--- title: Isaiah 45:8 — Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down right… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness; let the earth open, that they may bring forth salvation, and let her cause righteousness to spring up together; I the LORD have created it. Who acts: you, skies, earth, heavens. Isaiah 45:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/45/) / 45:8 # Isaiah 45:8 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** you, skies, earth, heavens, Israel, I · **What happens:** drop down, let, pour down, open, bring, cause · **To what, where:** skies, righteousness, earth, salvation, Israel This is Isaiah 45:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, skies, earth, heavens, Israel, I — and what happens in the verse to skies, righteousness, earth, salvation, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַרְעִ֤יפוּ שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּ֔עַל וּשְׁחָקִ֖ים יִזְּלוּ־צֶ֑דֶק תִּפְתַּח־אֶ֣רֶץ וְיִפְרוּ־יֶ֗שַׁע וּצְדָקָ֤ה תַצְמִ֙יחַ֙ יַ֔חַד אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בְּרָאתִֽיו׃ס [Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness; let the earth open, that they may bring forth salvation, and let her cause righteousness to spring up together; I the LORD have created it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1009/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:914 # text = הַרְעִ֤יפוּ שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּ֔עַל וּשְׁחָקִ֖ים יִזְּלוּ־צֶ֑דֶק תִּפְתַּח־אֶ֣רֶץ וְיִפְרוּ־יֶ֗שַׁע וּצְדָקָ֤ה תַצְמִ֙יחַ֙ יַ֔חַד אֲנִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה בְּרָאתִֽיו׃ס # verse = ISA.45.8 1 הַרְעִ֤יפוּ רָעַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=drip.down|Ref=ISA_45:8!1|MId=o230450080011|Strong=7491|Frame=A0:230450080021;|Type=imperative 2 שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 1 dislocated _ Gloss=O.heaven|Ref=ISA_45:8!2|MId=o230450080021|Strong=8064 3-4 מִמַּ֔עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=ISA_45:8!3|MId=o230450080031|Strong=4480 4 מַּ֔עַל מַעַל ADV _ _ 1 obl _ Gloss=above|Ref=ISA_45:8!3|MId=o230450080032|Strong=4605 5-6 וּשְׁחָקִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_45:8!4|MId=o230450080041|Strong=2050b 6 שְׁחָקִ֖ים שַׁחַק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=clouds|Ref=ISA_45:8!4|MId=o230450080042|Strong=7834 7 יִזְּלוּ־ נָזַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=let.them.flow|Ref=ISA_45:8!5|MId=o230450080051|Strong=5140|Frame=A0:230450080042;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 8 צֶ֑דֶק צֶדֶק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=righteousness|Ref=ISA_45:8!6|MId=o230450080061|Strong=6664 9 תִּפְתַּח־ פָּתַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=let.it.open.up|Ref=ISA_45:8!7|MId=o230450080071|Strong=6605|Frame=A0:230450080081;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 10 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].earth|Ref=ISA_45:8!8|MId=o230450080081|Strong=0776 11-12 וְיִפְרוּ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_45:8!9|MId=o230450080091|Strong=2050b 12 יִפְרוּ־ פָּרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=let.them.bear.fruit|Ref=ISA_45:8!9|MId=o230450080092|Strong=6509|Frame=A0:230450080021;230450080081;A1:230450080101;|Type=yiqtol 13 יֶ֗שַׁע יֵשַׁע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=salvation|Ref=ISA_45:8!10|MId=o230450080101|Strong=3468 14-15 וּצְדָקָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_45:8!11|MId=o230450080111|Strong=2050b 15 צְדָקָ֤ה צְדָקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Gloss=righteousness|Ref=ISA_45:8!11|MId=o230450080112|Strong=6666 16 תַצְמִ֙יחַ֙ צָמַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 conj _ Gloss=let.it.cause.to.sprout|Ref=ISA_45:8!12|MId=o230450080121|Strong=6779|Frame=A0:230450080112;|Type=yiqtol 17 יַ֔חַד יַחַד ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=together|Ref=ISA_45:8!13|MId=o230450080131|Strong=3162 18 אֲנִ֥י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=ISA_45:8!14|MId=o230450080141|Strong=0589|Type=personal 19 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 1 parataxis _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_45:8!15|MId=o230450080151|Strong=3068 20-21 בְּרָאתִֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בְּרָאתִֽי בָּרָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 1 parataxis _ Gloss=I|Ref=ISA_45:8!16|MId=o230450080161|Strong=1254|Frame=A0:230450010031;A1:230450080162;|Type=qatal 21 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=have.created.it|Ref=ISA_45:8!16|MId=o230450080162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=ISA_45:8!16|SpaceAfter=No 23 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=ISA_45:8!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַרְעִיפוּ *drip down* | imperative · hiphil | שָׁמַיִם *O heaven* | | | | | יִזְּלוּ־ *let them flow* | yiqtol · qal | שְׁחָקִים *clouds* | | | | | תִּפְתַּח־ *let it open up* | yiqtol · qal | אֶרֶץ *\[the\] earth* | | | | | יִפְרוּ־ *let them bear fruit* | yiqtol · qal | שָׁמַיִם *O heaven* + אֶרֶץ *\[the\] earth* | יֶשַׁע *salvation* | | | | תַצְמִיחַ *let it cause to sprout* | yiqtol · hiphil | צְדָקָה *righteousness* | | | | | בְּרָאתִֽי *I* | qatal · qal | | ו *have created it* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} יְשַׁמְשׁוּן שְׁמַיָא מִלְעֵלָא וַעֲנָנַיָא יִגְדוּן טוּבָא תִּתְפְּתַח אַרְעָא וְיֵחוּן מֵתַיָא וּזְכוּתָא תִתְגְלֵי כַּחֲדָא אֲנָא יְיָ בְּרֵיתִינוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness; let the earth open, that they may bring forth salvation, and let her cause righteousness to spring up together; I the LORD have created it.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1009/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:914`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 45:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.7/) - next →: [Isaiah 45:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.45.9/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/45/)