--- title: Isaiah 44:19 — And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor un… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say: 'I have burned the half of it in the fire; yea, also I have baked bread upon the coals thereof; I have roasted flesh and eaten it; and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination? Shall I fall down to the sto --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/44/) / 44:19 # Isaiah 44:19 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** none, I · **What happens:** consider, say, burn, bake, roast, eat · **To what, where:** heart, half, fire, bread, flesh, residue · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 44:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — none, I — and what happens in the verse to heart, half, fire, bread, flesh, residue, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְלֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אֶל־לִבּ֗וֹ וְלֹ֨א דַ֥עַת וְלֹֽא־תְבוּנָה֮ לֵאמֹר֒ חֶצְי֞וֹ שָׂרַ֣פְתִּי בְמוֹ־אֵ֗שׁ וְ֠אַף אָפִ֤יתִי עַל־גֶּחָלָיו֙ לֶ֔חֶם אֶצְלֶ֥ה בָשָׂ֖ר וְאֹכֵ֑ל וְיִתְרוֹ֙ לְתוֹעֵבָ֣ה אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה לְב֥וּל עֵ֖ץ אֶסְגּֽוֹד׃ [And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say: 'I have burned the half of it in the fire; yea, also I have baked bread upon the coals thereof; I have roasted flesh and eaten it; and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.991/) [Shall I fall down to the stock of a tree?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.992/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:897 # text = וְלֹא־יָשִׁ֣יב אֶל־לִבּ֗וֹ וְלֹ֨א דַ֥עַת וְלֹֽא־תְבוּנָה֮ לֵאמֹר֒ חֶצְי֞וֹ שָׂרַ֣פְתִּי בְמוֹ־אֵ֗שׁ וְ֠אַף אָפִ֤יתִי עַל־גֶּחָלָיו֙ לֶ֔חֶם אֶצְלֶ֥ה בָשָׂ֖ר וְאֹכֵ֑ל וְיִתְרוֹ֙ לְתוֹעֵבָ֣ה אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה לְב֥וּל עֵ֖ץ אֶסְגּֽוֹד׃ # verse = ISA.44.19 1-2 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_44:19!1|MId=o230440190011|Strong=2050b 2 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_44:19!1|MId=o230440190012|Strong=3808|Type=negative 3 יָשִׁ֣יב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.brings.back|Ref=ISA_44:19!2|MId=o230440190021|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:230440130011;|Type=yiqtol 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_44:19!3|MId=o230440190031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5-6 לִבּ֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לִבּ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=heart|Ref=ISA_44:19!4|MId=o230440190041|Strong=3820 6 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_44:19!4|MId=o230440190042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7-8 וְלֹ֨א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_44:19!5|MId=o230440190051|Strong=2050b 8 לֹ֨א לֹא ADV _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_44:19!5|MId=o230440190052|Strong=3808|Type=negative 9 דַ֥עַת דַּעַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Gloss=knowledge|Ref=ISA_44:19!6|MId=o230440190061|Strong=1847 10-11 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_44:19!7|MId=o230440190071|Strong=2050b 11 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_44:19!7|MId=o230440190072|Strong=3808|Type=negative 12 תְבוּנָה֮ תְּבוּנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=understanding|Ref=ISA_44:19!8|MId=o230440190081|Strong=8394 13-14 לֵאמֹר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 17 mark _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_44:19!9|MId=o230440190091|Strong=3807a 14 אמֹר֒ אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 13 fixed _ Gloss=say|Ref=ISA_44:19!9|MId=o230440190092|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:230440130011;|Type=infinitive_construct 15-16 חֶצְי֞וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 חֶצְי חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=of.it|Ref=ISA_44:19!10|MId=o230440190101|Strong=2677 16 ֞וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=half|Ref=ISA_44:19!10|MId=o230440190102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17 שָׂרַ֣פְתִּי שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 11 advcl _ Gloss=I.burned|Ref=ISA_44:19!11|MId=o230440190111|Strong=8313|Frame=A0:230440130011;A1:230440190101;|Type=qatal 18 בְמוֹ־ בְּמוֹ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_44:19!12|MId=o230440190121|Strong=1119|SpaceAfter=No 19 אֵ֗שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=a.fire|Ref=ISA_44:19!13|MId=o230440190131|Strong=0784 20-21 וְ֠אַף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_44:19!14|MId=o230440190141|Strong=2050b 