--- title: Isaiah 41:15 — Behold, I make thee a new threshing-sledge having sharp teeth; thou… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Behold, I make thee a new threshing-sledge having sharp teeth; thou shalt thresh the mountains, and beat them small, and shalt make the hills as chaff. Who acts: I, new threshing sledge, thou. Isaiah 41:15 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clau --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/41/) / 41:15 # Isaiah 41:15 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, new threshing sledge, thou · **What happens:** make, have, thresh, beat · **To what, where:** new threshing sledge, thee, sharp teeth, mountains, hills This is Isaiah 41:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, new threshing sledge, thou — and what happens in the verse to new threshing sledge, thee, sharp teeth, mountains, hills, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הִנֵּ֣ה שַׂמְתִּ֗יךְ לְמוֹרַג֙ חָר֣וּץ חָדָ֔שׁ בַּ֖עַל פִּֽיפִיּ֑וֹת תָּד֤וּשׁ הָרִים֙ וְתָדֹ֔ק וּגְבָע֖וֹת כַּמֹּ֥ץ תָּשִֽׂים׃ [Behold, I make thee a new threshing-sledge having sharp teeth; thou shalt thresh the mountains, and beat them small, and shalt make the hills as chaff.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.890/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:811 # text = הִנֵּ֣ה שַׂמְתִּ֗יךְ לְמוֹרַג֙ חָר֣וּץ חָדָ֔שׁ בַּ֖עַל פִּֽיפִיּ֑וֹת תָּד֤וּשׁ הָרִים֙ וְתָדֹ֔ק וּגְבָע֖וֹת כַּמֹּ֥ץ תָּשִֽׂים׃ # verse = ISA.41.15 1 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 2 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=ISA_41:15!1|MId=o230410150011|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 2-3 שַׂמְתִּ֗יךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 שַׂמְתִּ֗י שׂים VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I|Ref=ISA_41:15!2|MId=o230410150021|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:230410140112;A1:230410150022;|Type=qatal 3 ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=will.make.you|Ref=ISA_41:15!2|MId=o230410150022|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 4-5 לְמוֹרַג֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(into).a|Ref=ISA_41:15!3|MId=o230410150031|Strong=3807a 5 מוֹרַג֙ מוֹרַג NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=threshing-sledge|Ref=ISA_41:15!3|MId=o230410150032|Strong=4173 6 חָר֣וּץ חָרוּץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=sharp|Ref=ISA_41:15!4|MId=o230410150041|Strong=2742b 7 חָדָ֔שׁ חָדָשׁ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 amod _ Gloss=new|Ref=ISA_41:15!5|MId=o230410150051|Strong=2319|Type=adjective 8 בַּ֖עַל בַּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=an.owner|Ref=ISA_41:15!6|MId=o230410150061|Strong=1167 9 פִּֽיפִיּ֑וֹת פִּיפִיֹּות NOUN _ Number=Plur 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.edges|Ref=ISA_41:15!7|MId=o230410150071|Strong=6374 10 תָּד֤וּשׁ דּוּשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.thresh|Ref=ISA_41:15!8|MId=o230410150081|Strong=1758|Frame=A0:230410140131;A1:230410150091;|Type=yiqtol 11 הָרִים֙ הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obj _ Gloss=mountains|Ref=ISA_41:15!9|MId=o230410150091|Strong=2022 12-13 וְתָדֹ֔ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_41:15!10|MId=o230410150101|Strong=2050b 13 תָדֹ֔ק דָּקַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.crush.[them]|Ref=ISA_41:15!10|MId=o230410150102|Strong=1854|Frame=A0:230410140131;A1:230410150091;|Type=yiqtol 14-15 וּגְבָע֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_41:15!11|MId=o230410150111|Strong=2050b 15 גְבָע֖וֹת גִּבְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 19 obj _ Gloss=hills|Ref=ISA_41:15!11|MId=o230410150112|Strong=1389 16-18 כַּמֹּ֥ץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_41:15!12|MId=o230410150121|Strong=3509a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ISA_41:15!12|MId=o230410150121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 מֹּ֥ץ מֹץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=chaff|Ref=ISA_41:15!12|MId=o230410150122|Strong=4671 19 תָּשִֽׂים שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.will.make|Ref=ISA_41:15!13|MId=o230410150131|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:230410140131;A1:230410150112;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=ISA_41:15!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שַׂמְתִּי *I* | qatal · qal | | ךְ *will make you* | | | | תָּדוּשׁ *you will thresh* | yiqtol · qal | | הָרִים *mountains* | | | | תָדֹק *you will crush \[them\]* | yiqtol · qal | | הָרִים *mountains* | | | | תָּשִֽׂים *you will make* | yiqtol · qal | | גְבָעוֹת *hills* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הָא שַׁוִיתֵיכוֹן לְמוֹרַג תַּקִיף חֲדַת מָלֵי סִמְפּוֹרִין תְּקָטֵיל פַּלְחֵי כּוֹכְבַיָא וּתְשֵׁיצֵי וּמַלְכוּתָא כְּמוֹצָא תְשַׁוֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Behold, I make thee a new threshing-sledge having sharp teeth; thou shalt thresh the mountains, and beat them small, and shalt make the hills as chaff.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.890/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:811`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 41:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.14/) - next →: [Isaiah 41:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.41.16/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/41/)