--- title: Isaiah 40:2 — Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of se… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of service is accomplished, that her guilt is paid off; that she hath received of the LORD'S hand double for all her sins. Who acts: you, Jerusalem. Isaiah 40:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragma --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/40/) / 40:2 # Isaiah 40:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** you, Jerusalem · **What happens:** bid, take, proclaim, accomplish, pay off, receive · **To what, where:** heart, time, guilt, double This is Isaiah 40:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, Jerusalem — and what happens in the verse to heart, time, guilt, double, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. דַּבְּר֞וּ עַל־לֵ֤ב יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וְקִרְא֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יהָ כִּ֤י מָֽלְאָה֙ צְבָאָ֔הּ כִּ֥י נִרְצָ֖ה עֲוֺנָ֑הּ כִּ֤י לָקְחָה֙ מִיַּ֣ד יְהוָ֔ה כִּפְלַ֖יִם בְּכָל־חַטֹּאתֶֽיהָ׃ס [Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of service is accomplished, that her guilt is paid off; that she hath received of the LORD'S hand double for all her sins.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.837/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:767 # text = דַּבְּר֞וּ עַל־לֵ֤ב יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ וְקִרְא֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יהָ כִּ֤י מָֽלְאָה֙ צְבָאָ֔הּ כִּ֥י נִרְצָ֖ה עֲוֺנָ֑הּ כִּ֤י לָקְחָה֙ מִיַּ֣ד יְהוָ֔ה כִּפְלַ֖יִם בְּכָל־חַטֹּאתֶֽיהָ׃ס # verse = ISA.40.2 1 דַּבְּר֞וּ דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=speak|Ref=ISA_40:2!1|MId=o230400020011|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:;|Type=imperative 2 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_40:2!2|MId=o230400020021|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 3 לֵ֤ב לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=the.heart|Ref=ISA_40:2!3|MId=o230400020031|Strong=3820 4 יְרֽוּשָׁלִַ֙ם֙ יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jerusalem|Ref=ISA_40:2!4|MId=o230400020041|Strong=3389 5-6 וְקִרְא֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_40:2!5|MId=o230400020051|Strong=2050b 6 קִרְא֣וּ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=proclaim|Ref=ISA_40:2!5|MId=o230400020052|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:;A1:230400020081;230400020111;230400020141;|Type=imperative 7-8 אֵלֶ֔יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 אֵלֶ֔י אֶל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_40:2!6|MId=o230400020061|Strong=0413 8 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ISA_40:2!6|MId=o230400020062|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 9 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=ISA_40:2!7|MId=o230400020071|Strong=3588 10 מָֽלְאָה֙ מָלֵא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 ccomp _ Gloss=it.has.been.completed|Ref=ISA_40:2!8|MId=o230400020081|Strong=4390|Frame=A0:230400020091;|Type=qatal 11-12 צְבָאָ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 צְבָא צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=service|Ref=ISA_40:2!9|MId=o230400020091|Strong=6635 12 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_40:2!9|MId=o230400020092|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 13 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=ISA_40:2!10|MId=o230400020101|Strong=3588 14 נִרְצָ֖ה רָצָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 parataxis _ Gloss=it.has.been.accepted|Ref=ISA_40:2!11|MId=o230400020111|Strong=7521a|Frame=A1:230400020121;|Type=qatal 15-16 עֲוֺנָ֑הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 עֲוֺנ עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=iniquity|Ref=ISA_40:2!12|MId=o230400020121|Strong=5771 16 ָ֑הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_40:2!12|MId=o230400020122|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 17 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=ISA_40:2!13|MId=o230400020131|Strong=3588 18 לָקְחָה֙ לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 10 parataxis _ Gloss=it.has.received|Ref=ISA_40:2!14|MId=o230400020141|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:230400020041;A1:230400020171;|Type=qatal 19-20 מִיַּ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_40:2!15|MId=o230400020151|Strong=4480 20 יַּ֣ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=ISA_40:2!15|MId=o230400020152|Strong=3027 21 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=ISA_40:2!16|MId=o230400020161|Strong=3068 22 כִּפְלַ֖יִם כֶּפֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 18 obj _ Gloss=double|Ref=ISA_40:2!17|MId=o230400020171|Strong=3718 23-24 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_40:2!18|MId=o230400020181|Strong=0871a 24 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_40:2!18|MId=o230400020182|Strong=3605 25-26 חַטֹּאתֶֽיהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 חַטֹּאתֶֽי חַטָּאת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=sins|Ref=ISA_40:2!19|MId=o230400020191|Strong=2403 26 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_40:2!19|MId=o230400020192|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=ISA_40:2!19|SpaceAfter=No 28 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=ISA_40:2!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | דַּבְּרוּ *speak* | imperative · piel | | | | | | קִרְאוּ *proclaim* | imperative · qal | | מָֽלְאָה *it has been completed* + נִרְצָה *it has been accepted* + לָקְחָה *it has received* | | | | מָֽלְאָה *it has been completed* | qatal · qal | צְבָא *service* | | | | | נִרְצָה *it has been accepted* | qatal · niphal | | עֲוֺנ *iniquity* | | | | לָקְחָה *it has received* | qatal · qal | יְרֽוּשָׁלִַם *of Jerusalem* | כִּפְלַיִם *double* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מַלִילוּ עַל לִבָּא דִירוּשְׁלֵם וְאִתְנַבּוּ עֲלָהּ אֲרֵי עֲתִידָא דְתִתְמְלֵי מֵעַם גַלְוָתָהָא אֲרֵי אִישְׁתְּבִיקוּ לָהּ חוֹבָהָא אֲרֵי קַבִּילַת כָּס תַּנְחוּמִין מִן קֳדָם יְיָ כְּאִלוּ לָקַת עַל חַד תְּרֵין בְּכָל חַטָאתָהָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Bid Jerusalem take heart, and proclaim unto her, that her time of service is accomplished, that her guilt is paid off; that she hath received of the LORD'S hand double for all her sins.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.837/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:767`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 40:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.1/) - next →: [Isaiah 40:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.3/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/40/)