--- title: Isaiah 49:18 — Lift up thine eyes round about, and behold: all these gather themsel… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Lift up thine eyes round about, and behold: all these gather themselves together, and come to thee. As I live, saith the LORD, thou shalt surely clothe thee with them all as with an ornament, and gird thyself with them, like a bride. Who acts: you, these, I, LORD. Isaiah 49:18 in Hebrew with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.49.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/49/) / 49:18 # Isaiah 49:18 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** you, these, I, LORD, thou · **What happens:** lift up, gather, come, live, say, clothe · **To what, where:** eyes, thee, thyself · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 49:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, these, I, LORD, thou — and what happens in the verse to eyes, thee, thyself, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. שְׂאִֽי־סָבִ֤יב עֵינַ֙יִךְ֙ וּרְאִ֔י כֻּלָּ֖ם נִקְבְּצ֣וּ בָֽאוּ־לָ֑ךְ חַי־אָ֣נִי נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה כִּ֤י כֻלָּם֙ כָּעֲדִ֣י תִלְבָּ֔שִׁי וּֽתְקַשְּׁרִ֖ים כַּכַּלָּֽה׃ [Lift up thine eyes round about, and behold: all these gather themselves together, and come to thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1101/) [As I live, saith the LORD, thou shalt surely clothe thee with them all as with an ornament, and gird thyself with them, like a bride.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1102/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:999 # text = שְׂאִֽי־סָבִ֤יב עֵינַ֙יִךְ֙ וּרְאִ֔י כֻּלָּ֖ם נִקְבְּצ֣וּ בָֽאוּ־לָ֑ךְ חַי־אָ֣נִי נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה כִּ֤י כֻלָּם֙ כָּעֲדִ֣י תִלְבָּ֔שִׁי וּֽתְקַשְּׁרִ֖ים כַּכַּלָּֽה׃ # verse = ISA.49.18 1 שְׂאִֽי־ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=lift.up|Ref=ISA_49:18!1|MId=o230490180011|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:230490140021;A1:230490180031;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 2 סָבִ֤יב סָבִיב ADV _ Number=Sing 1 advmod _ Gloss=all.around|Ref=ISA_49:18!2|MId=o230490180021|Strong=5439 3-4 עֵינַ֙יִךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עֵינַ֙י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 1 obj _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=ISA_49:18!3|MId=o230490180031|Strong=5869 4 ִךְ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_49:18!3|MId=o230490180032|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 5-6 וּרְאִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_49:18!4|MId=o230490180041|Strong=2050b 6 רְאִ֔י רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=see|Ref=ISA_49:18!4|MId=o230490180042|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:230490140021;|Type=imperative 7-8 כֻּלָּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 כֻּלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=ISA_49:18!5|MId=o230490180051|Strong=3605 8 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_49:18!5|MId=o230490180052|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 9 נִקְבְּצ֣וּ קָבַץ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.gathered.together|Ref=ISA_49:18!6|MId=o230490180061|Strong=6908|Frame=A0:230490180052;|Type=qatal 10 בָֽאוּ־ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.come|Ref=ISA_49:18!7|MId=o230490180071|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:230490130132;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 11-12 לָ֑ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 ל לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_49:18!8|MId=o230490180081|Strong=3807a 12 ָ֑ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_49:18!8|MId=o230490180082|Strong=3509c|Type=pronominal 13 חַי־ חַי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=[by].the.life|Ref=ISA_49:18!9|MId=o230490180091|Strong=2416|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 14 אָ֣נִי אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ Gloss=of.me|Ref=ISA_49:18!10|MId=o230490180101|Strong=0589|Type=personal 15 נְאֻם־ נְאֻם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 parataxis _ Gloss=the.utterance|Ref=ISA_49:18!11|MId=o230490180111|Strong=5002|SpaceAfter=No 16 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=ISA_49:18!12|MId=o230490180121|Strong=3068 17 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_49:18!13|MId=o230490180131|Strong=3588 18-19 כֻלָּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 כֻלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=ISA_49:18!14|MId=o230490180141|Strong=3605 19 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_49:18!14|MId=o230490180142|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20-22 כָּעֲדִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 כָּ כְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_49:18!15|MId=o230490180151|Strong=3509a 21 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ISA_49:18!15|MId=o230490180151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 עֲדִ֣י עֲדִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=ornament[s]|Ref=ISA_49:18!15|MId=o230490180152|Strong=5716 23 תִלְבָּ֔שִׁי לָבֵשׁ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.put.on|Ref=ISA_49:18!16|MId=o230490180161|Strong=3847|Frame=A0:230490140021;A1:230490180142;|Type=yiqtol 24-26 וּֽתְקַשְּׁרִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_49:18!17|MId=o230490180171|Strong=2050b 25 תְקַשְּׁרִ֖י קָשַׁר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_49:18!17|MId=o230490180172|Strong=7194|Frame=A0:230490140021;A1:230490180173;|Type=yiqtol 26 ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ Gloss=will.tie.them.on|Ref=ISA_49:18!17|MId=o230490180173|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 27-29 כַּכַּלָּֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_49:18!18|MId=o230490180181|Strong=3509a 28 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ISA_49:18!18|MId=o230490180181ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 כַּלָּֽה כַּלָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=bride|Ref=ISA_49:18!18|MId=o230490180182|Strong=3618 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=ISA_49:18!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׂאִֽי־ *lift up* | imperative · qal | | עֵינַי *eyes* | | | | רְאִי *see* | imperative · qal | | | | | | נִקְבְּצוּ *they have gathered together* | qatal · niphal | ָם *all* | | | | | בָֽאוּ־ *they have come* | qatal · qal | | | | | | תִלְבָּשִׁי *you will put on* | yiqtol · qal | | ָם *all* | | | | תְקַשְּׁרִי *you* | yiqtol · piel | | ם *will tie them on* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} זְקוּפִי יְרוּשְׁלֵם סְחוֹר סְחוֹר עֵינָךְ וַחֲזָא כָּל בְּנֵי עַם גַלְוָתִיךְ מִתְכַּנְשִׁין וְאָתָן לְגַוִיךְ קְיַם אֲנָא אֲמַר יְיָ אֲרֵי כוּלְהוֹן לִיךְ כִּלְבוּשׁ דִיקָר וְעוֹבָדֵיהוֹן בְּגַוִיךְ כְּקִישׁוּט כַּלָתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Lift up thine eyes round about, and behold: all these gather themselves together, and come to thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1101/) 2. [As I live, saith the LORD, thou shalt surely clothe thee with them all as with an ornament, and gird thyself with them, like a bride.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1102/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:999`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 49:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.49.17/) - next →: [Isaiah 49:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.49.19/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 49](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/49/)