--- title: Isaiah 44:21 — Remember these things, O Jacob, and Israel, for thou art My servant;… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Remember these things, O Jacob, and Israel, for thou art My servant; I have formed thee, thou art Mine own servant; O Israel, thou shouldest not forget Me. Who acts: you, thou, I. Isaiah 44:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/44/) / 44:21 # Isaiah 44:21 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** you, thou, I · **What happens:** remember, be, form, not forget · **To what, where:** things, servant, thee, own servant, Me This is Isaiah 44:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, thou, I — and what happens in the verse to things, servant, thee, own servant, Me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. זְכָר־אֵ֣לֶּה יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כִּ֣י עַבְדִּי־אָ֑תָּה יְצַרְתִּ֤יךָ עֶֽבֶד־לִי֙ אַ֔תָּה יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֹ֥א תִנָּשֵֽׁנִי׃ [Remember these things, O Jacob, and Israel, for thou art My servant; I have formed thee, thou art Mine own servant; O Israel, thou shouldest not forget Me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.994/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:899 # text = זְכָר־אֵ֣לֶּה יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כִּ֣י עַבְדִּי־אָ֑תָּה יְצַרְתִּ֤יךָ עֶֽבֶד־לִי֙ אַ֔תָּה יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֹ֥א תִנָּשֵֽׁנִי׃ # verse = ISA.44.21 1 זְכָר־ זָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=remember|Ref=ISA_44:21!1|MId=o230440210011|Strong=2142|Frame=A0:230440210042;A1:230440210021;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 2 אֵ֣לֶּה אֵלֶּה PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 1 obj _ Gloss=these.[things]|Ref=ISA_44:21!2|MId=o230440210021|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 3 יַעֲקֹ֔ב יַעֲקֹב PROPN _ _ 1 parataxis _ Gloss=O.Jacob|Ref=ISA_44:21!3|MId=o230440210031|Strong=3290 4-5 וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_44:21!4|MId=o230440210041|Strong=2050b 5 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=O.Israel|Ref=ISA_44:21!4|MId=o230440210042|Strong=3478 6 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_44:21!5|MId=o230440210051|Strong=3588 7-8 עַבְדִּי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 advcl _ Gloss=servant|Ref=ISA_44:21!6|MId=o230440210061|Strong=5650 8 ִי־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[are].my|Ref=ISA_44:21!6|MId=o230440210062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9 אָ֑תָּה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_44:21!7|MId=o230440210071|Strong=0859|Type=personal 10-11 יְצַרְתִּ֤יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 יְצַרְתִּ֤י יָצַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 1 parataxis _ Gloss=I|Ref=ISA_44:21!8|MId=o230440210081|Strong=3335|Frame=A0:230440060031;A1:230440210082;|Type=qatal 11 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=formed.you|Ref=ISA_44:21!8|MId=o230440210082|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 12 עֶֽבֶד־ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=[are].a.servant|Ref=ISA_44:21!9|MId=o230440210091|Strong=5650|SpaceAfter=No 13-14 לִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 ל לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_44:21!10|MId=o230440210101|Strong=3807a 14 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=ISA_44:21!10|MId=o230440210102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15 אַ֔תָּה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_44:21!11|MId=o230440210111|Strong=0859|Type=personal 16 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 18 dislocated _ Gloss=O.Israel|Ref=ISA_44:21!12|MId=o230440210121|Strong=3478 17 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 18 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_44:21!13|MId=o230440210131|Strong=3808|Type=negative 18-19 תִנָּשֵֽׁנִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 תִנָּשׁ נָשָׁה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 parataxis _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_44:21!14|MId=o230440210141|Strong=5382|Frame=A1:230440210121;|Type=yiqtol 19 ֵֽנִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 advmod _ Gloss=will.be.forgotten.by.me|Ref=ISA_44:21!14|MId=o230440210142|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 20 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=ISA_44:21!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | זְכָר־ *remember* | imperative · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *O Israel* | אֵלֶּה *these \[things\]* | | | | יְצַרְתִּי *I* | qatal · qal | | ךָ *formed you* | | | | **not** תִנָּשׁ *you* | yiqtol · niphal | | יִשְׂרָאֵל *O Israel* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אִדְכַּר אִלֵין יַעֲקֹב וְיִשְׂרָאֵל אֲרֵי עַבְדִי אַתְּ אַתְקֵינְתָּךְ לְמֶהֱוֵי עֲבֵיד פְּלַח קֳדָמַי אַתְּ יִשְׂרָאֵל לָא תִתְנְשֵׁי דְחַלְתִּי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Remember these things, O Jacob, and Israel, for thou art My servant; I have formed thee, thou art Mine own servant; O Israel, thou shouldest not forget Me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.994/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:899`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 44:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.20/) - next →: [Isaiah 44:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.44.22/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/44/)