21 אַף אַף ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=ISA_44:19!14|MId=o230440190142|Strong=0637 22 אָפִ֤יתִי אָפָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=I.baked|Ref=ISA_44:19!15|MId=o230440190151|Strong=0644|Frame=A0:230440130011;A1:230440190181;|Type=qatal 23 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ISA_44:19!16|MId=o230440190161|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 גֶּחָלָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 גֶּחָלָי גֶּחָל NOUN _ Number=Plur 22 obl _ Gloss=coals|Ref=ISA_44:19!17|MId=o230440190171|Strong=1513 25 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_44:19!17|MId=o230440190172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26 לֶ֔חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=bread|Ref=ISA_44:19!18|MId=o230440190181|Strong=3899 27 אֶצְלֶ֥ה צָלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 parataxis _ Gloss=I.roasted|Ref=ISA_44:19!19|MId=o230440190191|Strong=6740|Frame=A0:230440130011;A1:230440190201;|Type=yiqtol 28 בָשָׂ֖ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obj _ Gloss=meat|Ref=ISA_44:19!20|MId=o230440190201|Strong=1320 29-30 וְאֹכֵ֑ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_44:19!21|MId=o230440190211|Strong=2050b 30 אֹכֵ֑ל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=I.ate.[it]|Ref=ISA_44:19!21|MId=o230440190212|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:230440130011;A1:230440190201;|Type=yiqtol 31-33 וְיִתְרוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_44:19!22|MId=o230440190221|Strong=2050b 32 יִתְר יֶתֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 obj _ Gloss=the.remainder|Ref=ISA_44:19!22|MId=o230440190222|Strong=3499 33 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=of.it|Ref=ISA_44:19!22|MId=o230440190223|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 34-35 לְתוֹעֵבָ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=(into).an|Ref=ISA_44:19!23|MId=o230440190231|Strong=3807a 35 תוֹעֵבָ֣ה תּוֹעֵבַה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 36 obl _ Gloss=abomination|Ref=ISA_44:19!23|MId=o230440190232|Strong=8441 36 אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=will.I.make?|Ref=ISA_44:19!24|MId=o230440190241|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:230440130011;A1:230440190222;|Type=yiqtol 37-38 לְב֥וּל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_44:19!25|MId=o230440190251|Strong=3807a 38 ב֥וּל בּוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 40 obl _ Gloss=a.product|Ref=ISA_44:19!25|MId=o230440190252|Strong=0944a 39 עֵ֖ץ עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.tree|Ref=ISA_44:19!26|MId=o230440190261|Strong=6086 40 אֶסְגּֽוֹד סָגַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 parataxis _ Gloss=will.I.prostrate.myself?|Ref=ISA_44:19!27|MId=o230440190271|Strong=5456|Frame=A0:230440130011;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=ISA_44:19!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · neg | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יָשִׁיב *he brings back* | yiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | אמֹר *say* | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | שָׂרַפְתִּי *I burned* | qatal · qal | | חֶצְי *of it* | | | | אָפִיתִי *I baked* | qatal · qal | | לֶחֶם *bread* | | | | אֶצְלֶה *I roasted* | yiqtol · qal | | בָשָׂר *meat* | | | | אֹכֵל *I ate \[it\]* | yiqtol · qal | | בָשָׂר *meat* | | | | אֶעֱשֶׂה *will I make?* | yiqtol · qal | | יִתְר *the remainder* | | | | אֶסְגּֽוֹד *will I prostrate myself?* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְלָא מֵתִיב לְלִבֵּהּ וְלָא מַדַע וְלָא סוּכְלְתָנוּ לְמֵימַר פַּלְגֵהּ אוֹקֵידַת בְּנוּרָא וְאַף אֲפִיתִי עַל גוּמְרוֹהִי לְחֵם טְוֵית בִּסְרָא וַאֲכַלֵית וּשְׁאֵרֵהּ לְתוֹעֵבָא אַעְבֵּיד לְיִבְלֵי אָעָא אֶסְגוֹד: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And none considereth in his heart, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say: 'I have burned the half of it in the fire; yea, also I have baked bread upon the coals thereof; I have roasted flesh and eaten it; and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.991/) 2. [Shall I fall down to the stock of a tree?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.992/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:897`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 44:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.18/) - next →: [Isaiah 44:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.20/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/44/)