--- title: Isaiah 45:13 — I have roused him up in victory, and I make level all his ways; he s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: I have roused him up in victory, and I make level all his ways; he shall build My city, and he shall let Mine exiles go free, not for price nor reward, saith the LORD of hosts. Who acts: I, man, exiles, LORD. Isaiah 45:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmati --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/45/) / 45:13 # Isaiah 45:13 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, man, exiles, LORD · **What happens:** rouse up, make, build, let, go, say · **To what, where:** man, victory, ways, city, exiles · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 45:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, man, exiles, LORD — and what happens in the verse to man, victory, ways, city, exiles, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. אָנֹכִי֙ הַעִירֹתִ֣הֽוּ בְצֶ֔דֶק וְכָל־דְּרָכָ֖יו אֲיַשֵּׁ֑ר הֽוּא־יִבְנֶ֤ה עִירִי֙ וְגָלוּתִ֣י יְשַׁלֵּ֔חַ לֹ֤א בִמְחִיר֙ וְלֹ֣א בְשֹׁ֔חַד אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃פ [I have roused him up in victory, and I make level all his ways; he shall build My city, and he shall let Mine exiles go free, not for price nor reward, saith the LORD of hosts.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1015/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:919 # text = אָנֹכִי֙ הַעִירֹתִ֣הֽוּ בְצֶ֔דֶק וְכָל־דְּרָכָ֖יו אֲיַשֵּׁ֑ר הֽוּא־יִבְנֶ֤ה עִירִי֙ וְגָלוּתִ֣י יְשַׁלֵּ֔חַ לֹ֤א בִמְחִיר֙ וְלֹ֣א בְשֹׁ֔חַד אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃פ # verse = ISA.45.13 1 אָנֹכִי֙ אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=ISA_45:13!1|MId=o230450130011|Strong=0595|Type=personal 2-3 הַעִירֹתִ֣הֽוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 הַעִירֹתִ֣ עוּר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I|Ref=ISA_45:13!2|MId=o230450130021|Strong=5782|Frame=AA:230450130011;A0:230450130022;|Type=qatal 3 הֽוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=have.stirred.him.up|Ref=ISA_45:13!2|MId=o230450130022|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 4-5 בְצֶ֔דֶק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_45:13!3|MId=o230450130031|Strong=0871a 5 צֶ֔דֶק צֶדֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=righteousness|Ref=ISA_45:13!3|MId=o230450130032|Strong=6664 6-7 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_45:13!4|MId=o230450130041|Strong=2050b 7 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_45:13!4|MId=o230450130042|Strong=3605 8-9 דְּרָכָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 דְּרָכָ֖י דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=ways|Ref=ISA_45:13!5|MId=o230450130051|Strong=1870 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_45:13!5|MId=o230450130052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 אֲיַשֵּׁ֑ר יָשַׁר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I.will.make.smooth|Ref=ISA_45:13!6|MId=o230450130061|Strong=3474|Frame=A0:230450110031;A1:230450130051;|Type=yiqtol 11 הֽוּא־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=ISA_45:13!7|MId=o230450130071|Strong=1931|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 12 יִבְנֶ֤ה בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.build|Ref=ISA_45:13!8|MId=o230450130081|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:230450130071;A1:230450130091;|Type=yiqtol 13-14 עִירִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 עִיר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=city|Ref=ISA_45:13!9|MId=o230450130091|Strong=5892 14 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ISA_45:13!9|MId=o230450130092|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15-17 וְגָלוּתִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_45:13!10|MId=o230450130101|Strong=2050b 16 גָלוּת גָּלוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=exile[s]|Ref=ISA_45:13!10|MId=o230450130102|Strong=1546 17 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ISA_45:13!10|MId=o230450130103|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18 יְשַׁלֵּ֔חַ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 12 conj _ Gloss=he.will.let.go|Ref=ISA_45:13!11|MId=o230450130111|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:230450010042;A1:230450130102;|Type=yiqtol 19 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 12 parataxis _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_45:13!12|MId=o230450130121|Strong=3808|Type=negative 20-21 בִמְחִיר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_45:13!13|MId=o230450130131|Strong=0871a 21 מְחִיר֙ מְחִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=price|Ref=ISA_45:13!13|MId=o230450130132|Strong=4242 22-23 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_45:13!14|MId=o230450130141|Strong=2050b 23 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 19 conj _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_45:13!14|MId=o230450130142|Strong=3808|Type=negative 24-25 בְשֹׁ֔חַד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_45:13!15|MId=o230450130151|Strong=0871a 25 שֹׁ֔חַד שֹׁחַד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=a.bribe|Ref=ISA_45:13!15|MId=o230450130152|Strong=7810 26 אָמַ֖ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=ISA_45:13!16|MId=o230450130161|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:230450130171;|Type=qatal 27 יְהוָ֥ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 26 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_45:13!17|MId=o230450130171|Strong=3068 28 צְבָאֽוֹת צָבָא NOUN _ Number=Plur 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.hosts|Ref=ISA_45:13!18|MId=o230450130181|Strong=6635|SpaceAfter=No 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=ISA_45:13!18|SpaceAfter=No 30 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=ISA_45:13!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַעִירֹתִ *I* | qatal · hiphil | הֽוּ *have stirred him up* | | | אָנֹכִי *I* | | אֲיַשֵּׁר *I will make smooth* | yiqtol · piel | | דְּרָכָי *ways* | | | | **not** יִבְנֶה *he will build* | yiqtol · qal | הֽוּא־ *he* | עִיר *city* | | | | יְשַׁלֵּחַ *he will let go* | yiqtol · piel | | גָלוּת *exile\[s\]* | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲנָא אַיְתִינֵהּ בִּגְלֵי בִקְשׁוֹט וְכָל אוֹרְחָתֵהּ אֲתַקֵן הוּא יִבְנֵי קַרְתִּי וְגַלְוַת עַמִי יְשַׁלַח לָא בְדָמִין וְלָא בְּמָמוֹן אֲמַר יְיָ צְבָאוֹת: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [I have roused him up in victory, and I make level all his ways; he shall build My city, and he shall let Mine exiles go free, not for price nor reward, saith the LORD of hosts.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1015/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:919`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 45:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.12/) - next →: [Isaiah 45:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.14/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/45/)