--- title: Isaiah 37:14 — And Hezekiah received the letter from the hand of the messengers, an… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Hezekiah received the letter from the hand of the messengers, and read it; and Hezekiah went up unto the house of the LORD, and spread it before the LORD. Who acts: Hezekiah. Isaiah 37:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.37.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/37/) / 37:14 # Isaiah 37:14 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Hezekiah · **What happens:** receive, read, go up, spread · **To what, where:** letter, hand This is Isaiah 37:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Hezekiah — and what happens in the verse to letter, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקַּ֨ח חִזְקִיָּ֧הוּ אֶת־הַסְּפָרִ֛ים מִיַּ֥ד הַמַּלְאָכִ֖ים וַיִּקְרָאֵ֑הוּ וַיַּ֙עַל֙ בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וַיִּפְרְשֵׂ֥הוּ חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ [And Hezekiah received the letter from the hand of the messengers, and read it; and Hezekiah went up unto the house of the LORD, and spread it before the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.774/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:711 # text = וַיִּקַּ֨ח חִזְקִיָּ֧הוּ אֶת־הַסְּפָרִ֛ים מִיַּ֥ד הַמַּלְאָכִ֖ים וַיִּקְרָאֵ֑הוּ וַיַּ֙עַל֙ בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וַיִּפְרְשֵׂ֥הוּ חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = ISA.37.14 1-2 וַיִּקַּ֨ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_37:14!1|MId=o230370140011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקַּ֨ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=ISA_37:14!1|MId=o230370140012|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:230370140021;A1:230370140042;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 חִזְקִיָּ֧הוּ חִזְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Hezekiah|Ref=ISA_37:14!2|MId=o230370140021|Strong=2396a 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ISA_37:14!3|MId=o230370140031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 הַסְּפָרִ֛ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_37:14!4|MId=o230370140041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 סְּפָרִ֛ים סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=letters|Ref=ISA_37:14!4|MId=o230370140042|Strong=5612 7-8 מִיַּ֥ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_37:14!5|MId=o230370140051|Strong=4480 8 יַּ֥ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=ISA_37:14!5|MId=o230370140052|Strong=3027 9-10 הַמַּלְאָכִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ISA_37:14!6|MId=o230370140061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 מַּלְאָכִ֖ים מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.messengers|Ref=ISA_37:14!6|MId=o230370140062|Strong=4397 11-13 וַיִּקְרָאֵ֑הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_37:14!7|MId=o230370140071|Strong=2050b 12 יִּקְרָא קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=ISA_37:14!7|MId=o230370140072|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:230370140021;A1:230370140073;|Type=wayyiqtol 13 ֵ֑הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=read.it|Ref=ISA_37:14!7|MId=o230370140073|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 14-15 וַיַּ֙עַל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_37:14!8|MId=o230370140081|Strong=2050b 15 יַּ֙עַל֙ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went.up|Ref=ISA_37:14!8|MId=o230370140082|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:230370140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=ISA_37:14!9|MId=o230370140091|Strong=1004 17 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=ISA_37:14!10|MId=o230370140101|Strong=3068 18-20 וַיִּפְרְשֵׂ֥הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_37:14!11|MId=o230370140111|Strong=2050b 19 יִּפְרְשׂ פָּרַשׂ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=ISA_37:14!11|MId=o230370140112|Strong=6566|Frame=A1:230370140113;A0:230370140121;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 ֵ֥הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ Gloss=spread.it.out|Ref=ISA_37:14!11|MId=o230370140113|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 21 חִזְקִיָּ֖הוּ חִזְקִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Hezekiah|Ref=ISA_37:14!12|MId=o230370140121|Strong=2396a 22-23 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=ISA_37:14!13|MId=o230370140131|Strong=3807a 23 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_37:14!13|MId=o230370140132|Strong=6440 24 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_37:14!14|MId=o230370140141|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=ISA_37:14!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | חִזְקִיָּהוּ *Hezekiah* | סְּפָרִים *letters* | | | | יִּקְרָא *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | חִזְקִיָּהוּ *Hezekiah* | ֵהוּ *read it* | | | | יַּעַל *he went up* | wayyiqtol · qal | חִזְקִיָּהוּ *Hezekiah* | | | | | יִּפְרְשׂ *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | חִזְקִיָּהוּ *Hezekiah* | ֵהוּ *spread it out* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּנְסִיב חִזְקִיָה יַת אִגַרְתָּא מִיַד אִזְגַדַיָא וּקְרָא חֲדָא מִנְהוֹן וּסְלִיק לְבֵית מַקְדְשָׁא דַייָ וּפַרְסֵהּ חִזְקִיָה קֳדָם יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Hezekiah received the letter from the hand of the messengers, and read it; and Hezekiah went up unto the house of the LORD, and spread it before the LORD.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.774/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:711`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 37:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.37.13/) - next →: [Isaiah 37:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.37.15/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/37/)