--- title: Isaiah 56:11 — Yea, the dogs are greedy, they know not when they have enough; and t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Yea, the dogs are greedy, they know not when they have enough; and these are shepherds that cannot understand; they all turn to their own way, each one to his gain, one and all. Who acts: dogs, these, shepherds. Isaiah 56:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragm --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.56.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 56](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/56/) / 56:11 # Isaiah 56:11 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** dogs, these, shepherds · **What happens:** be, not know, have, not understand, turn · **To what, where:** enough, shepherds, own way This is Isaiah 56:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — dogs, these, shepherds — and what happens in the verse to enough, shepherds, own way, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהַכְּלָבִ֣ים עַזֵּי־נֶ֗פֶשׁ לֹ֤א יָֽדְעוּ֙ שָׂבְעָ֔ה וְהֵ֣מָּה רֹעִ֔ים לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ הָבִ֑ין כֻּלָּם֙ לְדַרְכָּ֣ם פָּנ֔וּ אִ֥ישׁ לְבִצְע֖וֹ מִקָּצֵֽהוּ׃ [Yea, the dogs are greedy, they know not when they have enough; and these are shepherds that cannot understand; they all turn to their own way, each one to his gain, one and all.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1228/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:1109 # text = וְהַכְּלָבִ֣ים עַזֵּי־נֶ֗פֶשׁ לֹ֤א יָֽדְעוּ֙ שָׂבְעָ֔ה וְהֵ֣מָּה רֹעִ֔ים לֹ֥א יָדְע֖וּ הָבִ֑ין כֻּלָּם֙ לְדַרְכָּ֣ם פָּנ֔וּ אִ֥ישׁ לְבִצְע֖וֹ מִקָּצֵֽהוּ׃ # verse = ISA.56.11 1-3 וְהַכְּלָבִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_56:11!1|MId=o230560110011|Strong=2050b 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_56:11!1|MId=o230560110012|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 כְּלָבִ֣ים כֶּלֶב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=dogs|Ref=ISA_56:11!1|MId=o230560110013|Strong=3611 4 עַזֵּי־ עַז ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[are].mighty|Ref=ISA_56:11!2|MId=o230560110021|Strong=5794|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 5 נֶ֗פֶשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.appetite|Ref=ISA_56:11!3|MId=o230560110031|Strong=5315 6 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_56:11!4|MId=o230560110041|Strong=3808|Type=negative 7 יָֽדְעוּ֙ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they.know|Ref=ISA_56:11!5|MId=o230560110051|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:230560110013;A1:230560110061;|Type=qatal 8 שָׂבְעָ֔ה שׇׂבְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=satiety|Ref=ISA_56:11!6|MId=o230560110061|Strong=7654 9-10 וְהֵ֣מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_56:11!7|MId=o230560110071|Strong=2050b 10 הֵ֣מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=ISA_56:11!7|MId=o230560110072|Strong=1992|Type=personal 11 רֹעִ֔ים רָעָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 4 conj _ Gloss=[are].shepherds|Ref=ISA_56:11!8|MId=o230560110081|Strong=7473|Type=participle_active 12 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_56:11!9|MId=o230560110091|Strong=3808|Type=negative 13 יָדְע֖וּ יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they.know|Ref=ISA_56:11!10|MId=o230560110101|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:230560110013;A1:230560110111;|Type=qatal 14 הָבִ֑ין בִּין VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 13 obj _ Gloss=to.understand|Ref=ISA_56:11!11|MId=o230560110111|Strong=0995|Frame=A0:230560110013;|Type=infinitive_construct 15-16 כֻּלָּם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 כֻּלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=of.them|Ref=ISA_56:11!12|MId=o230560110121|Strong=3605 16 ָם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_56:11!12|MId=o230560110122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17-19 לְדַרְכָּ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_56:11!13|MId=o230560110131|Strong=3807a 18 דַרְכּ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=their.own|Ref=ISA_56:11!13|MId=o230560110132|Strong=1870 19 ָ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=way|Ref=ISA_56:11!13|MId=o230560110133|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 20 פָּנ֔וּ פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.turned|Ref=ISA_56:11!14|MId=o230560110141|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:230560110122;|Type=qatal 21 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 parataxis _ Gloss=everyone|Ref=ISA_56:11!15|MId=o230560110151|Strong=0376 22-24 לְבִצְע֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_56:11!16|MId=o230560110161|Strong=3807a 23 בִצְע בֶּצַע NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=his.own|Ref=ISA_56:11!16|MId=o230560110162|Strong=1215 24 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=unjust.gain|Ref=ISA_56:11!16|MId=o230560110163|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25-27 מִקָּצֵֽהוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_56:11!17|MId=o230560110171|Strong=4480 26 קָּצ קָצֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=end|Ref=ISA_56:11!17|MId=o230560110172|Strong=7097 27 ֵֽהוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_56:11!17|MId=o230560110173|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=ISA_56:11!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יָֽדְעוּ *they know* | qatal · qal | כְּלָבִים *dogs* | שָׂבְעָה *satiety* | | | | **not** יָדְעוּ *they know* | qatal · qal | כְּלָבִים *dogs* | הָבִין *to understand* | | | | הָבִין *to understand* | infinitive construct · hiphil | כְּלָבִים *dogs* | | | | | פָּנוּ *they have turned* | qatal · qal | ָם *all* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְכַלְבַיָא תַקִיפֵי נַפְשָׁן לָא יָדְעִין לְמִשְׂבַּע וְאִינוּן מַבְאֲשִׁין לָא יָדְעִין לְאִסְתַּכָּלָא כּוּלְהוֹן גְבַר לְקָבֵל אוֹרְחֵהּ גְלוֹ גְבַר לְמִבַּז מָמוֹנֵהּ דְיִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Yea, the dogs are greedy, they know not when they have enough; and these are shepherds that cannot understand; they all turn to their own way, each one to his gain, one and all.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1228/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:1109`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 56:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.56.10/) - next →: [Isaiah 56:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.56.12/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 56](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/56/)