--- title: Isaiah 59:13 — Transgressing and denying the LORD, and turning away from following… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Transgressing and denying the LORD, and turning away from following our God, speaking oppression and perverseness, conceiving and uttering from the heart words of falsehood. Isaiah 59:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.59.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 59](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/59/) / 59:13 # Isaiah 59:13 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **What happens:** transgress, deny, turn away, follow, speak, conceive · **To what, where:** LORD, God, oppression, heart words, falsehood · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 59:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: what happens in the verse to LORD, God, oppression, heart words, falsehood, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. פָּשֹׁ֤עַ וְכַחֵשׁ֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וְנָס֖וֹג מֵאַחַ֣ר אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ דַּבֶּר־עֹ֣שֶׁק וְסָרָ֔ה הֹר֧וֹ וְהֹג֛וֹ מִלֵּ֖ב דִּבְרֵי־שָֽׁקֶר׃ [Transgressing and denying the LORD, and turning away from following our God, speaking oppression and perverseness, conceiving and uttering from the heart words of falsehood.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1286/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:1158 # text = פָּשֹׁ֤עַ וְכַחֵשׁ֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וְנָס֖וֹג מֵאַחַ֣ר אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ דַּבֶּר־עֹ֣שֶׁק וְסָרָ֔ה הֹר֧וֹ וְהֹג֛וֹ מִלֵּ֖ב דִּבְרֵי־שָֽׁקֶר׃ # verse = ISA.59.13 1 פָּשֹׁ֤עַ פָּשַׁע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 0 root _ Gloss=we.have.transgressed|Ref=ISA_59:13!1|MId=o230590130011|Strong=6586|Frame=A0:230390080041;230580010113;|Type=infinitive_absolute 2-3 וְכַחֵשׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_59:13!2|MId=o230590130021|Strong=2050b 3 כַחֵשׁ֙ כָּחַשׁ VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 1 conj _ Gloss=we.have.denied|Ref=ISA_59:13!2|MId=o230590130022|Strong=3584|Frame=A0:230390080041;230580010113;|Type=infinitive_absolute 4-5 בַּֽיהוָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בַּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=ISA_59:13!3|MId=o230590130031|Strong=0871a 5 יהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 1 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_59:13!3|MId=o230590130032|Strong=3068 6-7 וְנָס֖וֹג _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_59:13!4|MId=o230590130041|Strong=2050b 7 נָס֖וֹג סוּג VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 1 conj _ Gloss=we.have.turned.back|Ref=ISA_59:13!4|MId=o230590130042|Strong=5472|Frame=A1:230390080041;230580010113;|Type=infinitive_absolute 8-9 מֵאַחַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=ISA_59:13!5|MId=o230590130051|Strong=4480 9 אַחַ֣ר אַחַר ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=ISA_59:13!5|MId=o230590130052|Strong=0310 10-11 אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֱלֹהֵ֑י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=ISA_59:13!6|MId=o230590130061|Strong=0430 11 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=ISA_59:13!6|MId=o230590130062|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 12 דַּבֶּר־ דָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 1 parataxis _ Gloss=we.have.spoken|Ref=ISA_59:13!7|MId=o230590130071|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:230390080041;230580010113;A1:230590130081;230590130092;|Type=infinitive_absolute|SpaceAfter=No 13 עֹ֣שֶׁק עֹשֶׁק NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=oppression|Ref=ISA_59:13!8|MId=o230590130081|Strong=6233 14-15 וְסָרָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_59:13!9|MId=o230590130091|Strong=2050b 15 סָרָ֔ה סָרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=rebellion|Ref=ISA_59:13!9|MId=o230590130092|Strong=5627a 16 הֹר֧וֹ הָרָה VERB _ HebBinyan=POEL 12 ccomp _ Gloss=we.have.conceived|Ref=ISA_59:13!10|MId=o230590130101|Strong=2029|Frame=A0:230390080041;230580010113;A1:230590130131;|Type=infinitive_absolute 17-18 וְהֹג֛וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_59:13!11|MId=o230590130111|Strong=2050b 18 הֹג֛וֹ הָגָה VERB _ HebBinyan=POEL 16 conj _ Gloss=we.have.uttered|Ref=ISA_59:13!11|MId=o230590130112|Strong=1897|Frame=A0:230390080041;230580010113;A1:230590130131;|Type=infinitive_absolute 19-20 מִלֵּ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=ISA_59:13!12|MId=o230590130121|Strong=4480 20 לֵּ֖ב לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=heart|Ref=ISA_59:13!12|MId=o230590130122|Strong=3820 21 דִּבְרֵי־ דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obj _ Gloss=words|Ref=ISA_59:13!13|MId=o230590130131|Strong=1697|SpaceAfter=No 22 שָֽׁקֶר שֶׁקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.falsehood|Ref=ISA_59:13!14|MId=o230590130141|Strong=8267|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=ISA_59:13!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | פָּשֹׁעַ *we have transgressed* | infinitive absolute · qal | | | | | | כַחֵשׁ *we have denied* | infinitive absolute · piel | | | | | | נָסוֹג *we have turned back* | infinitive absolute · niphal | | | | | | דַּבֶּר־ *we have spoken* | infinitive absolute · piel | | עֹשֶׁק *oppression* + סָרָה *rebellion* | | | | הֹרוֹ *we have conceived* | infinitive absolute · poel | | דִּבְרֵי־ *words* | | | | הֹגוֹ *we have uttered* | infinitive absolute · poel | | דִּבְרֵי־ *words* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} מְרֵידְנָא וְכַדִיבְנָא בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ וְאִסְתְּחַרְנָא לְאַחוֹרָא מִבָּתַר פּוּלְחָנָא דֶאֱלָהָנָא וַהֲוֵינָא מְמַלְלִין שְׁקַר וְסַטְיָא מוֹחַן וּמַפְקִין מִלִבְּהוֹן פִּתְגָמֵי שְׁקָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Transgressing and denying the LORD, and turning away from following our God, speaking oppression and perverseness, conceiving and uttering from the heart words of falsehood.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1286/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:1158`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 59:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.59.12/) - next →: [Isaiah 59:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.59.14/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 59](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/59/)