--- title: Isaiah 2:8 — Their land also is full of idols; every one worshippeth the work of… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Their land also is full of idols; every one worshippeth the work of his own hands, that which his own fingers have made. Who acts: land, one, own fingers, own hands. Isaiah 2:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.2.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/2/) / 2:8 # Isaiah 2:8 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** land, one, own fingers, own hands · **What happens:** be, worship, make, work · **To what, where:** work This is Isaiah 2:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — land, one, own fingers, own hands — and what happens in the verse to work, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א אַרְצ֖וֹ אֱלִילִ֑ים לְמַעֲשֵׂ֤ה יָדָיו֙ יִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֔וּ לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשׂ֖וּ אֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו׃ [Their land also is full of idols; every one worshippeth the work of his own hands, that which his own fingers have made.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.40/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:38 # text = וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א אַרְצ֖וֹ אֱלִילִ֑ים לְמַעֲשֵׂ֤ה יָדָיו֙ יִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֔וּ לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשׂ֖וּ אֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו׃ # verse = ISA.2.8 1-2 וַתִּמָּלֵ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_2:8!1|MId=o230020080011|Strong=2050b 2 תִּמָּלֵ֥א מָלֵא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.has.been.filled|Ref=ISA_2:8!1|MId=o230020080012|Strong=4390|Frame=A1:230020080021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אַרְצ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אַרְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=land|Ref=ISA_2:8!2|MId=o230020080021|Strong=0776 4 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_2:8!2|MId=o230020080022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 אֱלִילִ֑ים אֱלִיל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=idols|Ref=ISA_2:8!3|MId=o230020080031|Strong=0457 6-7 לְמַעֲשֵׂ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_2:8!4|MId=o230020080041|Strong=3807a 7 מַעֲשֵׂ֤ה מַעֲשֶׂה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.work|Ref=ISA_2:8!4|MId=o230020080042|Strong=4639 8-9 יָדָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 יָדָי יָד NOUN _ Number=Dual 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.hands|Ref=ISA_2:8!5|MId=o230020080051|Strong=3027 9 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_2:8!5|MId=o230020080052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 יִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֔וּ חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.bow.down|Ref=ISA_2:8!6|MId=o230020080061|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:230020060031;|Type=yiqtol 11-12 לַאֲשֶׁ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 7 nmod _ Gloss=to.[that]|Ref=ISA_2:8!7|MId=o230020080071|Strong=3807a 12 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=ISA_2:8!7|MId=o230020080072|Strong=0834|Type=relative 13 עָשׂ֖וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.have.made|Ref=ISA_2:8!8|MId=o230020080081|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:230020080091;|Type=qatal 14-15 אֶצְבְּעֹתָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 אֶצְבְּעֹתָֽי אֶצְבַּע NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ Gloss=fingers|Ref=ISA_2:8!9|MId=o230020080091|Strong=0676 15 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_2:8!9|MId=o230020080092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=ISA_2:8!9 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תִּמָּלֵא *it has been filled* | wayyiqtol · niphal | | אַרְצ *land* | | | | יִֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ *they bow down* | yiqtol | | | | | | עָשׂוּ *they have made* | qatal · qal | אֶצְבְּעֹתָֽי *fingers* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִתְמְלִיאַת אַרְעֲהוֹן טַעֲוָן לְעוֹבָדֵי יְדֵיהוֹן סָגְדִין לִדְאַתְקִינָא אֶצְבְּעָתֵיהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Their land also is full of idols; every one worshippeth the work of his own hands, that which his own fingers have made.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.40/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:38`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 2:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.2.7/) - next →: [Isaiah 2:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.2.9/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/2/)