--- title: Isaiah 8:19 — And when they shall say unto you: 'Seek unto the ghosts and the fami… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when they shall say unto you: 'Seek unto the ghosts and the familiar spirits, that chirp and that mutter; should not a people seek unto their God? on behalf of the living unto the dead Who acts: wonders, you, familiar spirits, that. Isaiah 8:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/8/) / 8:19 # Isaiah 8:19 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** wonders, you, familiar spirits, that, people · **What happens:** say, seek, chirp, mutter, not seek · **To what, where:** behalf · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 8:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wonders, you, familiar spirits, that, people — and what happens in the verse to behalf, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְכִֽי־יֹאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵיכֶ֗ם דִּרְשׁ֤וּ אֶל־הָאֹבוֹת֙ וְאֶל־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים הַֽמְצַפְצְפִ֖ים וְהַמַּהְגִּ֑ים הֲלוֹא־עַם֙ אֶל־אֱלֹהָ֣יו יִדְרֹ֔שׁ בְּעַ֥ד הַחַיִּ֖ים אֶל־הַמֵּתִֽים׃ [And when they shall say unto you: 'Seek unto the ghosts and the familiar spirits, that chirp and that mutter; should not a people seek unto their God? on behalf of the living unto the dead](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.181/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:171 # text = וְכִֽי־יֹאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵיכֶ֗ם דִּרְשׁ֤וּ אֶל־הָאֹבוֹת֙ וְאֶל־הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים הַֽמְצַפְצְפִ֖ים וְהַמַּהְגִּ֑ים הֲלוֹא־עַם֙ אֶל־אֱלֹהָ֣יו יִדְרֹ֔שׁ בְּעַ֥ד הַחַיִּ֖ים אֶל־הַמֵּתִֽים׃ # verse = ISA.8.19 1-2 וְכִֽי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:19!1|MId=o230080190011|Strong=2050b 2 כִֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 3 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_8:19!1|MId=o230080190012|Strong=3588 3 יֹאמְר֣וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.will.say|Ref=ISA_8:19!2|MId=o230080190021|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:;|Type=yiqtol 4-5 אֲלֵיכֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_8:19!3|MId=o230080190031|Strong=0413 5 כֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=ISA_8:19!3|MId=o230080190032|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 6 דִּרְשׁ֤וּ דָּרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 3 ccomp _ Gloss=consult|Ref=ISA_8:19!4|MId=o230080190041|Strong=1875|Frame=A0:230070030041;230080160052;|Type=imperative 7 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=ISA_8:19!5|MId=o230080190051|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 הָאֹבוֹת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_8:19!6|MId=o230080190061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אֹבוֹת֙ אוֹב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 obl _ Gloss=necromancers|Ref=ISA_8:19!6|MId=o230080190062|Strong=0178 10-11 וְאֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:19!7|MId=o230080190071|Strong=2050b 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=ISA_8:19!7|MId=o230080190072|Strong=0413 12-13 הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_8:19!8|MId=o230080190081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 יִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים יִדְּעֹנִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=soothsayers|Ref=ISA_8:19!8|MId=o230080190082|Strong=3049 14-15 הַֽמְצַפְצְפִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַֽ הַ SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=ISA_8:19!9|MId=o230080190091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מְצַפְצְפִ֖ים צָפַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PILPEL|Number=Plur 13 acl:relcl _ Gloss=whisper|Ref=ISA_8:19!9|MId=o230080190092|Strong=6850|Frame=A0:230080190082;|Type=participle_active 16-18 וְהַמַּהְגִּ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:19!10|MId=o230080190101|Strong=2050b 17 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=ISA_8:19!10|MId=o230080190102|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 מַּהְגִּ֑ים הָגָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 15 conj _ Gloss=mutter|Ref=ISA_8:19!10|MId=o230080190103|Strong=1897|Frame=A0:230080190082;|Type=participle_active 19-20 הֲלוֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=ISA_8:19!11|MId=o230080190111|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 20 לוֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_8:19!11|MId=o230080190112|Strong=3808|Type=negative 21 עַם֙ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=a.people|Ref=ISA_8:19!12|MId=o230080190121|Strong=5971 22 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=ISA_8:19!13|MId=o230080190131|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 אֱלֹהָ֣יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אֱלֹהָ֣י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 obl _ Gloss=God|Ref=ISA_8:19!14|MId=o230080190141|Strong=0430 24 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_8:19!14|MId=o230080190142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25 יִדְרֹ֔שׁ דָּרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 parataxis _ Gloss=will.it.consult|Ref=ISA_8:19!15|MId=o230080190151|Strong=1875|Frame=A0:230080190121;|Type=yiqtol 26 בְּעַ֥ד בַּעַד ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_8:19!16|MId=o230080190161|Strong=1157 27-28 הַחַיִּ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_8:19!17|MId=o230080190171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 חַיִּ֖ים חַי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 parataxis _ Gloss=living|Ref=ISA_8:19!17|MId=o230080190172|Strong=2416a|Type=adjective 29 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=ISA_8:19!18|MId=o230080190181|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 הַמֵּתִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 31 mark _ Gloss=the|Ref=ISA_8:19!19|MId=o230080190191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 מֵּתִֽים מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 28 advcl _ Gloss=dead|Ref=ISA_8:19!19|MId=o230080190192|Strong=4191|Type=participle_active 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=ISA_8:19!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹאמְרוּ *they will say* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | דִּרְשׁוּ *consult* | imperative · qal | | | | | | מְצַפְצְפִים *whisper* | participle active · pilpel | יִּדְּעֹנִים *soothsayers* | | | | | מַּהְגִּים *mutter* | participle active · hiphil | יִּדְּעֹנִים *soothsayers* | | | | | **not** יִדְרֹשׁ *will it consult* | yiqtol · qal | עַם *a people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲרֵי יֵימְרוּן לְכוֹן עַמְמַיָא דְאַתּוּן בֵּינֵיהוֹן תְּבָעוּ מִן בִּדִין וּמִן זְכוּרוּ דִמְנַצְפִין וְדִמְנַהֲמִין הֲלָא כֵן אוֹרַח עַמְמַיָא פַלְחֵי טַעֲוָתָא עַמָא מִן טַעֲוָתֵיהּ תַּבְעִין חַיָא מִן מֵיתַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when they shall say unto you: 'Seek unto the ghosts and the familiar spirits, that chirp and that mutter; should not a people seek unto their God? on behalf of the living unto the dead](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.181/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:171`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 8:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.18/) - next →: [Isaiah 8:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.20/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/8/)