--- title: Isaiah 43:2 — When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee, and throu… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee, and through the rivers, they shall not overflow thee; when thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned, neither shall the flame kindle upon thee. Who acts: thou, I, rivers, flame. Isaiah 43:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, T --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.43.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/43/) / 43:2 # Isaiah 43:2 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** thou, I, rivers, flame · **What happens:** pass, be, not overflow, walk, not burn, kindle · **To what, where:** waters, thee, rivers, fire, thou This is Isaiah 43:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, I, rivers, flame — and what happens in the verse to waters, thee, rivers, fire, thou, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּֽי־תַעֲבֹ֤ר בַּמַּ֙יִם֙ אִתְּךָ־אָ֔נִי וּבַנְּהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּךָ כִּֽי־תֵלֵ֤ךְ בְּמוֹ־אֵשׁ֙ לֹ֣א תִכָּוֶ֔ה וְלֶהָבָ֖ה לֹ֥א תִבְעַר־בָּֽךְ׃ [When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee, and through the rivers, they shall not overflow thee; when thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned, neither shall the flame kindle upon thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.939/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:852 # text = כִּֽי־תַעֲבֹ֤ר בַּמַּ֙יִם֙ אִתְּךָ־אָ֔נִי וּבַנְּהָר֖וֹת לֹ֣א יִשְׁטְפ֑וּךָ כִּֽי־תֵלֵ֤ךְ בְּמוֹ־אֵשׁ֙ לֹ֣א תִכָּוֶ֔ה וְלֶהָבָ֖ה לֹ֥א תִבְעַר־בָּֽךְ׃ # verse = ISA.43.2 1 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 2 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_43:2!1|MId=o230430020011|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 2 תַעֲבֹ֤ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=you.will.pass|Ref=ISA_43:2!2|MId=o230430020021|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:230430010081;|Type=yiqtol 3-5 בַּמַּ֙יִם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_43:2!3|MId=o230430020031|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_43:2!3|MId=o230430020031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 מַּ֙יִם֙ מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=waters|Ref=ISA_43:2!3|MId=o230430020032|Strong=4325 6-7 אִתְּךָ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=[will|Ref=ISA_43:2!4|MId=o230430020041|Strong=0854 7 ְךָ־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 parataxis _ Gloss=be].with.you|Ref=ISA_43:2!4|MId=o230430020042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8 אָ֔נִי אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=ISA_43:2!5|MId=o230430020051|Strong=0589|Type=personal 9-12 וּבַנְּהָר֖וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_43:2!6|MId=o230430020061|Strong=2050b 10 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_43:2!6|MId=o230430020062|Strong=0871a 11 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_43:2!6|MId=o230430020062ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 נְּהָר֖וֹת נָהָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=rivers|Ref=ISA_43:2!6|MId=o230430020063|Strong=5104 13 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_43:2!7|MId=o230430020071|Strong=3808|Type=negative 14-15 יִשְׁטְפ֑וּךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 יִשְׁטְפ֑וּ שָׁטַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they|Ref=ISA_43:2!8|MId=o230430020081|Strong=7857|Frame=A0:230430020064;A1:230430020082;|Type=yiqtol 15 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obj _ Gloss=will.overflow.you|Ref=ISA_43:2!8|MId=o230430020082|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 16 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 17 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_43:2!9|MId=o230430020091|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 17 תֵלֵ֤ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 21 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.walk|Ref=ISA_43:2!10|MId=o230430020101|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:230430010081;|Type=yiqtol 18 בְּמוֹ־ בְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_43:2!11|MId=o230430020111|Strong=1119|SpaceAfter=No 19 אֵשׁ֙ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=ISA_43:2!12|MId=o230430020121|Strong=0784 20 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_43:2!13|MId=o230430020131|Strong=3808|Type=negative 21 תִכָּוֶ֔ה כָּוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 parataxis _ Gloss=you.will.be.scorched|Ref=ISA_43:2!14|MId=o230430020141|Strong=3554|Frame=A1:230430010081;|Type=yiqtol 22-23 וְלֶהָבָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_43:2!15|MId=o230430020151|Strong=2050b 23 לֶהָבָ֖ה לֶהָבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=flame|Ref=ISA_43:2!15|MId=o230430020152|Strong=3852 24 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_43:2!16|MId=o230430020161|Strong=3808|Type=negative 25 תִבְעַר־ בָּעַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 21 conj _ Gloss=it.will.burn|Ref=ISA_43:2!17|MId=o230430020171|Strong=1197|Frame=A0:230430020152;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 בָּֽךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=ISA_43:2!18|MId=o230430020181|Strong=0871a 27 ָֽךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_43:2!18|MId=o230430020182|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=ISA_43:2!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes - indirect: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תַעֲבֹר *you will pass* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** יִשְׁטְפוּ *they* | yiqtol · qal | | ךָ *will overflow you* | | | | תֵלֵךְ *you will walk* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** תִכָּוֶה *you will be scorched* | yiqtol · niphal | | | | | | **not** תִבְעַר־ *it will burn* | yiqtol · qal | לֶהָבָה *flame* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי בְקַדְמֵיתָא כַּד עֲבַרְתּוּן בְיַמָא דְסוּף מֵימְרִי הֲוָה בְּסַעְדְכוֹן פַּרְעֹה וּמִצְרָאֵי דְסַגִיאִין כְּמֵי נַהֲרָא לָא יְכִילוּ לְכוֹן וְאַף בְּתִנְיָנֵיתָא כַּד תַּהֲכוּן לְבֵינֵי עַמְמַיָא דְתַקִיפוּן כְּאֶשְׁתָּא לָא יִכְלוּן לְכוֹן וּמַלְכְּוָן דַחֲסִינָן כְּשַׁלְהוֹבִיתָא לָא יְשֵׁיצוּן יַתְכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee, and through the rivers, they shall not overflow thee; when thou walkest through the fire, thou shalt not be burned, neither shall the flame kindle upon thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.939/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:852`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 43:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.43.1/) - next →: [Isaiah 43:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.43.3/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/43/)