--- title: Isaiah 66:16 — For by fire will the LORD contend, and by His sword with all flesh;… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: For by fire will the LORD contend, and by His sword with all flesh; and the slain of the LORD shall be many. Who acts: LORD, slain. Isaiah 66:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.66.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 66](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/66/) / 66:16 # Isaiah 66:16 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD, slain · **What happens:** contend, be This is Isaiah 66:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, slain — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֤י בָאֵשׁ֙ יְהוָ֣ה נִשְׁפָּ֔ט וּבְחַרְבּ֖וֹ אֶת־כָּל־בָּשָׂ֑ר וְרַבּ֖וּ חַֽלְלֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ [For by fire will the LORD contend, and by His sword with all flesh; and the slain of the LORD shall be many.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1423/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:1282 # text = כִּ֤י בָאֵשׁ֙ יְהוָ֣ה נִשְׁפָּ֔ט וּבְחַרְבּ֖וֹ אֶת־כָּל־בָּשָׂ֑ר וְרַבּ֖וּ חַֽלְלֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃ # verse = ISA.66.16 1 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_66:16!1|MId=o230660160011|Strong=3588 2-4 בָאֵשׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=ISA_66:16!2|MId=o230660160021|Strong=0871a 3 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=ISA_66:16!2|MId=o230660160021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אֵשׁ֙ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=ISA_66:16!2|MId=o230660160022|Strong=0784 5 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=ISA_66:16!3|MId=o230660160031|Strong=3068 6 נִשְׁפָּ֔ט שָׁפַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[will].enter.into.judgment|Ref=ISA_66:16!4|MId=o230660160041|Strong=8199|Frame=A0:230660160031;|Type=participle_active 7-10 וּבְחַרְבּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_66:16!5|MId=o230660160051|Strong=2050b 8 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=ISA_66:16!5|MId=o230660160052|Strong=0871a 9 חַרְבּ חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 conj _ Gloss=sword|Ref=ISA_66:16!5|MId=o230660160053|Strong=2719 10 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_66:16!5|MId=o230660160054|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=ISA_66:16!6|MId=o230660160061|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 12 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_66:16!7|MId=o230660160071|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 13 בָּשָׂ֑ר בָּשָׂר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=flesh|Ref=ISA_66:16!8|MId=o230660160081|Strong=1320 14-15 וְרַבּ֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_66:16!9|MId=o230660160091|Strong=2050b 15 רַבּ֖וּ רָבַב VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 6 conj _ Gloss=they.will.be.many|Ref=ISA_66:16!9|MId=o230660160092|Strong=7231|Frame=A0:230660160101;|Type=weqatal 16 חַֽלְלֵ֥י חָלָל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ Gloss=[those].slain|Ref=ISA_66:16!10|MId=o230660160101|Strong=2491|Type=adjective 17 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=ISA_66:16!11|MId=o230660160111|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 18 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 17 punct _ Ref=ISA_66:16!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נִשְׁפָּט *\[will\] enter into judgment* | participle active · niphal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | רַבּוּ *they will be many* | weqatal · qal | חַֽלְלֵי *\[those\] slain* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי בְּאֶשְׁתָּא עֲתִיד יְיָ לְמִידַן וּבְחַרְבֵּיהּ יַת כָּל בִּשְׂרָא וְסַגִיאִין קְטִילַיָא קֳדָם יְיָ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [For by fire will the LORD contend, and by His sword with all flesh; and the slain of the LORD shall be many.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.1423/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:1282`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 66:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.66.15/) - next →: [Isaiah 66:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.66.17/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 66](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/66/)