--- title: Isaiah 37:38 — And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sarezer his sons smote him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Ararat. And Esarhaddon his son reigned in his stead. Who acts: king, Adrammelech, Esarhaddon. Isaiah 37:38 in Hebrew with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.37.38/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/37/) / 37:38 # Isaiah 37:38 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** king, Adrammelech, Esarhaddon · **What happens:** come, pass, worship, smite, escape, reign · **To what, where:** camp, house, king, land, stead This is Isaiah 37:38 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, Adrammelech, Esarhaddon — and what happens in the verse to camp, house, king, land, stead, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִי֩ ה֨וּא מִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֜ה בֵּ֣ית ׀ נִסְרֹ֣ךְ אֱלֹהָ֗יו וְֽאַדְרַמֶּ֨לֶךְ וְשַׂרְאֶ֤צֶר בָּנָיו֙ הִכֻּ֣הוּ בַחֶ֔רֶב וְהֵ֥מָּה נִמְלְט֖וּ אֶ֣רֶץ אֲרָרָ֑ט וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ אֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ןאֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ן בְּנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃ס [And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sarezer his sons smote him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Ararat.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.801/) [And Esarhaddon his son reigned in his stead.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.802/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:735 # text = וַיְהִי֩ ה֨וּא מִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֜ה בֵּ֣ית ׀ נִסְרֹ֣ךְ אֱלֹהָ֗יו וְֽאַדְרַמֶּ֨לֶךְ וְשַׂרְאֶ֤צֶר בָּנָיו֙ הִכֻּ֣הוּ בַחֶ֔רֶב וְהֵ֥מָּה נִמְלְט֖וּ אֶ֣רֶץ אֲרָרָ֑ט וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ אֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ןאֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ן בְּנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃ס # verse = ISA.37.38 1-2 וַיְהִי֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_37:38!1|MId=o230370380011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֩ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=ISA_37:38!1|MId=o230370380012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ה֨וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=ISA_37:38!2|MId=o230370380021|Strong=1931|Type=personal 4 מִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֜ה חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].bowing.down|Ref=ISA_37:38!3|MId=o230370380031|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:230370380021;|Type=participle_active 5 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=ISA_37:38!4|MId=o230370380041|Strong=1004 6 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 5 punct _ Ref=ISA_37:38!4 7 נִסְרֹ֣ךְ נִסְרֹךְ PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Nisroch|Ref=ISA_37:38!5|MId=o230370380051|Strong=5268 8-9 אֱלֹהָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אֱלֹהָ֗י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 appos _ Gloss=god|Ref=ISA_37:38!6|MId=o230370380061|Strong=0430 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_37:38!6|MId=o230370380062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-11 וְֽאַדְרַמֶּ֨לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_37:38!7|MId=o230370380071|Strong=2050b 11 אַדְרַמֶּ֨לֶךְ אַדְרַמֶּלֶךְ PROPN _ _ 16 nsubj _ Gloss=Adrammelech|Ref=ISA_37:38!7|MId=o230370380072|Strong=0152a 12-13 וְשַׂרְאֶ֤צֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_37:38!8|MId=o230370380081|Strong=2050b 13 שַׂרְאֶ֤צֶר שַׁרְאֶצֶר PROPN _ _ 11 conj _ Gloss=Sharezer|Ref=ISA_37:38!8|MId=o230370380082|Strong=8272 14-15 בָּנָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בָּנָי בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 appos _ Gloss=sons|Ref=ISA_37:38!9|MId=o230370380091|Strong=1121 15 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_37:38!9|MId=o230370380092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-17 הִכֻּ֣הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 הִכֻּ֣ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=ISA_37:38!10|MId=o230370380101|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:230370380072;230370380082;A0:230370380102;|Type=qatal 17 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=struck.him.down|Ref=ISA_37:38!10|MId=o230370380102|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 18-20 בַחֶ֔רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ISA_37:38!11|MId=o230370380111|Strong=0871a 19 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_37:38!11|MId=o230370380111ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 חֶ֔רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=sword|Ref=ISA_37:38!11|MId=o230370380112|Strong=2719 21-22 וְהֵ֥מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_37:38!12|MId=o230370380121|Strong=2050b 22 הֵ֥מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=ISA_37:38!12|MId=o230370380122|Strong=1992|Type=personal 23 נִמְלְט֖וּ מָלַט VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.escaped|Ref=ISA_37:38!13|MId=o230370380131|Strong=4422|Frame=A0:230370380122;|Type=qatal 24 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=ISA_37:38!14|MId=o230370380141|Strong=0776 25 אֲרָרָ֑ט אֲרָרַט PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ararat|Ref=ISA_37:38!15|MId=o230370380151|Strong=0780 26-27 וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_37:38!16|MId=o230370380161|Strong=2050b 27 יִּמְלֹ֛ךְ מָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.became.king|Ref=ISA_37:38!16|MId=o230370380162|Strong=4427|Frame=A0:230370380171;|Type=wayyiqtol 28-29 אֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ןאֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 אֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ן אֵסַר־חַדֹּן PROPN _ _ 27 nsubj _ Gloss=Esarhaddon|Ref=ISA_37:38!17|MId=o230370380171 29 אֵֽסַר־חַדֹּ֥ן אֵסַרחַדּוֹן PROPN _ _ 28 appos _ Gloss=Esarhaddon|Ref=ISA_37:38!18|MId=o230370380181 30-31 בְּנ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 appos _ Gloss=son|Ref=ISA_37:38!19|MId=o230370380191|Strong=1121 31 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_37:38!19|MId=o230370380192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32-33 תַּחְתָּֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 תַּחְתָּֽי תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 27 obl _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_37:38!20|MId=o230370380201|Strong=8478 33 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=place.of.him|Ref=ISA_37:38!20|MId=o230370380202|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=ISA_37:38!20|SpaceAfter=No 35 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=ISA_37:38!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶה *\[was\] bowing down* | participle active | הוּא *he* | | | | | הִכֻּ *they* | qatal · hiphil | הוּ *struck him down* | | | אַדְרַמֶּלֶךְ *Adrammelech* + שַׂרְאֶצֶר *Sharezer* | | נִמְלְטוּ *they escaped* | qatal · niphal | הֵמָּה *they* | | | | | יִּמְלֹךְ *he became king* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵֽסַר־חַדֹּן *Esarhaddon* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה הוּא סָגִיד בֵּית נִסְרוֹךְ טַעֲוָתֵהּ וְאַדַרְמֶלֶךְ וְשַׁרְאֶצַר בְנוֹהִי קַטְלוֹהִי בְּחַרְבָּא וְאִינוּן אִשְׁתֵּזֵבוּ לְאַרְעָא קַרְדוּ וּמְלַךְ אַסַרְחַדוֹן בְּרֵיהּ תְּחוֹתוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sarezer his sons smote him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Ararat.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.801/) 2. [And Esarhaddon his son reigned in his stead.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.802/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:735`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 37:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.37.37/) - next →: [Isaiah 38:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.38.1/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/37/)