall and of glossy skin, and from a people terrible from their beginning onward; a nation that is sturdy and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide, to the place of the name of the LORD of hosts, the mount Zion.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.382/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:349 # text = בָּעֵת֩ הַהִ֨יא יֽוּבַל־שַׁ֜י לַיהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת עַ֚ם מְמֻשָּׁ֣ךְ וּמוֹרָ֔ט וּמֵעַ֥ם נוֹרָ֖א מִן־ה֣וּא וָהָ֑לְאָה גּ֣וֹי ׀ קַו־קָ֣ו וּמְבוּסָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּזְא֤וּ נְהָרִים֙ אַרְצ֔וֹ אֶל־מְק֛וֹם שֵׁם־יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת הַר־צִיּֽוֹן׃ס # verse = ISA.18.7 1-3 בָּעֵת֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=ISA_18:7!1|MId=o230180070011|Strong=0871a 2 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_18:7!1|MId=o230180070011ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 עֵת֩ עֵת NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=time|Ref=ISA_18:7!1|MId=o230180070012|Strong=6256 4-5 הַהִ֨יא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ISA_18:7!2|MId=o230180070021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 הִ֨יא הִיא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=ISA_18:7!2|MId=o230180070022|Strong=1931a|Type=personal 6 יֽוּבַל־ יָבַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.be.brought|Ref=ISA_18:7!3|MId=o230180070031|Strong=2986|Frame=A1:230180070041;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 7 שַׁ֜י שַׁי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=a.gift|Ref=ISA_18:7!4|MId=o230180070041|Strong=7862 8-9 לַיהוָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_18:7!5|MId=o230180070051|Strong=3807a 9 יהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_18:7!5|MId=o230180070052|Strong=3068 10 צְבָא֗וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ISA_18:7!6|MId=o230180070061|Strong=6635 11 עַ֚ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=a.people|Ref=ISA_18:7!7|MId=o230180070071|Strong=5971 12 מְמֻשָּׁ֣ךְ מָשַׁךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=tall|Ref=ISA_18:7!8|MId=o230180070081|Strong=4900|Frame=A0:230180070071;|Type=participle_passive 13-14 וּמוֹרָ֔ט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_18:7!9|MId=o230180070091|Strong=2050b 14 מוֹרָ֔ט מרט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=smooth.skinned|Ref=ISA_18:7!9|MId=o230180070092|Strong=4803|Frame=A0:230180070071;|Type=participle_passive 15-17 וּמֵעַ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_18:7!10|MId=o230180070101|Strong=2050b 16 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_18:7!10|MId=o230180070102|Strong=4480 17 עַ֥ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=a.people|Ref=ISA_18:7!10|MId=o230180070103|Strong=5971 18 נוֹרָ֖א יָרֵא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=feared|Ref=ISA_18:7!11|MId=o230180070111|Strong=3372|Frame=A1:230180070103;|Type=participle_active 19 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_18:7!12|MId=o230180070121|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 20 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ISA_18:7!13|MId=o230180070131|Strong=1931|Type=personal 21-22 וָהָ֑לְאָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_18:7!14|MId=o230180070141|Strong=2050b 22 הָ֑לְאָה הָלְאָה ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=beyond|Ref=ISA_18:7!14|MId=o230180070142|Strong=1973 23 גּ֣וֹי גּוֹי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 appos _ Gloss=a.nation|Ref=ISA_18:7!15|MId=o230180070151|Strong=1471 24 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=ISA_18:7!15 25 קַו־ קַו NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 appos _ Gloss=of.strength|Ref=ISA_18:7!16|MId=o230180070161|Strong=6957a|SpaceAfter=No 26 קָ֣ו קַו NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=of.strength|Ref=ISA_18:7!17|MId=o230180070171|Strong=6957a 27-28 וּמְבוּסָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_18:7!18|MId=o230180070181|Strong=2050b 28 מְבוּסָ֗ה מְבוּסָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=trampling|Ref=ISA_18:7!18|MId=o230180070182|Strong=4001 29 אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=ISA_18:7!19|MId=o230180070191|Strong=0834|Type=relative 30 בָּזְא֤וּ בָּזָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 23 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.divide|Ref=ISA_18:7!20|MId=o230180070201|Strong=0958|Frame=A0:230180070211;A1:230180070221;|Type=qatal 31 נְהָרִים֙ נָהָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ Gloss=rivers|Ref=ISA_18:7!21|MId=o230180070211|Strong=5104 32-33 אַרְצ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 אַרְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 30 obj _ Gloss=land|Ref=ISA_18:7!22|MId=o230180070221|Strong=0776 33 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_18:7!22|MId=o230180070222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_18:7!23|MId=o230180070231|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 35 מְק֛וֹם מָקוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.place|Ref=ISA_18:7!24|MId=o230180070241|Strong=4725 36 שֵׁם־ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.name|Ref=ISA_18:7!25|MId=o230180070251|Strong=8034|SpaceAfter=No 37 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 36 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=ISA_18:7!26|MId=o230180070261|Strong=3068 38 צְבָא֖וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ISA_18:7!27|MId=o230180070271|Strong=6635 39 הַר־ הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 35 appos _ Gloss=the.mountain|Ref=ISA_18:7!28|MId=o230180070281|Strong=2022|SpaceAfter=No 40 צִיּֽוֹן צִיּוֹן PROPN _ _ 39 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Zion|Ref=ISA_18:7!29|MId=o230180070291|Strong=6726|SpaceAfter=No 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=ISA_18:7!29|SpaceAfter=No 42 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=ISA_18:7!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֽוּבַל־ *it will be brought* | yiqtol · hophal | | שַׁי *a gift* | | | | מְמֻשָּׁךְ *tall* | participle passive · pual | עַם *a people* | | | | | מוֹרָט *smooth skinned* | participle passive · pual | עַם *a people* | | | | | נוֹרָא *feared* | participle active · niphal | | עַם *a people* | | | | בָּזְאוּ *they divide* | qatal · qal | נְהָרִים *rivers* | אַרְצ *land* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בְּעִדָנָא הַהִיא יַיְתִינֵיהּ בְּתוּקְרַבְתָּא לִקֳדָם יְיָ צְבָאוֹת לְעַמָא אֲנֵיסָא וּבְזִיזָאוּ לְוַת עַמָא דְיִתְקֵף מִבְּכֵן וּלְהַלָא עַמָא אֲנִיסָא וּבָזִיזָא דְבַזוּ עַמְמַיָא אַרְעֵהּ לְאַתְרָא דְאִתְקְרֵי שְׁמָא דַייָ צְבָאוֹת דִשְׁכִנְתֵּהּ בְּטוּרָא דְצִיוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [In that time shall a present be brought unto the LORD of hosts of a people tall and of glossy skin, and from a people terrible from their beginning onward; a nation that is sturdy and treadeth down, whose land the rivers divide, to the place of the name of the LORD of hosts, the mount Zion.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.382/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:349`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 18:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.18.6/) - next →: [Isaiah 19:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.19.1/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/18/)