--- title: Isaiah 48:19 — Thy seed also would be as the sand, and the offspring of thy body li… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Thy seed also would be as the sand, and the offspring of thy body like the grains thereof; his name would not be cut off nor destroyed from before Me. Who acts: seed, God. Isaiah 48:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.48.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/48/) / 48:19 # Isaiah 48:19 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** seed, God · **What happens:** be, not cut off, destroy, name · **To what, where:** name This is Isaiah 48:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — seed, God — and what happens in the verse to name, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֤י כַחוֹל֙ זַרְעֶ֔ךָ וְצֶאֱצָאֵ֥י מֵעֶ֖יךָ כִּמְעֹתָ֑יו לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֧ת וְֽלֹא־יִשָּׁמֵ֛ד שְׁמ֖וֹ מִלְּפָנָֽי׃ [Thy seed also would be as the sand, and the offspring of thy body like the grains thereof; his name would not be cut off nor destroyed from before Me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1079/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:978 # text = וַיְהִ֤י כַחוֹל֙ זַרְעֶ֔ךָ וְצֶאֱצָאֵ֥י מֵעֶ֖יךָ כִּמְעֹתָ֑יו לֹֽא־יִכָּרֵ֧ת וְֽלֹא־יִשָּׁמֵ֛ד שְׁמ֖וֹ מִלְּפָנָֽי׃ # verse = ISA.48.19 1-2 וַיְהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_48:19!1|MId=o230480190011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֤י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=ISA_48:19!1|MId=o230480190012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:230480190031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 כַחוֹל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 כַ כְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_48:19!2|MId=o230480190021|Strong=3509a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_48:19!2|MId=o230480190021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 חוֹל֙ חוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=sand|Ref=ISA_48:19!2|MId=o230480190022|Strong=2344 6-7 זַרְעֶ֔ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 זַרְע זֶרַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=offspring|Ref=ISA_48:19!3|MId=o230480190031|Strong=2233 7 ֶ֔ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_48:19!3|MId=o230480190032|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8-9 וְצֶאֱצָאֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_48:19!4|MId=o230480190041|Strong=2050b 9 צֶאֱצָאֵ֥י צֶאֱצָאִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 conj _ Gloss=the.descendants|Ref=ISA_48:19!4|MId=o230480190042|Strong=6631 10-11 מֵעֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מֵעֶ֖י מֵעִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.inward.parts|Ref=ISA_48:19!5|MId=o230480190051|Strong=4578 11 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_48:19!5|MId=o230480190052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 12-14 כִּמְעֹתָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_48:19!6|MId=o230480190061|Strong=3509a 13 מְעֹתָ֑י מָעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 9 obl _ Gloss=grains|Ref=ISA_48:19!6|MId=o230480190062|Strong=4579 14 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_48:19!6|MId=o230480190063|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_48:19!7|MId=o230480190071|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 16 יִכָּרֵ֧ת כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.be.cut.off|Ref=ISA_48:19!8|MId=o230480190081|Strong=3772|Frame=A1:230480190111;|Type=yiqtol 17-18 וְֽלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_48:19!9|MId=o230480190091|Strong=2050b 18 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_48:19!9|MId=o230480190092|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19 יִשָּׁמֵ֛ד שָׁמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.destroyed|Ref=ISA_48:19!10|MId=o230480190101|Strong=8045|Frame=A1:230480190111;|Type=yiqtol 20-21 שְׁמ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 שְׁמ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=name|Ref=ISA_48:19!11|MId=o230480190111|Strong=8034 21 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_48:19!11|MId=o230480190112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22-25 מִלְּפָנָֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_48:19!12|MId=o230480190121|Strong=4480 23 לְּ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=ISA_48:19!12|MId=o230480190122|Strong=3807a 24 פָנ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 19 obl _ Gloss=face|Ref=ISA_48:19!12|MId=o230480190123|Strong=6440 25 ָֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=me|Ref=ISA_48:19!12|MId=o230480190124|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=ISA_48:19!12 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | זַרְע *offspring* | | | | | **not** יִכָּרֵת *it will be cut off* | yiqtol · niphal | | שְׁמ *name* | | | | **not** יִשָּׁמֵד *it will be destroyed* | yiqtol · niphal | | שְׁמ *name* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲווֹ פּוֹן סַגִין כְּחָלָא דְיַמָא בְּנָךְ וּבְנֵי בְנָךְ כְּפֵּירוּדוֹהִי לָא יִפְסוֹק וְלָא יִשְׁתֵּצֵי שְׁמֵיהּ דְיִשְׂרָאֵל מִן קֳדָמַי לַעֲלַם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thy seed also would be as the sand, and the offspring of thy body like the grains thereof; his name would not be cut off nor destroyed from before Me.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1079/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:978`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 48:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.48.18/) - next →: [Isaiah 48:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.48.20/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/48/)