--- title: Isaiah 21:16 — For thus hath the Lord said unto me: 'Within a year, according to th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For thus hath the Lord said unto me: 'Within a year, according to the years of a hireling, and all the glory of Kedar shall fail; Who acts: Lord, glory, Kedar. Isaiah 21:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/21/) / 21:16 # Isaiah 21:16 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Lord, glory, Kedar · **What happens:** say, accord, fail, glory · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 21:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lord, glory, Kedar — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּי־כֹ֛ה אָמַ֥ר אֲדֹנָ֖י אֵלָ֑י בְּע֤וֹד שָׁנָה֙ כִּשְׁנֵ֣י שָׂכִ֔יר וְכָלָ֖ה כָּל־כְּב֥וֹד קֵדָֽר׃ [For thus hath the Lord said unto me: 'Within a year, according to the years of a hireling, and all the glory of Kedar shall fail;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.439/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:396 # text = כִּי־כֹ֛ה אָמַ֥ר אֲדֹנָ֖י אֵלָ֑י בְּע֤וֹד שָׁנָה֙ כִּשְׁנֵ֣י שָׂכִ֔יר וְכָלָ֖ה כָּל־כְּב֥וֹד קֵדָֽר׃ # verse = ISA.21.16 1 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_21:16!1|MId=o230210160011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2 כֹ֛ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=ISA_21:16!2|MId=o230210160021|Strong=3541 3 אָמַ֥ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.has.said|Ref=ISA_21:16!3|MId=o230210160031|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:230210160041;|Type=qatal 4-5 אֲדֹנָ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=ISA_21:16!4|MId=o230210160041|Strong=0136 5 ָ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=ISA_21:16!4|MId=o230210160042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6-7 אֵלָ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_21:16!5|MId=o230210160051|Strong=0413 7 ָ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=ISA_21:16!5|MId=o230210160052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 8-9 בְּע֤וֹד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_21:16!6|MId=o230210160061|Strong=0871a 9 ע֤וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 10 advmod _ Gloss=yet|Ref=ISA_21:16!6|MId=o230210160062|Strong=5750 10 שָׁנָה֙ שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 parataxis _ Gloss=a.year|Ref=ISA_21:16!7|MId=o230210160071|Strong=8141 11-12 כִּשְׁנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=like.[the]|Ref=ISA_21:16!8|MId=o230210160081|Strong=3509a 12 שְׁנֵ֣י שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 10 obl _ Gloss=years|Ref=ISA_21:16!8|MId=o230210160082|Strong=8141|Type=cardinal_number 13 שָׂכִ֔יר שָׂכִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.hired.laborer|Ref=ISA_21:16!9|MId=o230210160091|Strong=7916|Type=adjective 14-15 וְכָלָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_21:16!10|MId=o230210160101|Strong=2050b 15 כָלָ֖ה כָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 ccomp _ Gloss=it.will.be.finished|Ref=ISA_21:16!10|MId=o230210160102|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:230210160121;|Type=weqatal 16 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_21:16!11|MId=o230210160111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 17 כְּב֥וֹד כָּבוֹד NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.splendor|Ref=ISA_21:16!12|MId=o230210160121|Strong=3519 18 קֵדָֽר קֵדָר PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Kedar|Ref=ISA_21:16!13|MId=o230210160131|Strong=6938|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=ISA_21:16!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he has said* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | כָלָה *it will be finished* | weqatal · qal | כְּבוֹד *the splendor* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי כִדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ לִי בְּסוֹף שְׁנַיָא כִשְׁנֵי אֲגִירָא וְיָסוּף כָּל יְקָרְהוֹן דַעֲרָבָאֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For thus hath the Lord said unto me: 'Within a year, according to the years of a hireling, and all the glory of Kedar shall fail;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.439/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:396`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 21:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.15/) - next →: [Isaiah 21:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.17/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/21/)