--- title: Isaiah 44:11 — Behold, all the fellows thereof shall be ashamed; and the craftsmen… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Behold, all the fellows thereof shall be ashamed; and the craftsmen skilled above men; let them all be gathered together, let them stand up; they shall fear, they shall be ashamed together. Who acts: fellows. Isaiah 44:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmati --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/44/) / 44:11 # Isaiah 44:11 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** fellows · **What happens:** be, let, gather, stand up, fear · **To what, where:** fellows This is Isaiah 44:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — fellows — and what happens in the verse to fellows, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הֵ֤ן כָּל־חֲבֵרָיו֙ יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ וְחָרָשִׁ֥ים הֵ֖מָּה מֵֽאָדָ֑ם יִֽתְקַבְּצ֤וּ כֻלָּם֙ יַֽעֲמֹ֔דוּ יִפְחֲד֖וּ יֵבֹ֥שׁוּ יָֽחַד׃ [Behold, all the fellows thereof shall be ashamed; and the craftsmen skilled above men; let them all be gathered together, let them stand up; they shall fear, they shall be ashamed together.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.983/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:889 # text = הֵ֤ן כָּל־חֲבֵרָיו֙ יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ וְחָרָשִׁ֥ים הֵ֖מָּה מֵֽאָדָ֑ם יִֽתְקַבְּצ֤וּ כֻלָּם֙ יַֽעֲמֹ֔דוּ יִפְחֲד֖וּ יֵבֹ֥שׁוּ יָֽחַד׃ # verse = ISA.44.11 1 הֵ֤ן הֵן INTJ _ _ 5 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=ISA_44:11!1|MId=o230440110011|Strong=2005|Type=demonstrative 2 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_44:11!2|MId=o230440110021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 חֲבֵרָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 חֲבֵרָי חָבֵר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=companions|Ref=ISA_44:11!3|MId=o230440110031|Strong=2270 4 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_44:11!3|MId=o230440110032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 יֵבֹ֔שׁוּ בּוֹשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.be.ashamed|Ref=ISA_44:11!4|MId=o230440110041|Strong=0954|Frame=A0:230440110031;|Type=yiqtol 6-7 וְחָרָשִׁ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_44:11!5|MId=o230440110051|Strong=2050b 7 חָרָשִׁ֥ים חָרָשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 dislocated _ Gloss=craftsmen|Ref=ISA_44:11!5|MId=o230440110052|Strong=2796 8 הֵ֖מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=ISA_44:11!6|MId=o230440110061|Strong=1992|Type=personal 9-10 מֵֽאָדָ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[are].from|Ref=ISA_44:11!7|MId=o230440110071|Strong=4480 10 אָדָ֑ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=humankind|Ref=ISA_44:11!7|MId=o230440110072|Strong=0120 11 יִֽתְקַבְּצ֤וּ קָבַץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=let.them.gather.together|Ref=ISA_44:11!8|MId=o230440110081|Strong=6908|Frame=A0:230440110092;|Type=yiqtol 12-13 כֻלָּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 כֻלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=ISA_44:11!9|MId=o230440110091|Strong=3605 13 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_44:11!9|MId=o230440110092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 14 יַֽעֲמֹ֔דוּ עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=let.them.stand.up|Ref=ISA_44:11!10|MId=o230440110101|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:230440110031;230440110052;|Type=yiqtol 15 יִפְחֲד֖וּ פָּחַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=let.them.be.in.dread|Ref=ISA_44:11!11|MId=o230440110111|Strong=6342|Frame=A0:230440110031;230440110052;|Type=yiqtol 16 יֵבֹ֥שׁוּ בּוֹשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 parataxis _ Gloss=let.them.be.ashamed|Ref=ISA_44:11!12|MId=o230440110121|Strong=0954|Frame=A0:230440110031;230440110052;|Type=yiqtol 17 יָֽחַד יַחַד ADV _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 advmod _ Gloss=altogether|Ref=ISA_44:11!13|MId=o230440110131|Strong=3162|SpaceAfter=No 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=ISA_44:11!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵבֹשׁוּ *they will be ashamed* | yiqtol · qal | חֲבֵרָי *companions* | | | | | יִֽתְקַבְּצוּ *let them gather together* | yiqtol · hithpael | ָם *all* | | | | | יַֽעֲמֹדוּ *let them stand up* | yiqtol · qal | חֲבֵרָי *companions* + חָרָשִׁים *craftsmen* | | | | | יִפְחֲדוּ *let them be in dread* | yiqtol · qal | חֲבֵרָי *companions* + חָרָשִׁים *craftsmen* | | | | | יֵבֹשׁוּ *let them be ashamed* | yiqtol · qal | חֲבֵרָי *companions* + חָרָשִׁים *craftsmen* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הָא כָּל פָּלְחֵיהוֹן יִבָּהֲתוּן וְאוּמָנִין עוּבְדָנִין מִבְּנֵי אֱנָשָׁא יִתְכַּנְסוּן כּוּלְהוֹן יְקוּמוּן יִתַּבְּרוּן יִבַהֲתוּן כַּחֲדָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Behold, all the fellows thereof shall be ashamed; and the craftsmen skilled above men; let them all be gathered together, let them stand up; they shall fear, they shall be ashamed together.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.983/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:889`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 44:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.10/) - next →: [Isaiah 44:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.12/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/44/)