--- title: Isaiah 40:22 — It is He that sitteth above the circle of the earth, and the inhabit… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: It is He that sitteth above the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in; Who acts: earth, inhabitants. Isaiah 40:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/40/) / 40:22 # Isaiah 40:22 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** earth, inhabitants · **What happens:** be, sit, stretch out, spread out, dwell · **To what, where:** goldsmith, circle, heavens, inhabitants This is Isaiah 40:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — earth, inhabitants — and what happens in the verse to goldsmith, circle, heavens, inhabitants, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַיֹּשֵׁב֙ עַל־ח֣וּג הָאָ֔רֶץ וְיֹשְׁבֶ֖יהָ כַּחֲגָבִ֑ים הַנּוֹטֶ֤ה כַדֹּק֙ שָׁמַ֔יִם וַיִּמְתָּחֵ֥ם כָּאֹ֖הֶל לָשָֽׁבֶת׃ [It is He that sitteth above the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.861/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:787 # text = הַיֹּשֵׁב֙ עַל־ח֣וּג הָאָ֔רֶץ וְיֹשְׁבֶ֖יהָ כַּחֲגָבִ֑ים הַנּוֹטֶ֤ה כַדֹּק֙ שָׁמַ֔יִם וַיִּמְתָּחֵ֥ם כָּאֹ֖הֶל לָשָֽׁבֶת׃ # verse = ISA.40.22 1-2 הַיֹּשֵׁב֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=the.[one|Ref=ISA_40:22!1|MId=o230400220011|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 2 יֹּשֵׁב֙ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=who].sits|Ref=ISA_40:22!1|MId=o230400220012|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:230400180041;|Type=participle_active 3 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=above|Ref=ISA_40:22!2|MId=o230400220021|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 4 ח֣וּג חוּג NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.circle|Ref=ISA_40:22!3|MId=o230400220031|Strong=2329 5-6 הָאָ֔רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ISA_40:22!4|MId=o230400220041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.earth|Ref=ISA_40:22!4|MId=o230400220042|Strong=0776 7-9 וְיֹשְׁבֶ֖יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_40:22!5|MId=o230400220051|Strong=2050b 8 יֹשְׁבֶ֖י יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 11 nsubj _ Gloss=inhabitants|Ref=ISA_40:22!5|MId=o230400220052|Strong=3427|Type=participle_active 9 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_40:22!5|MId=o230400220053|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 10-11 כַּחֲגָבִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=[are].like|Ref=ISA_40:22!6|MId=o230400220061|Strong=3509a 11 חֲגָבִ֑ים חָגָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=grasshoppers|Ref=ISA_40:22!6|MId=o230400220062|Strong=2284 12-13 הַנּוֹטֶ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=the.[one|Ref=ISA_40:22!7|MId=o230400220071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 נּוֹטֶ֤ה נָטָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 parataxis _ Gloss=who].stretched.out|Ref=ISA_40:22!7|MId=o230400220072|Strong=5186|Frame=A0:230400180041;A1:230400220091;|Type=participle_active 14-16 כַדֹּק֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 כַ כְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_40:22!8|MId=o230400220081|Strong=3509a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ISA_40:22!8|MId=o230400220081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 דֹּק֙ דֹּק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=curtain|Ref=ISA_40:22!8|MId=o230400220082|Strong=1852 17 שָׁמַ֔יִם שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 13 obj _ Gloss=[the].heavens|Ref=ISA_40:22!9|MId=o230400220091|Strong=8064 18-20 וַיִּמְתָּחֵ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_40:22!10|MId=o230400220101|Strong=2050b 19 יִּמְתָּח מָתַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=ISA_40:22!10|MId=o230400220102|Strong=4969|Frame=A0:230400180041;A1:230400220103;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 ֵ֥ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ Gloss=spread.them.out|Ref=ISA_40:22!10|MId=o230400220103|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 21-23 כָּאֹ֖הֶל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 כָּ כְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_40:22!11|MId=o230400220111|Strong=3509a 22 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ISA_40:22!11|MId=o230400220111ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 אֹ֖הֶל אֹהֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=tent|Ref=ISA_40:22!11|MId=o230400220112|Strong=0168 24-25 לָשָֽׁבֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_40:22!12|MId=o230400220121|Strong=3807a 25 שָֽׁבֶת יָשַׁב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 19 advcl _ Gloss=dwell.in|Ref=ISA_40:22!12|MId=o230400220122|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:230400180041;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=ISA_40:22!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּשֵׁב *who\] sits* | participle active · qal | | | | | | נּוֹטֶה *who\] stretched out* | participle active · qal | | שָׁמַיִם *\[the\] heavens* | | | | יִּמְתָּח *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | | ֵם *spread them out* | | | | שָֽׁבֶת *dwell in* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} דְאַשְׁרֵי בִּתְקוֹף רוּמָא שְׁכִינַת יְקָרֵהּ וְכָל יַתְבֵי אַרְעָא חֲשִׁיבִין קֳדָמוֹהִי כְּקַמְצִין דְמָתַח כִּזְעֵיר שְׁמַיָא וּפַרְסִינוּן כְּמַשְׁכַּן יְקָרָא לְבֵית שְׁכִינְתָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [It is He that sitteth above the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.861/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:787`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 40:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.21/) - next →: [Isaiah 40:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.40.23/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/40/)