--- title: Isaiah 58:5 — Is such the fast that I have chosen? the day for a man to afflict hi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Is such the fast that I have chosen? the day for a man to afflict his soul? Is it to bow down his head as a bulrush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? Wilt thou call this a fast, and an acceptable day to the LORD? Who acts: I, man, thou. Isaiah 58:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Tar --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.58.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 58](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/58/) / 58:5 # Isaiah 58:5 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** I, man, thou · **What happens:** be, choose, afflict, bow down, spread, call · **To what, where:** such fast, soul, fast, sackcloth, this · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 58:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, man, thou — and what happens in the verse to such fast, soul, fast, sackcloth, this, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הֲכָזֶ֗ה יִֽהְיֶה֙ צ֣וֹם אֶבְחָרֵ֔הוּ י֛וֹם עַנּ֥וֹת אָדָ֖ם נַפְשׁ֑וֹ הֲלָכֹ֨ף כְּאַגְמֹ֜ן רֹאשׁ֗וֹ וְשַׂ֤ק וָאֵ֙פֶר֙ יַצִּ֔יעַ הֲלָזֶה֙ תִּקְרָא־צ֔וֹם וְי֥וֹם רָצ֖וֹן לַיהוָֽה׃ [Is such the fast that I have chosen? the day for a man to afflict his soul?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1262/) [Is it to bow down his head as a bulrush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1263/) [Wilt thou call this a fast, and an acceptable day to the LORD?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1264/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:1136 # text = הֲכָזֶ֗ה יִֽהְיֶה֙ צ֣וֹם אֶבְחָרֵ֔הוּ י֛וֹם עַנּ֥וֹת אָדָ֖ם נַפְשׁ֑וֹ הֲלָכֹ֨ף כְּאַגְמֹ֜ן רֹאשׁ֗וֹ וְשַׂ֤ק וָאֵ֙פֶר֙ יַצִּ֔יעַ הֲלָזֶה֙ תִּקְרָא־צ֔וֹם וְי֥וֹם רָצ֖וֹן לַיהוָֽה׃ # verse = ISA.58.5 1-3 הֲכָזֶ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=ISA_58:5!1|MId=o230580050011|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 2 כָ כְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_58:5!1|MId=o230580050012|Strong=3509a 3 זֶ֗ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 0 root _ Gloss=this|Ref=ISA_58:5!1|MId=o230580050013|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 4 יִֽהְיֶה֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 cop _ Gloss=is.it|Ref=ISA_58:5!2|MId=o230580050021|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:230580050031;|Type=yiqtol 5 צ֣וֹם צוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].fast|Ref=ISA_58:5!3|MId=o230580050031|Strong=6685 6-7 אֶבְחָרֵ֔הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אֶבְחָר בָּחַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 acl _ Gloss=[which].I|Ref=ISA_58:5!4|MId=o230580050041|Strong=0977|Frame=A0:230580020201;A1:230580050042;|Type=yiqtol 7 ֵ֔הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obj _ Gloss=choose.it|Ref=ISA_58:5!4|MId=o230580050042|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 8 י֛וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ Gloss=a.day|Ref=ISA_58:5!5|MId=o230580050051|Strong=3117 9 עַנּ֥וֹת עָנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 8 acl _ Gloss=to.humble|Ref=ISA_58:5!6|MId=o230580050061|Strong=6031|Frame=A0:230580050071;A1:230580050081;|Type=infinitive_construct 10 אָדָ֖ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=anyone|Ref=ISA_58:5!7|MId=o230580050071|Strong=0120 11-12 נַפְשׁ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=self|Ref=ISA_58:5!8|MId=o230580050081|Strong=5315 12 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_58:5!8|MId=o230580050082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13-15 הֲלָכֹ֨ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_58:5!9|MId=o230580050091|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 14 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=bow|Ref=ISA_58:5!9|MId=o230580050092|Strong=3807a 15 כֹ֨ף כָּפַף VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 parataxis _ Gloss=down?