--- title: Isaiah 7:16 — Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land whose two kings thou hast a horror of shall be forsaken. Who acts: child, thou. Isaiah 7:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.7.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/7/) / 7:16 # Isaiah 7:16 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** child, thou · **What happens:** know, refuse, choose, have, forsake · **To what, where:** evil, good, two kings, land This is Isaiah 7:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — child, thou — and what happens in the verse to evil, good, two kings, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. כִּ֠י בְּטֶ֨רֶם יֵדַ֥ע הַנַּ֛עַר מָאֹ֥ס בָּרָ֖ע וּבָחֹ֣ר בַּטּ֑וֹב תֵּעָזֵ֤ב הָאֲדָמָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתָּ֣ה קָ֔ץ מִפְּנֵ֖י שְׁנֵ֥י מְלָכֶֽיהָ׃ [Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land whose two kings thou hast a horror of shall be forsaken.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.152/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:143 # text = כִּ֠י בְּטֶ֨רֶם יֵדַ֥ע הַנַּ֛עַר מָאֹ֥ס בָּרָ֖ע וּבָחֹ֣ר בַּטּ֑וֹב תֵּעָזֵ֤ב הָאֲדָמָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אַתָּ֣ה קָ֔ץ מִפְּנֵ֖י שְׁנֵ֥י מְלָכֶֽיהָ׃ # verse = ISA.7.16 1 כִּ֠י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_7:16!1|MId=o230070160011|Strong=3588 2-3 בְּטֶ֨רֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 3 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=ISA_7:16!2|MId=o230070160021|Strong=0871a 3 טֶ֨רֶם טֶרֶם ADV _ _ 4 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_7:16!2|MId=o230070160022|Strong=2962 4 יֵדַ֥ע יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 parataxis _ Gloss=he.will.know|Ref=ISA_7:16!3|MId=o230070160031|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:230070160042;A1:230070160051;230070160072;|Type=yiqtol 5-6 הַנַּ֛עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_7:16!4|MId=o230070160041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 נַּ֛עַר נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=lad|Ref=ISA_7:16!4|MId=o230070160042|Strong=5288 7 מָאֹ֥ס מָאַס VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 ccomp _ Gloss=to.reject|Ref=ISA_7:16!5|MId=o230070160051|Strong=3988|Frame=A0:230070160042;|Type=infinitive_absolute 8-10 בָּרָ֖ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=ISA_7:16!6|MId=o230070160061|Strong=0871a 9 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_7:16!6|MId=o230070160061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 רָ֖ע רַע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=evil|Ref=ISA_7:16!6|MId=o230070160062|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 11-12 וּבָחֹ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_7:16!7|MId=o230070160071|Strong=2050b 12 בָחֹ֣ר בָּחַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 7 conj _ Gloss=to.choose|Ref=ISA_7:16!7|MId=o230070160072|Strong=0977|Frame=A0:230070160042;|Type=infinitive_absolute 13-15 בַּטּ֑וֹב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=ISA_7:16!8|MId=o230070160081|Strong=0871a 14 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_7:16!8|MId=o230070160081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 טּ֑וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=good|Ref=ISA_7:16!8|MId=o230070160082|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 16 תֵּעָזֵ֤ב עָזַב VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.be.forsaken|Ref=ISA_7:16!9|MId=o230070160091|Strong=5800|Frame=A1:230070160102;|Type=yiqtol 17-18 הָאֲדָמָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_7:16!10|MId=o230070160101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 אֲדָמָה֙ אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ Gloss=land|Ref=ISA_7:16!10|MId=o230070160102|Strong=0127 19 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 21 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=ISA_7:16!11|MId=o230070160111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 20 אַתָּ֣ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_7:16!12|MId=o230070160121|Strong=0859|Type=personal 21 קָ֔ץ קוּץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[are].feeling.dread|Ref=ISA_7:16!13|MId=o230070160131|Strong=6973|Frame=A0:230070160121;A1:230070160102;|Type=participle_active 22-23 מִפְּנֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=ISA_7:16!14|MId=o230070160141|Strong=4480 23 פְּנֵ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 21 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_7:16!14|MId=o230070160142|Strong=6440 24 שְׁנֵ֥י שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 25 nummod _ Gloss=the.two|Ref=ISA_7:16!15|MId=o230070160151|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 25-26 מְלָכֶֽיהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 מְלָכֶֽי מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=kings|Ref=ISA_7:16!16|MId=o230070160161|Strong=4428 26 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_7:16!16|MId=o230070160162|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=ISA_7:16!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵדַע *he will know* | yiqtol · qal | נַּעַר *lad* | מָאֹס *to reject* + בָחֹר *to choose* | | | | מָאֹס *to reject* | infinitive absolute · qal | נַּעַר *lad* | | | | | בָחֹר *to choose* | infinitive absolute · qal | נַּעַר *lad* | | | | | תֵּעָזֵב *it will be forsaken* | yiqtol · niphal | | אֲדָמָה *land* | | | | קָץ *\[are\] feeling dread* | participle active · qal | אַתָּה *you* | אֲדָמָה *land* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} אֲרֵי עַד לָא יְדַע עוּלֵימָא לְרָחָקָא בִישָׁא וּלְקָרָבָא טָבָא תִּתְרְטִישׁ אַרְעָא דִי אַתְּ מְעִיק מִן קֳדָם תְּרֵין מַלְכָּהָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Yea, before the child shall know to refuse the evil, and choose the good, the land whose two kings thou hast a horror of shall be forsaken.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.152/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:143`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 7:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.7.15/) - next →: [Isaiah 7:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.7.17/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/7/)