--- title: Isaiah 6:10 — Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and sh… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they, seeing with their eyes, and hearing with their ears, and understanding with their heart, return, and be healed.' Who acts: you, people. Isaiah 6:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.6.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/6/) / 6:10 # Isaiah 6:10 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** you, people · **What happens:** make, shut, see, hear, understand, return · **To what, where:** heart, ears, eyes This is Isaiah 6:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, people — and what happens in the verse to heart, ears, eyes, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. הַשְׁמֵן֙ לֵב־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה וְאָזְנָ֥יו הַכְבֵּ֖ד וְעֵינָ֣יו הָשַׁ֑ע פֶּן־יִרְאֶ֨ה בְעֵינָ֜יו וּבְאָזְנָ֣יו יִשְׁמָ֗ע וּלְבָב֥וֹ יָבִ֛ין וָשָׁ֖ב וְרָ֥פָא לֽוֹ׃ [Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they, seeing with their eyes, and hearing with their ears, and understanding with their heart, return, and be healed.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.132/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:124 # text = הַשְׁמֵן֙ לֵב־הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה וְאָזְנָ֥יו הַכְבֵּ֖ד וְעֵינָ֣יו הָשַׁ֑ע פֶּן־יִרְאֶ֨ה בְעֵינָ֜יו וּבְאָזְנָ֣יו יִשְׁמָ֗ע וּלְבָב֥וֹ יָבִ֛ין וָשָׁ֖ב וְרָ֥פָא לֽוֹ׃ # verse = ISA.6.10 1 הַשְׁמֵן֙ שָׁמֵן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=make.fat|Ref=ISA_6:10!1|MId=o230060100011|Strong=8080|Frame=AA:230020010041;A0:230060100021;|Type=imperative 2 לֵב־ לֵב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obj _ Gloss=the.heart|Ref=ISA_6:10!2|MId=o230060100021|Strong=3820|SpaceAfter=No 3-4 הָעָ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=ISA_6:10!3|MId=o230060100031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 עָ֣ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=ISA_6:10!3|MId=o230060100032|Strong=5971 5-6 הַזֶּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ISA_6:10!4|MId=o230060100041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 זֶּ֔ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 4 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=ISA_6:10!4|MId=o230060100042|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 7-9 וְאָזְנָ֥יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_6:10!5|MId=o230060100051|Strong=2050b 8 אָזְנָ֥י אֹזֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 10 obj _ Gloss=ears|Ref=ISA_6:10!5|MId=o230060100052|Strong=0241 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_6:10!5|MId=o230060100053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10 הַכְבֵּ֖ד כָּבֵד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=make.heavy|Ref=ISA_6:10!6|MId=o230060100061|Strong=3513|Frame=AA:230020010041;A0:230060100052;|Type=imperative 11-13 וְעֵינָ֣יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_6:10!7|MId=o230060100071|Strong=2050b 12 עֵינָ֣י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 14 obj _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=ISA_6:10!7|MId=o230060100072|Strong=5869 13 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_6:10!7|MId=o230060100073|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14 הָשַׁ֑ע שָׁעַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 10 conj _ Gloss=seal.over|Ref=ISA_6:10!8|MId=o230060100081|Strong=8173|Frame=AA:230020010041;A0:230060100072;|Type=imperative 15 פֶּן־ פֶּן SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=lest|Ref=ISA_6:10!9|MId=o230060100091|Strong=6435|SpaceAfter=No 16 יִרְאֶ֨ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 advcl _ Gloss=it.should.see|Ref=ISA_6:10!10|MId=o230060100101|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:230060100032;|Type=yiqtol 17-19 בְעֵינָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ISA_6:10!11|MId=o230060100111|Strong=0871a 18 עֵינָ֜י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 16 obl _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=ISA_6:10!11|MId=o230060100112|Strong=5869 19 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_6:10!11|MId=o230060100113|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-23 וּבְאָזְנָ֣יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_6:10!12|MId=o230060100121|Strong=2050b 21 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ISA_6:10!12|MId=o230060100122|Strong=0871a 22 אָזְנָ֣י אֹזֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 24 obl _ Gloss=ears|Ref=ISA_6:10!12|MId=o230060100123|Strong=0241 23 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_6:10!12|MId=o230060100124|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24 יִשְׁמָ֗ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 conj _ Gloss=it.will.hear|Ref=ISA_6:10!13|MId=o230060100131|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:230060100032;|Type=yiqtol 25-27 וּלְבָב֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_6:10!14|MId=o230060100141|Strong=2050b 26 לְבָב לֵבָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=heart|Ref=ISA_6:10!14|MId=o230060100142|Strong=3824 27 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_6:10!14|MId=o230060100143|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28 יָבִ֛ין בִּין VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 conj _ Gloss=it.will.understand|Ref=ISA_6:10!15|MId=o230060100151|Strong=0995|Frame=A0:230060100142;|Type=yiqtol 29-30 וָשָׁ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_6:10!16|MId=o230060100161|Strong=2050b 30 שָׁ֖ב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 conj _ Gloss=it.will.return|Ref=ISA_6:10!16|MId=o230060100162|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:230060100032;|Type=weqatal 31-32 וְרָ֥פָא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_6:10!17|MId=o230060100171|Strong=2050b 32 רָ֥פָא רָפָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 conj _ Gloss=someone.will.heal|Ref=ISA_6:10!17|MId=o230060100172|Strong=7495|Frame=A0:230060080041;|Type=weqatal 33-34 לֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 ל לְ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=ISA_6:10!18|MId=o230060100181|Strong=3807a 34 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ISA_6:10!18|MId=o230060100182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=ISA_6:10!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַשְׁמֵן *make fat* | imperative · hiphil | לֵב־ *the heart* | | | | | הַכְבֵּד *make heavy* | imperative · hiphil | אָזְנָי *ears* | | | | | הָשַׁע *seal over* | imperative · hiphil | עֵינָי *eyes* | | | | | יִרְאֶה *it should see* | yiqtol · qal | עָם *the people* | | | | | יִשְׁמָע *it will hear* | yiqtol · qal | עָם *the people* | | | | | יָבִין *it will understand* | yiqtol · qal | לְבָב *heart* | | | | | שָׁב *it will return* | weqatal · qal | עָם *the people* | | | | | רָפָא *someone will heal* | weqatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} טַפֵּישׁ לִבֵּיהּ דְעַמָא הָדֵין וְאוּדְנוֹהִי יַקֵר וְעֵינוֹהִי עַמְעָם דִלְמָא יֶחֱזוּן בְּעֵינֵיהוֹן וּבְאוּדְנֵיהוֹן יִשְׁמְעוּן וּבְלִבְּהוֹן יִסְתַּכְּלוּן וִיתוּבוּן וְיִשְׁתְּבֵק לְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they, seeing with their eyes, and hearing with their ears, and understanding with their heart, return, and be healed.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.132/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:124`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 6:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.6.9/) - next →: [Isaiah 6:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.6.11/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/6/)