--- title: Isaiah 50:1 — Thus saith the LORD: Where is the bill of your mother's divorcement,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Thus saith the LORD: Where is the bill of your mother's divorcement, wherewith I have put her away? Or which of My creditors is it to whom I have sold you? Behold, for your iniquities were ye sold, and for your transgressions was your mother put away. Who acts: LORD, I, mother, divorcement. Isaiah 5 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.50.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 50](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/50/) / 50:1 # Isaiah 50:1 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD, I, mother, divorcement, your · **What happens:** say, be, put away, divorce, sell, transgress · **To what, where:** bill, her, you, ye, mother · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 50:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I, mother, divorcement, your — and what happens in the verse to bill, her, you, ye, mother, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֵ֣י זֶ֠ה סֵ֣פֶר כְּרִית֤וּת אִמְּכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שִׁלַּחְתִּ֔יהָ א֚וֹ מִ֣י מִנּוֹשַׁ֔י אֲשֶׁר־מָכַ֥רְתִּי אֶתְכֶ֖ם ל֑וֹ הֵ֤ן בַּעֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ נִמְכַּרְתֶּ֔ם וּבְפִשְׁעֵיכֶ֖ם שֻׁלְּחָ֥ה אִמְּכֶֽם׃ [Thus saith the LORD: Where is the bill of your mother's divorcement, wherewith I have put her away?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1113/) [Or which of My creditors is it to whom I have sold you?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1114/) [Behold, for your iniquities were ye sold, and for your transgressions was your mother put away.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1115/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:1008 # text = כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֵ֣י זֶ֠ה סֵ֣פֶר כְּרִית֤וּת אִמְּכֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שִׁלַּחְתִּ֔יהָ א֚וֹ מִ֣י מִנּוֹשַׁ֔י אֲשֶׁר־מָכַ֥רְתִּי אֶתְכֶ֖ם ל֑וֹ הֵ֤ן בַּעֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ נִמְכַּרְתֶּ֔ם וּבְפִשְׁעֵיכֶ֖ם שֻׁלְּחָ֥ה אִמְּכֶֽם׃ # verse = ISA.50.1 1 כֹּ֣ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=ISA_50:1!1|MId=o230500010011|Strong=3541 2 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 1 punct _ Ref=ISA_50:1!1 3 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=ISA_50:1!2|MId=o230500010021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:230500010031;|Type=qatal 4 יְהוָ֗ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_50:1!3|MId=o230500010031|Strong=3068 5 אֵ֣י אַי PART _ _ 3 ccomp _ Gloss=where?|Ref=ISA_50:1!4|MId=o230500010041|Strong=0335|Type=interrogative 6 זֶ֠ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 5 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=ISA_50:1!5|MId=o230500010051|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 7 סֵ֣פֶר סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 appos _ Gloss=[is].the.document|Ref=ISA_50:1!6|MId=o230500010061|Strong=5612 8 כְּרִית֤וּת כְּרִיתוּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.divorce|Ref=ISA_50:1!7|MId=o230500010071|Strong=3748 9-10 אִמְּכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.mother|Ref=ISA_50:1!8|MId=o230500010081|Strong=0517 10 ְכֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_50:1!8|MId=o230500010082|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 11 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 12 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=ISA_50:1!9|MId=o230500010091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 12-13 שִׁלַּחְתִּ֔יהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 שִׁלַּחְתִּ֔י שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 9 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I|Ref=ISA_50:1!10|MId=o230500010101|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:230500010031;A1:230500010102;|Type=qatal 13 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ Gloss=sent.her.away|Ref=ISA_50:1!10|MId=o230500010102|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 14 א֚וֹ אוֹ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=or|Ref=ISA_50:1!11|MId=o230500010111|Strong=0176 15 מִ֣י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 17 nsubj _ Gloss=who?|Ref=ISA_50:1!12|MId=o230500010121|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 16-18 מִנּוֹשַׁ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=[is].one|Ref=ISA_50:1!13|MId=o230500010131|Strong=4480 17 נּוֹשׁ נשׁא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=of|Ref=ISA_50:1!13|MId=o230500010132|Strong=5378|Type=participle_active 18 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my.creditors|Ref=ISA_50:1!13|MId=o230500010133|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 19 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=ISA_50:1!14|MId=o230500010141|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 20 מָכַ֥רְתִּי מָכַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.sold|Ref=ISA_50:1!15|MId=o230500010151|Strong=4376|Frame=A0:230500010031;A1:230500010162;|Type=qatal 21-22 אֶתְכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_50:1!16|MId=o230500010161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 22 ְכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_50:1!16|MId=o230500010162|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 23-24 ל֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 ל לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_50:1!17|MId=o230500010171|Strong=3807a 24 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=ISA_50:1!17|MId=o230500010172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25 הֵ֤ן הֵן INTJ _ _ 29 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=ISA_50:1!18|MId=o230500010181|Strong=2005|Type=demonstrative 26-28 בַּעֲוֺנֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_50:1!19|MId=o230500010191|Strong=0871a 27 עֲוֺנֹֽתֵי עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Plur 29 obl _ Gloss=iniquities|Ref=ISA_50:1!19|MId=o230500010192|Strong=5771 28 כֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_50:1!19|MId=o230500010193|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 29 נִמְכַּרְתֶּ֔ם מָכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 5 parataxis _ Gloss=you.were.sold|Ref=ISA_50:1!20|MId=o230500010201|Strong=4376|Frame=A1:230490260181;|Type=qatal 30-33 וּבְפִשְׁעֵיכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_50:1!21|MId=o230500010211|Strong=2050b 31 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_50:1!21|MId=o230500010212|Strong=0871a 32 פִשְׁעֵי פֶּשַׁע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 34 obl _ Gloss=transgressions|Ref=ISA_50:1!21|MId=o230500010213|Strong=6588 33 כֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_50:1!21|MId=o230500010214|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 34 שֻׁלְּחָ֥ה שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 29 conj _ Gloss=she.was.sent.away|Ref=ISA_50:1!22|MId=o230500010221|Strong=7971|Frame=A1:230500010231;|Type=qatal 35-36 אִמְּכֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ Gloss=mother|Ref=ISA_50:1!23|MId=o230500010231|Strong=0517 36 ְכֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_50:1!23|MId=o230500010232|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=ISA_50:1!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | שִׁלַּחְתִּי *I* | qatal · piel | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | הָ *sent her away* | | | | מָכַרְתִּי *I sold* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | ְכֶם *you* | | | | נִמְכַּרְתֶּם *you were sold* | qatal · niphal | | | | | | שֻׁלְּחָה *she was sent away* | qatal · pual | | אִמּ *mother* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ אֵידָא הִיא אִגְרַת פִּטוּרִין דִיהָבֵית לִכְנִשְׁתְּכוֹן אֲרֵי אִתְרַחֲקַת אוֹ מִן גְבַר דְלֵהּ חוֹבָא קֳדָמַי דְזַבְּנֵית יַתְכוֹן לֵהּ הָא בְחוֹבֵיכוֹן אִזְדַבַּנְתּוּן וּבְמָרְדֵיכוֹן אִתְרַחֲקַת כְּנִשַׁתְכוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Thus saith the LORD: Where is the bill of your mother's divorcement, wherewith I have put her away?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1113/) 2. [Or which of My creditors is it to whom I have sold you?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1114/) 3. [Behold, for your iniquities were ye sold, and for your transgressions was your mother put away.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1115/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:1008`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 49:26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.49.26/) - next →: [Isaiah 50:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.50.2/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 50](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/50/)