--- title: Isaiah 19:2 — And I will spur Egypt against Egypt; and they shall fight every one… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I will spur Egypt against Egypt; and they shall fight every one against his brother, and everyone against his neighbour; city against city, and kingdom against kingdom. Who acts: I, idols. Isaiah 19:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every claus --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.19.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/19/) / 19:2 # Isaiah 19:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, idols · **What happens:** spur, fight · **To what, where:** Egypt, one This is Isaiah 19:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, idols — and what happens in the verse to Egypt, one, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְסִכְסַכְתִּ֤י מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם וְנִלְחֲמ֥וּ אִישׁ־בְּאָחִ֖יו וְאִ֣ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ עִ֣יר בְּעִ֔יר מַמְלָכָ֖ה בְּמַמְלָכָֽה׃ [And I will spur Egypt against Egypt; and they shall fight every one against his brother, and everyone against his neighbour; city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.385/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:351 # text = וְסִכְסַכְתִּ֤י מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם וְנִלְחֲמ֥וּ אִישׁ־בְּאָחִ֖יו וְאִ֣ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ עִ֣יר בְּעִ֔יר מַמְלָכָ֖ה בְּמַמְלָכָֽה׃ # verse = ISA.19.2 1-2 וְסִכְסַכְתִּ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_19:2!1|MId=o230190020011|Strong=2050b 2 סִכְסַכְתִּ֤י סוך VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PILPEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.will.provoke|Ref=ISA_19:2!1|MId=o230190020012|Strong=5480a|Frame=A0:230190010041;A1:230190020021;|Type=weqatal 3 מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 2 obj _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=ISA_19:2!2|MId=o230190020021|Strong=4714 4-5 בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=ISA_19:2!3|MId=o230190020031|Strong=0871a 5 מִצְרַ֔יִם מִצְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Egypt|Ref=ISA_19:2!3|MId=o230190020032|Strong=4714 6-7 וְנִלְחֲמ֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_19:2!4|MId=o230190020041|Strong=2050b 7 נִלְחֲמ֥וּ לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.will.fight|Ref=ISA_19:2!4|MId=o230190020042|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:230190020021;|Type=weqatal 8 אִישׁ־ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=each|Ref=ISA_19:2!5|MId=o230190020051|Strong=0376|SpaceAfter=No 9-11 בְּאָחִ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=ISA_19:2!6|MId=o230190020061|Strong=0871a 10 אָחִ֖י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=brother|Ref=ISA_19:2!6|MId=o230190020062|Strong=0251 11 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_19:2!6|MId=o230190020063|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12-13 וְאִ֣ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_19:2!7|MId=o230190020071|Strong=2050b 13 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=each|Ref=ISA_19:2!7|MId=o230190020072|Strong=0376 14-16 בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=ISA_19:2!8|MId=o230190020081|Strong=0871a 15 רֵע רֵעַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=neighbor|Ref=ISA_19:2!8|MId=o230190020082|Strong=7453 16 ֵ֑הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_19:2!8|MId=o230190020083|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 17 עִ֣יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ Gloss=city|Ref=ISA_19:2!9|MId=o230190020091|Strong=5892 18-19 בְּעִ֔יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=ISA_19:2!10|MId=o230190020101|Strong=0871a 19 עִ֔יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=ISA_19:2!10|MId=o230190020102|Strong=5892 20 מַמְלָכָ֖ה מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ Gloss=kingdom|Ref=ISA_19:2!11|MId=o230190020111|Strong=4467 21-22 בְּמַמְלָכָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=ISA_19:2!12|MId=o230190020121|Strong=0871a 22 מַמְלָכָֽה מַמְלָכָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=kingdom|Ref=ISA_19:2!12|MId=o230190020122|Strong=4467 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=ISA_19:2!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | סִכְסַכְתִּי *I will provoke* | weqatal · pilpel | | מִצְרַיִם *Egypt* | | | | נִלְחֲמוּ *they will fight* | weqatal · niphal | מִצְרַיִם *Egypt* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וֶאֱגָרֵי מִצְרָאֵי בְּמִצְרָאֵי וִיגִיחוּן קְרָב גְבַר בַּאֲחוּהִי וּגְבַר בְּחַבְרֵהּ קְרִי בִּקְרִי וּמָלְכוּ בְמָלְכוּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I will spur Egypt against Egypt; and they shall fight every one against his brother, and everyone against his neighbour; city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.385/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:351`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 19:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.19.1/) - next →: [Isaiah 19:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.19.3/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/19/)