--- title: Isaiah 28:22 — Now therefore be ye not scoffers, lest your bands be made strong; fo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now therefore be ye not scoffers, lest your bands be made strong; for an extermination wholly determined have I heard from the Lord, the GOD of hosts, upon the whole land. Who acts: ye, I. Isaiah 28:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/28/) / 28:22 # Isaiah 28:22 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** ye, I · **What happens:** not be, make, determine, hear · **To what, where:** scoffers, bands, extermination This is Isaiah 28:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — ye, I — and what happens in the verse to scoffers, bands, extermination, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּה֙ אַל־תִּתְלוֹצָ֔צוּ פֶּֽן־יֶחְזְק֖וּ מֽוֹסְרֵיכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־כָלָ֨ה וְנֶחֱרָצָ֜ה שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי מֵאֵ֨ת אֲדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֛ה צְבָא֖וֹת עַל־כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ [Now therefore be ye not scoffers, lest your bands be made strong; for an extermination wholly determined have I heard from the Lord, the GOD of hosts, upon the whole land.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.582/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:531 # text = וְעַתָּה֙ אַל־תִּתְלוֹצָ֔צוּ פֶּֽן־יֶחְזְק֖וּ מֽוֹסְרֵיכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־כָלָ֨ה וְנֶחֱרָצָ֜ה שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי מֵאֵ֨ת אֲדֹנָ֧י יְהוִ֛ה צְבָא֖וֹת עַל־כָּל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃ # verse = ISA.28.22 1-2 וְעַתָּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_28:22!1|MId=o230280220011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּה֙ עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=ISA_28:22!1|MId=o230280220012|Strong=6258 3 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=do.not|Ref=ISA_28:22!2|MId=o230280220021|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 4 תִּתְלוֹצָ֔צוּ לִיץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPOLEL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=show.yourself.a.mocker|Ref=ISA_28:22!3|MId=o230280220031|Strong=3887b|Frame=A0:230280140082;|Type=jussive 5 פֶּֽן־ פֶּן SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=lest|Ref=ISA_28:22!4|MId=o230280220041|Strong=6435|SpaceAfter=No 6 יֶחְזְק֖וּ חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=they.should.become.strong|Ref=ISA_28:22!5|MId=o230280220051|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:230280220061;|Type=yiqtol 7-8 מֽוֹסְרֵיכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מֽוֹסְרֵי מוֹסֵר NOUN _ Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ Gloss=fetters|Ref=ISA_28:22!6|MId=o230280220061|Strong=4147 8 כֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_28:22!6|MId=o230280220062|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 9 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_28:22!7|MId=o230280220071|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 10 כָלָ֨ה כָּלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=complete.destruction|Ref=ISA_28:22!8|MId=o230280220081|Strong=3617 11-12 וְנֶחֱרָצָ֜ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_28:22!9|MId=o230280220091|Strong=2050b 12 נֶחֱרָצָ֜ה חָרַץ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 10 conj _ Gloss=[that.which.has.been].determined|Ref=ISA_28:22!9|MId=o230280220092|Strong=2782|Frame=A1:230280220081;|Type=participle_active 13 שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 advcl _ Gloss=I.have.heard|Ref=ISA_28:22!10|MId=o230280220101|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:230200020061;A1:230280220081;|Type=qatal 14-15 מֵאֵ֨ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_28:22!11|MId=o230280220111|Strong=4480 15 אֵ֨ת אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ISA_28:22!11|MId=o230280220112|Strong=0854 16-17 אֲדֹנָ֧י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 obl _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=ISA_28:22!12|MId=o230280220121|Strong=0136 17 ָ֧י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=ISA_28:22!12|MId=o230280220122|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18 יְהוִ֛ה יְהֹוִה PROPN _ _ 16 appos _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_28:22!13|MId=o230280220131|Strong=3069 19 צְבָא֖וֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ISA_28:22!14|MId=o230280220141|Strong=6635 20 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ISA_28:22!15|MId=o230280220151|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 21 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_28:22!16|MId=o230280220161|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הָאָֽרֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_28:22!17|MId=o230280220171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 אָֽרֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=land|Ref=ISA_28:22!17|MId=o230280220172|Strong=0776 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=ISA_28:22!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: speech with no frame - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** תִּתְלוֹצָצוּ *show yourself a mocker* | jussive · hithpolel | | | | | | יֶחְזְקוּ *they should become strong* | yiqtol · qal | מֽוֹסְרֵי *fetters* | | | | | נֶחֱרָצָה *\[that which has been\] determined* | participle active · niphal | | כָלָה *complete destruction* | | | | שָׁמַעְתִּי *I have heard* | qatal · qal | | כָלָה *complete destruction* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְעַן לָא תִתְרַשְׁעוּן דִלְמָא יִתְקְפוּן יְסוּרֵיכוֹן אֲרֵי גְמִירָא וְשֵׁיצָאָה שְׁמָעִית מִן קֳדָם יְיָ אֱלֹהִים צְבָאוֹת עַל כָּל יָתְבֵי אַרְעָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now therefore be ye not scoffers, lest your bands be made strong; for an extermination wholly determined have I heard from the Lord, the GOD of hosts, upon the whole land.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.582/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:531`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 28:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.21/) - next →: [Isaiah 28:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.28.23/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/28/)