|Ref=ISA_58:5!9|MId=o230580050093|Strong=3721|Frame=A0:230580050071;A1:230580050111;|Type=infinitive_construct 16-17 כְּאַגְמֹ֜ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=like|Ref=ISA_58:5!10|MId=o230580050101|Strong=3509a 17 אַגְמֹ֜ן אַגְמֹון NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=a.bulrush|Ref=ISA_58:5!10|MId=o230580050102|Strong=0100 18-19 רֹאשׁ֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 רֹאשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=head|Ref=ISA_58:5!11|MId=o230580050111|Strong=7218 19 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_58:5!11|MId=o230580050112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְשַׂ֤ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_58:5!12|MId=o230580050121|Strong=2050b 21 שַׂ֤ק שַׂק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obj _ Gloss=sackcloth|Ref=ISA_58:5!12|MId=o230580050122|Strong=8242 22-23 וָאֵ֙פֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_58:5!13|MId=o230580050131|Strong=2050b 23 אֵ֙פֶר֙ אֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 conj _ Gloss=ash[es]|Ref=ISA_58:5!13|MId=o230580050132|Strong=0665 24 יַצִּ֔יעַ יָצַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 conj _ Gloss=he.spreads.as.a.bed|Ref=ISA_58:5!14|MId=o230580050141|Strong=3331|Frame=AA:230580050071;A0:230580050122;230580050132;|Type=yiqtol 25-27 הֲלָזֶה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=ISA_58:5!15|MId=o230580050151|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 26 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=ISA_58:5!15|MId=o230580050152|Strong=3807a 27 זֶה֙ זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 28 obl _ Gloss=this|Ref=ISA_58:5!15|MId=o230580050153|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 28 תִּקְרָא־ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 3 parataxis _ Gloss=do.you.call|Ref=ISA_58:5!16|MId=o230580050161|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:230580010113;A1:230580050171;230580050182;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 29 צ֔וֹם צוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obj _ Gloss=a.fast|Ref=ISA_58:5!17|MId=o230580050171|Strong=6685 30-31 וְי֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_58:5!18|MId=o230580050181|Strong=2050b 31 י֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 conj _ Gloss=a.day|Ref=ISA_58:5!18|MId=o230580050182|Strong=3117 32 רָצ֖וֹן רָצוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.acceptance|Ref=ISA_58:5!19|MId=o230580050191|Strong=7522 33-34 לַיהוָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_58:5!20|MId=o230580050201|Strong=3807a 34 יהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 32 nmod _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_58:5!20|MId=o230580050202|Strong=3068 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=ISA_58:5!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִֽהְיֶה *is it* | yiqtol · qal | צוֹם *\[the\] fast* | | | | | אֶבְחָר *\[which\] I* | yiqtol · qal | | ֵהוּ *choose it* | | | | עַנּוֹת *to humble* | infinitive construct · piel | אָדָם *anyone* | נַפְשׁ *self* | | | | כֹף *down?* | infinitive construct · qal | אָדָם *anyone* | רֹאשׁ *head* | | | | יַצִּיעַ *he spreads as a bed* | yiqtol · hiphil | שַׂק *sackcloth* + אֵפֶר *ash\[es\]* | | | אָדָם *anyone* | | תִּקְרָא־ *do you call* | yiqtol · qal | | צוֹם *a fast* + יוֹם *a day* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הַהָדָא הוּא תַּעֲנִיתָא דְרָעִינָא בָהּ יוֹמָא דִמְסַגֵף אֱנָשָׁא נַפְשֵׁהּ כָּפֵיף רֵישֵׁה כְאַגְמוֹן כָּפֵיף וְעַל סַקָא וְקִיטְמָא בָּאֵית הַלְדָא אַתּוּן קְרַן תַּעֲנִית וְיוֹמָא דְרַעֲוָא בֵיהּ מִן קֳדָם יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Is such the fast that I have chosen? the day for a man to afflict his soul?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1262/) 2. [Is it to bow down his head as a bulrush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1263/) 3. [Wilt thou call this a fast, and an acceptable day to the LORD?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1264/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:1136`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 58:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.58.4/) - next →: [Isaiah 58:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.58.6/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 58](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/58/)