--- title: Isaiah 23:18 — And her gain and her hire shall be holiness to the LORD; it shall no… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And her gain and her hire shall be holiness to the LORD; it shall not be treasured nor laid up; for her gain shall be for them that dwell before the LORD, to eat their fill, and for stately clothing. Who acts: gain. Isaiah 23:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.23.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/23/) / 23:18 # Isaiah 23:18 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** gain · **What happens:** be, not treasure, lay up, dwell, eat · **To what, where:** holiness, hire, fill This is Isaiah 23:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — gain — and what happens in the verse to holiness, hire, fill, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָיָ֨ה סַחְרָ֜הּ וְאֶתְנַנָּ֗הּ קֹ֚דֶשׁ לַֽיהוָ֔ה לֹ֥א יֵֽאָצֵ֖ר וְלֹ֣א יֵֽחָסֵ֑ן כִּ֣י לַיֹּשְׁבִ֞ים לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ יִֽהְיֶ֣ה סַחְרָ֔הּ לֶאֱכֹ֥ל לְשָׂבְעָ֖ה וְלִמְכַסֶּ֥ה עָתִֽיק׃פ [And her gain and her hire shall be holiness to the LORD; it shall not be treasured nor laid up; for her gain shall be for them that dwell before the LORD, to eat their fill, and for stately clothing.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.486/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:440 # text = וְהָיָ֨ה סַחְרָ֜הּ וְאֶתְנַנָּ֗הּ קֹ֚דֶשׁ לַֽיהוָ֔ה לֹ֥א יֵֽאָצֵ֖ר וְלֹ֣א יֵֽחָסֵ֑ן כִּ֣י לַיֹּשְׁבִ֞ים לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ יִֽהְיֶ֣ה סַחְרָ֔הּ לֶאֱכֹ֥ל לְשָׂבְעָ֖ה וְלִמְכַסֶּ֥ה עָתִֽיק׃פ # verse = ISA.23.18 1-2 וְהָיָ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_23:18!1|MId=o230230180011|Strong=2050b 2 הָיָ֨ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=ISA_23:18!1|MId=o230230180012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:230230180021;230230180032;|Type=weqatal 3-4 סַחְרָ֜הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 סַחְר סַחַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Gloss=profit|Ref=ISA_23:18!2|MId=o230230180021|Strong=5504 4 ָ֜הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its.trading|Ref=ISA_23:18!2|MId=o230230180022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5-7 וְאֶתְנַנָּ֗הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_23:18!3|MId=o230230180031|Strong=2050b 6 אֶתְנַנּ אֶתְנַן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=hire|Ref=ISA_23:18!3|MId=o230230180032|Strong=0868 7 ָ֗הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_23:18!3|MId=o230230180033|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 8 קֹ֚דֶשׁ קֹדֶשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=a.holy.thing|Ref=ISA_23:18!4|MId=o230230180041|Strong=6944 9-10 לַֽיהוָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_23:18!5|MId=o230230180051|Strong=3807a 10 יהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_23:18!5|MId=o230230180052|Strong=3068 11 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 12 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_23:18!6|MId=o230230180061|Strong=3808|Type=negative 12 יֵֽאָצֵ֖ר אָצַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.be.stored.up|Ref=ISA_23:18!7|MId=o230230180071|Strong=0686|Frame=A1:230230180021;230230180032;|Type=yiqtol 13-14 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_23:18!8|MId=o230230180081|Strong=2050b 14 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_23:18!8|MId=o230230180082|Strong=3808|Type=negative 15 יֵֽחָסֵ֑ן חָסַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 8 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.hoarded|Ref=ISA_23:18!9|MId=o230230180091|Strong=2630|Frame=A1:230230180021;230230180032;|Type=yiqtol 16 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_23:18!10|MId=o230230180101|Strong=3588 17-19 לַיֹּשְׁבִ֞ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_23:18!11|MId=o230230180111|Strong=3807a 18 ה הַ SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=[those|Ref=ISA_23:18!11|MId=o230230180111ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 יֹּשְׁבִ֞ים יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 8 advcl _ Gloss=who].dwell|Ref=ISA_23:18!11|MId=o230230180112|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 20-21 לִפְנֵ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=ISA_23:18!12|MId=o230230180121|Strong=3807a 21 פְנֵ֤י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_23:18!12|MId=o230230180122|Strong=6440 22 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_23:18!13|MId=o230230180131|Strong=3068 23 יִֽהְיֶ֣ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 cop _ Gloss=it.will.belong|Ref=ISA_23:18!14|MId=o230230180141|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:230230180151;|Type=yiqtol 24-25 סַחְרָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 סַחְר סַחַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=profit|Ref=ISA_23:18!15|MId=o230230180151|Strong=5504 25 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its.trading|Ref=ISA_23:18!15|MId=o230230180152|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 26-27 לֶאֱכֹ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_23:18!16|MId=o230230180161|Strong=3807a 27 אֱכֹ֥ל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 19 advcl _ Gloss=eating|Ref=ISA_23:18!16|MId=o230230180162|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:230230180113;|Type=infinitive_construct 28-29 לְשָׂבְעָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_23:18!17|MId=o230230180171|Strong=3807a 29 שָׂבְעָ֖ה שׇׂבְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=satiety|Ref=ISA_23:18!17|MId=o230230180172|Strong=7654 30-32 וְלִמְכַסֶּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_23:18!18|MId=o230230180181|Strong=2050b 31 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_23:18!18|MId=o230230180182|Strong=3807a 32 מְכַסֶּ֥ה מְכַסֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 conj _ Gloss=covering|Ref=ISA_23:18!18|MId=o230230180183|Strong=4374 33 עָתִֽיק עָתִיק ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 amod _ Gloss=magnificent|Ref=ISA_23:18!19|MId=o230230180191|Strong=6266|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=ISA_23:18!19|SpaceAfter=No 35 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=ISA_23:18!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הָיָה *it will be* | weqatal · qal | סַחְר *profit* + אֶתְנַנּ *hire* | | | | | **not** יֵֽאָצֵר *it will be stored up* | yiqtol · niphal | | סַחְר *profit* + אֶתְנַנּ *hire* | | | | **not** יֵֽחָסֵן *it will be hoarded* | yiqtol · niphal | | סַחְר *profit* + אֶתְנַנּ *hire* | | | | יִֽהְיֶה *it will belong* | yiqtol · qal | סַחְר *profit* | | | | | אֱכֹל *eating* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיהֵי סְחוֹרְתָּהּ וְאַגְרָהּ קוּדְשָׁא קֳדָם יְיָ לָא יִתְאַצֵר וְלָא יִתְגְנַז אֲרֵי לְדִמְשַׁמְשִׁין קֳדָם יְיָ יְהֵי אַגְרָה לְמֵיכַל לְמִסְבַּע וְלִכְסוּ דִיקָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And her gain and her hire shall be holiness to the LORD; it shall not be treasured nor laid up; for her gain shall be for them that dwell before the LORD, to eat their fill, and for stately clothing.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.486/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:440`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 23:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.23.17/) - next →: [Isaiah 24:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.1/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/23/)