--- title: Isaiah 38:17 — Behold, for my peace I had great bitterness; but Thou hast in love t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Behold, for my peace I had great bitterness; but Thou hast in love to my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption; for Thou hast cast all my sins behind Thy back. Who acts: I, Thou, my. Isaiah 38:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.38.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/38/) / 38:17 # Isaiah 38:17 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, Thou, my · **What happens:** have, deliver, cast, pacify · **To what, where:** great bitterness, bitterness, love, sins, back This is Isaiah 38:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, Thou, my — and what happens in the verse to great bitterness, bitterness, love, sins, back, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִנֵּ֥ה לְשָׁל֖וֹם מַר־לִ֣י מָ֑ר וְאַתָּ֞ה חָשַׁ֤קְתָּ נַפְשִׁי֙ מִשַּׁ֣חַת בְּלִ֔י כִּ֥י הִשְׁלַ֛כְתָּ אַחֲרֵ֥י גֵוְךָ֖ כָּל־חֲטָאָֽי׃ [Behold, for my peace I had great bitterness; but Thou hast in love to my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption; for Thou hast cast all my sins behind Thy back.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.822/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:752 # text = הִנֵּ֥ה לְשָׁל֖וֹם מַר־לִ֣י מָ֑ר וְאַתָּ֞ה חָשַׁ֤קְתָּ נַפְשִׁי֙ מִשַּׁ֣חַת בְּלִ֔י כִּ֥י הִשְׁלַ֛כְתָּ אַחֲרֵ֥י גֵוְךָ֖ כָּל־חֲטָאָֽי׃ # verse = ISA.38.17 1 הִנֵּ֥ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 7 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=ISA_38:17!1|MId=o230380170011|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 2-3 לְשָׁל֖וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_38:17!2|MId=o230380170021|Strong=3807a 3 שָׁל֖וֹם שָׁלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=welfare|Ref=ISA_38:17!2|MId=o230380170022|Strong=7965 4 מַר־ מרר ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ Gloss=bitterness|Ref=ISA_38:17!3|MId=o230380170031|Strong=4751|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 לִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 ל לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_38:17!4|MId=o230380170041|Strong=3807a 6 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=ISA_38:17!4|MId=o230380170042|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 7 מָ֑ר מַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was.bitter|Ref=ISA_38:17!5|MId=o230380170051|Strong=4843|Frame=A0:230380170031;|Type=qatal 8-9 וְאַתָּ֞ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_38:17!6|MId=o230380170061|Strong=2050b 9 אַתָּ֞ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_38:17!6|MId=o230380170062|Strong=0859|Type=personal 10 חָשַׁ֤קְתָּ חָשַׁק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 conj _ Gloss=you.loved|Ref=ISA_38:17!7|MId=o230380170071|Strong=2836|Frame=A0:230380170062;A1:230380170081;|Type=qatal 11-12 נַפְשִׁי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=life|Ref=ISA_38:17!8|MId=o230380170081|Strong=5315 12 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ISA_38:17!8|MId=o230380170082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 13-14 מִשַּׁ֣חַת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=ISA_38:17!9|MId=o230380170091|Strong=4480 14 שַּׁ֣חַת שַׁחַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=pit|Ref=ISA_38:17!9|MId=o230380170092|Strong=7845 15 בְּלִ֔י בְּלִי NOUN _ _ 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.destruction|Ref=ISA_38:17!10|MId=o230380170101|Strong=1097|Type=negative 16 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_38:17!11|MId=o230380170111|Strong=3588 17 הִשְׁלַ֛כְתָּ שָׁלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 advcl _ Gloss=you.threw.away|Ref=ISA_38:17!12|MId=o230380170121|Strong=7993|Frame=AA:230380160011;A0:230380170161;|Type=qatal 18 אַחֲרֵ֥י אַחַר ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=behind|Ref=ISA_38:17!13|MId=o230380170131|Strong=0310 19-20 גֵוְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 גֵו גֵּו NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=back|Ref=ISA_38:17!14|MId=o230380170141|Strong=1460 20 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_38:17!14|MId=o230380170142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 21 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_38:17!15|MId=o230380170151|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 חֲטָאָֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 חֲטָא חֵטְא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=sins|Ref=ISA_38:17!16|MId=o230380170161|Strong=2399 23 ָֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ISA_38:17!16|MId=o230380170162|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=ISA_38:17!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מָר *it was bitter* | qatal · qal | מַר־ *bitterness* | | | | | חָשַׁקְתָּ *you loved* | qatal · qal | אַתָּה *you* | נַפְשׁ *life* | | | | הִשְׁלַכְתָּ *you threw away* | qatal · hiphil | חֲטָא *sins* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הָא לְעָבְדֵי אוֹרַיְתָא סַגִי שְׁלָמָא קָדָמָךְ וְאַתְּ מַיְיתֵי מְרִירָא לְרַשִׁיעַיָא בְּכֵן כַּד יְדָעִית יוֹם מוֹתִי שְׁפָכִית דִמְעֲתִי בִּצְלוֹ קֳדָמָךְ מַר לִי סַגִי וְאַתְּ אִתְרְעֵיתָא בְּחַיֵי בְּדִיל דְלָא לְחַבָּלָא נַפְשִׁי אֲרֵי אַרְחֵיקְתָּא מִן קֳדָמָךְ כָּל חֲטָאָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Behold, for my peace I had great bitterness; but Thou hast in love to my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption; for Thou hast cast all my sins behind Thy back.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.822/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:752`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 38:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.38.16/) - next →: [Isaiah 38:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.38.18/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/38/)