--- title: Isaiah 21:2 — A grievous vision is declared unto me: 'The treacherous dealer deale… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: A grievous vision is declared unto me: 'The treacherous dealer dealeth treacherously, and the spoiler spoileth. Go up, O Elam! besiege, O Media! All the sighing thereof have I made to cease.' Who acts: treacherous dealer, spoiler, you, I. Isaiah 21:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonath --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/21/) / 21:2 # Isaiah 21:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** treacherous dealer, spoiler, you, I, sighing · **What happens:** declare, deal, spoil, go up, besiege, make · **To what, where:** grievous vision, sighing This is Isaiah 21:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — treacherous dealer, spoiler, you, I, sighing — and what happens in the verse to grievous vision, sighing, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. חָז֥וּת קָשָׁ֖ה הֻגַּד־לִ֑י הַבּוֹגֵ֤ד ׀ בּוֹגֵד֙ וְהַשּׁוֹדֵ֣ד ׀ שׁוֹדֵ֔ד עֲלִ֤י עֵילָם֙ צוּרִ֣י מָדַ֔י כָּל־אַנְחָתָ֖ה הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי׃ [A grievous vision is declared unto me: 'The treacherous dealer dealeth treacherously, and the spoiler spoileth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.418/) [Go up, O Elam! besiege, O Media!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.419/) [All the sighing thereof have I made to cease.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.420/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:382 # text = חָז֥וּת קָשָׁ֖ה הֻגַּד־לִ֑י הַבּוֹגֵ֤ד ׀ בּוֹגֵד֙ וְהַשּׁוֹדֵ֣ד ׀ שׁוֹדֵ֔ד עֲלִ֤י עֵילָם֙ צוּרִ֣י מָדַ֔י כָּל־אַנְחָתָ֖ה הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי׃ # verse = ISA.21.2 1 חָז֥וּת חָזוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=a.vision|Ref=ISA_21:2!1|MId=o230210020011|Strong=2380 2 קָשָׁ֖ה קָשֶׁה ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 amod _ Gloss=severe|Ref=ISA_21:2!2|MId=o230210020021|Strong=7186|Type=adjective 3 הֻגַּד־ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.has.been.told|Ref=ISA_21:2!3|MId=o230210020031|Strong=5046|Frame=A1:230210020011;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 לִ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 ל לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_21:2!4|MId=o230210020041|Strong=3807a 5 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=ISA_21:2!4|MId=o230210020042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 6-7 הַבּוֹגֵ֤ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the.[one|Ref=ISA_21:2!5|MId=o230210020051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 בּוֹגֵ֤ד בָּגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=who].acts.treacherously|Ref=ISA_21:2!5|MId=o230210020052|Strong=0898|Type=participle_active 8 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ Ref=ISA_21:2!5 9 בּוֹגֵד֙ בָּגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=[is].acting.treacherously|Ref=ISA_21:2!6|MId=o230210020061|Strong=0898|Frame=A0:230210020052;|Type=participle_active 10-12 וְהַשּׁוֹדֵ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_21:2!7|MId=o230210020071|Strong=2050b 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the.[one|Ref=ISA_21:2!7|MId=o230210020072|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 שּׁוֹדֵ֣ד שָׁדַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=who].destroys|Ref=ISA_21:2!7|MId=o230210020073|Strong=7703|Type=participle_active 13 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 12 punct _ Ref=ISA_21:2!7 14 שׁוֹדֵ֔ד שָׁדַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=[is].destroying|Ref=ISA_21:2!8|MId=o230210020081|Strong=7703|Frame=A0:230210020073;|Type=participle_active 15 עֲלִ֤י עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 parataxis _ Gloss=go.up|Ref=ISA_21:2!9|MId=o230210020091|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:230210020101;|Type=imperative 16 עֵילָם֙ עֵילָם PROPN _ _ 15 parataxis _ Gloss=O.Elam|Ref=ISA_21:2!10|MId=o230210020101|Strong=5867 17 צוּרִ֣י צוּר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 parataxis _ Gloss=lay.siege|Ref=ISA_21:2!11|MId=o230210020111|Strong=6696|Frame=A0:230210020121;|Type=imperative 18 מָדַ֔י מָדַי PROPN _ _ 17 parataxis _ Gloss=O.Media|Ref=ISA_21:2!12|MId=o230210020121|Strong=4074 19 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_21:2!13|MId=o230210020131|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 אַנְחָתָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 אַנְחָת אֲנָחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=groaning|Ref=ISA_21:2!14|MId=o230210020141|Strong=0585 21 ָ֖ה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_21:2!14|MId=o230210020142|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 22 הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי שָׁבַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 parataxis _ Gloss=I.will.cause.to.cease|Ref=ISA_21:2!15|MId=o230210020151|Strong=7673|Frame=AA:230200030021;A0:230210020141;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=ISA_21:2!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הֻגַּד־ *it has been told* | qatal · hophal | | חָזוּת *a vision* | | | | בּוֹגֵד *\[is\] acting treacherously* | participle active · qal | בּוֹגֵד *who\] acts treacherously* | | | | | שׁוֹדֵד *\[is\] destroying* | participle active · qal | שּׁוֹדֵד *who\] destroys* | | | | | עֲלִי *go up* | imperative · qal | עֵילָם *O Elam* | | | | | צוּרִי *lay siege* | imperative · qal | מָדַי *O Media* | | | | | הִשְׁבַּֽתִּי *I will cause to cease* | qatal · hiphil | אַנְחָת *groaning* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲמַר נְבִיָא נְבוּאָה קָשְׁיָא אִתְחַוָאָה לִי אֲנִיסַיָא מִתְאַנְסִין וּבָזְזַיָא מִתְבַּזְזִין סַקוּ עֵילָמָאֵי תְקִיפוּ מְדָאֵי כָּל דַהֲווֹ מִתְאַנְחִין מִן קֳדָם מַלְכָּא דְבָבֶל אַנְחֵית לְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [A grievous vision is declared unto me: 'The treacherous dealer dealeth treacherously, and the spoiler spoileth.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.418/) 2. [Go up, O Elam! besiege, O Media!](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.419/) 3. [All the sighing thereof have I made to cease.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.420/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:382`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 21:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.1/) - next →: [Isaiah 21:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.21.3/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/21/)