--- title: Isaiah 24:23 — Then the moon shall be confounded, and the sun ashamed; for the LORD… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then the moon shall be confounded, and the sun ashamed; for the LORD of hosts will reign in mount Zion, and in Jerusalem, and before His elders shall be Glory. Who acts: sun, LORD, elders. Isaiah 24:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/24/) / 24:23 # Isaiah 24:23 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** sun, LORD, elders · **What happens:** confound, asham, reign, be · **To what, where:** moon, mount Zion, Glory This is Isaiah 24:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sun, LORD, elders — and what happens in the verse to moon, mount Zion, Glory, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְחָֽפְרָה֙ הַלְּבָנָ֔ה וּבוֹשָׁ֖ה הַֽחַמָּ֑ה כִּֽי־מָלַ֞ךְ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת בְּהַ֤ר צִיּוֹן֙ וּבִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְנֶ֥גֶד זְקֵנָ֖יו כָּבֽוֹד׃פ [Then the moon shall be confounded, and the sun ashamed; for the LORD of hosts will reign in mount Zion, and in Jerusalem, and before His elders shall be Glory.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.510/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:463 # text = וְחָֽפְרָה֙ הַלְּבָנָ֔ה וּבוֹשָׁ֖ה הַֽחַמָּ֑ה כִּֽי־מָלַ֞ךְ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֗וֹת בְּהַ֤ר צִיּוֹן֙ וּבִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְנֶ֥גֶד זְקֵנָ֖יו כָּבֽוֹד׃פ # verse = ISA.24.23 1-2 וְחָֽפְרָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_24:23!1|MId=o230240230011|Strong=2050b 2 חָֽפְרָה֙ חָפֵר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.be.abashed|Ref=ISA_24:23!1|MId=o230240230012|Strong=2659|Frame=A0:230240230022;|Type=weqatal 3-4 הַלְּבָנָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_24:23!2|MId=o230240230021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 לְּבָנָ֔ה לְבָנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=moon|Ref=ISA_24:23!2|MId=o230240230022|Strong=3842 5-6 וּבוֹשָׁ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_24:23!3|MId=o230240230031|Strong=2050b 6 בוֹשָׁ֖ה בּוֹשׁ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.ashamed|Ref=ISA_24:23!3|MId=o230240230032|Strong=0954|Frame=A0:230240230042;|Type=weqatal 7-8 הַֽחַמָּ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_24:23!4|MId=o230240230041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 חַמָּ֑ה חַמָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ Gloss=sun|Ref=ISA_24:23!4|MId=o230240230042|Strong=2535 9 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_24:23!5|MId=o230240230051|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 10 מָלַ֞ךְ מָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he.will.reign|Ref=ISA_24:23!6|MId=o230240230061|Strong=4427|Frame=A0:230240230071;|Type=qatal 11 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 10 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_24:23!7|MId=o230240230071|Strong=3068 12 צְבָא֗וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ISA_24:23!8|MId=o230240230081|Strong=6635 13-14 בְּהַ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ISA_24:23!9|MId=o230240230091|Strong=0871a 14 הַ֤ר הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.mountain|Ref=ISA_24:23!9|MId=o230240230092|Strong=2022 15 צִיּוֹן֙ צִיּוֹן PROPN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Zion|Ref=ISA_24:23!10|MId=o230240230101|Strong=6726 16-18 וּבִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_24:23!11|MId=o230240230111|Strong=2050b 17 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_24:23!11|MId=o230240230112|Strong=0871a 18 יר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 14 conj _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=ISA_24:23!11|MId=o230240230113|Strong=3389 19-20 וְנֶ֥גֶד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_24:23!12|MId=o230240230121|Strong=2050b 20 נֶ֥גֶד נֶגֶד NOUN _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=before|Ref=ISA_24:23!12|MId=o230240230122|Strong=5048 21-22 זְקֵנָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 זְקֵנָ֖י זָקֵן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_24:23!13|MId=o230240230131|Strong=2205|Type=adjective 22 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=elders|Ref=ISA_24:23!13|MId=o230240230132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23 כָּבֽוֹד כָּבוֹד NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=glory|Ref=ISA_24:23!14|MId=o230240230141|Strong=3519|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=ISA_24:23!14|SpaceAfter=No 25 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=ISA_24:23!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חָֽפְרָה *it will be abashed* | weqatal · qal | לְּבָנָה *moon* | | | | | בוֹשָׁה *it will be ashamed* | weqatal · qal | חַמָּה *sun* | | | | | מָלַךְ *he will reign* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְיִבְהֲתוּן דְפָלְחִין לְסִיהֲרָא וְיִתְכַּנְעוּן דְסָגְדִין לְשִׁמְשָׁא אֲרֵי תִתְגְלֵי גְבוּרְתָּא דַייָ צְבָאוֹת בְּטוּרָא דְצִיוֹן וּבִירוּשְׁלֶם וּקְדָם סָבֵי עַמֵהּ בִּיקָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then the moon shall be confounded, and the sun ashamed; for the LORD of hosts will reign in mount Zion, and in Jerusalem, and before His elders shall be Glory.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.510/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:463`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 24:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.24.22/) - next →: [Isaiah 25:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.25.1/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/24/)