--- title: Isaiah 51:16 — And I have put My words in thy mouth, and have covered thee in the s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And I have put My words in thy mouth, and have covered thee in the shadow of My hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay the foundations of the earth, and say unto Zion: 'Thou art My people.' Who acts: I, My. Isaiah 51:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragm --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.51.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/51/) / 51:16 # Isaiah 51:16 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, My · **What happens:** put, cover, plant, lay, say, be · **To what, where:** words, mouth, thee, heavens, foundations, people · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 51:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, My — and what happens in the verse to words, mouth, thee, heavens, foundations, people, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וָאָשִׂ֤ים דְּבָרַי֙ בְּפִ֔יךָ וּבְצֵ֥ל יָדִ֖י כִּסִּיתִ֑יךָ לִנְטֹ֤עַ שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְלִיסֹ֣ד אָ֔רֶץ וְלֵאמֹ֥ר לְצִיּ֖וֹן עַמִּי־אָֽתָּה׃ס [And I have put My words in thy mouth, and have covered thee in the shadow of My hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay the foundations of the earth, and say unto Zion: 'Thou art My people.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1148/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:1034 # text = וָאָשִׂ֤ים דְּבָרַי֙ בְּפִ֔יךָ וּבְצֵ֥ל יָדִ֖י כִּסִּיתִ֑יךָ לִנְטֹ֤עַ שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ וְלִיסֹ֣ד אָ֔רֶץ וְלֵאמֹ֥ר לְצִיּ֖וֹן עַמִּי־אָֽתָּה׃ס # verse = ISA.51.16 1-2 וָאָשִׂ֤ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_51:16!1|MId=o230510160011|Strong=2050b 2 אָשִׂ֤ים שׂים VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 0 root _ Gloss=I.have.put|Ref=ISA_51:16!1|MId=o230510160012|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:230510130021;A1:230510160021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 דְּבָרַי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 דְּבָר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=words|Ref=ISA_51:16!2|MId=o230510160021|Strong=1697 4 ַי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ISA_51:16!2|MId=o230510160022|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 5-7 בְּפִ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_51:16!3|MId=o230510160031|Strong=0871a 6 פִ֔י פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=ISA_51:16!3|MId=o230510160032|Strong=6310 7 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_51:16!3|MId=o230510160033|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8-10 וּבְצֵ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_51:16!4|MId=o230510160041|Strong=2050b 9 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ISA_51:16!4|MId=o230510160042|Strong=0871a 10 צֵ֥ל צֵל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=the.shadow|Ref=ISA_51:16!4|MId=o230510160043|Strong=6738 11-12 יָדִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.hand|Ref=ISA_51:16!5|MId=o230510160051|Strong=3027 12 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=ISA_51:16!5|MId=o230510160052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 13-14 כִּסִּיתִ֑יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 כִּסִּיתִ֑י כָּסָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=ISA_51:16!6|MId=o230510160061|Strong=3680|Frame=A0:230510130021;A1:230510160062;|Type=qatal 14 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ Gloss=have.covered.you|Ref=ISA_51:16!6|MId=o230510160062|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 15-16 לִנְטֹ֤עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_51:16!7|MId=o230510160071|Strong=3807a 16 נְטֹ֤עַ נָטַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 13 advcl _ Gloss=plant|Ref=ISA_51:16!7|MId=o230510160072|Strong=5193|Frame=A0:230510130021;A1:230510160081;|Type=infinitive_construct 17 שָׁמַ֙יִם֙ שָׁמַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obj _ Gloss=[the].heavens|Ref=ISA_51:16!8|MId=o230510160081|Strong=8064 18-20 וְלִיסֹ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_51:16!9|MId=o230510160091|Strong=2050b 19 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_51:16!9|MId=o230510160092|Strong=3807a 20 יסֹ֣ד יָסַד VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 16 conj _ Gloss=found|Ref=ISA_51:16!9|MId=o230510160093|Strong=3245|Frame=A0:230510130021;A1:230510160101;|Type=infinitive_construct 21 אָ֔רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=[the].earth|Ref=ISA_51:16!10|MId=o230510160101|Strong=0776 22-24 וְלֵאמֹ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_51:16!11|MId=o230510160111|Strong=2050b 23 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 16 ccomp _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_51:16!11|MId=o230510160112|Strong=3807a 24 אמֹ֥ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 23 fixed _ Gloss=say|Ref=ISA_51:16!11|MId=o230510160113|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:230510130021;A1:230510160131;|Type=infinitive_construct 25-26 לְצִיּ֖וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_51:16!12|MId=o230510160121|Strong=3807a 26 צִיּ֖וֹן צִיּוֹן PROPN _ _ 24 obl _ Gloss=Zion|Ref=ISA_51:16!12|MId=o230510160122|Strong=6726 27-28 עַמִּי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 ccomp _ Gloss=people|Ref=ISA_51:16!13|MId=o230510160131|Strong=5971 28 ִי־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[are].my|Ref=ISA_51:16!13|MId=o230510160132|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 29 אָֽתָּה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_51:16!14|MId=o230510160141|Strong=0859|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=ISA_51:16!14|SpaceAfter=No 31 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=ISA_51:16!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: a frame; the quote follows - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אָשִׂים *I have put* | wayyiqtol · qal | | דְּבָר *words* | | | | כִּסִּיתִי *I* | qatal · piel | | ךָ *have covered you* | | | | נְטֹעַ *plant* | infinitive construct · qal | | שָׁמַיִם *\[the\] heavens* | | | | יסֹד *found* | infinitive construct · qal | | אָרֶץ *\[the\] earth* | | | | אמֹר *say* | infinitive construct · qal | | עַמּ *people* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְשַׁוֵיתִי פִּתְגָמֵי נְבוּאָתִי בְּפוּמָךְ וּבִטְלַל גְבוּרְתִּי אַגְנֵית עֲלָךְ לְקַיָמָא עַמָא דַאֲמִיר עֲלֵיהוֹן דְיִסְגוּן כְּכוֹכְבֵי שְׁמַיָא וּלְשַׁכְלָלָא כְנִשְׁתָּא דַאֲמִיר עֲלֵיהוֹן דְיִסְגוּן כְּעַפְרָא דְאַרְעָא וּלְמֵימַר לִדְדָיְרִין בְּצִיוֹן עַמִי אַתּוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And I have put My words in thy mouth, and have covered thee in the shadow of My hand, that I may plant the heavens, and lay the foundations of the earth, and say unto Zion: 'Thou art My people.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1148/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:1034`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 51:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.51.15/) - next →: [Isaiah 51:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.51.17/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 51](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/51/)