--- title: Isaiah 8:21 — And they shall pass this way that are sore bestead and hungry; and i… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they shall pass this way that are sore bestead and hungry; and it shall come to pass that, when they shall be hungry, they shall fret themselves, and curse by their king and by their God, and, whether they turn their faces upward, Who acts: wonders, way. Isaiah 8:21 in Hebrew with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/8/) / 8:21 # Isaiah 8:21 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** wonders, way · **What happens:** pass, be, come, fret, curse, turn · **To what, where:** way, wonders, faces This is Isaiah 8:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — wonders, way — and what happens in the verse to way, wonders, faces, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעָ֥בַר בָּ֖הּ נִקְשֶׁ֣ה וְרָעֵ֑ב וְהָיָ֨ה כִֽי־יִרְעַ֜ב וְהִתְקַצַּ֗ף וְקִלֵּ֧ל בְּמַלְכּ֛וֹ וּבֵאלֹהָ֖יו וּפָנָ֥ה לְמָֽעְלָה׃ [And they shall pass this way that are sore bestead and hungry; and it shall come to pass that, when they shall be hungry, they shall fret themselves, and curse by their king and by their God, and, whether they turn their faces upward,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.183/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:173 # text = וְעָ֥בַר בָּ֖הּ נִקְשֶׁ֣ה וְרָעֵ֑ב וְהָיָ֨ה כִֽי־יִרְעַ֜ב וְהִתְקַצַּ֗ף וְקִלֵּ֧ל בְּמַלְכּ֛וֹ וּבֵאלֹהָ֖יו וּפָנָ֥ה לְמָֽעְלָה׃ # verse = ISA.8.21 1-2 וְעָ֥בַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:21!1|MId=o230080210011|Strong=2050b 2 עָ֥בַר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.pass|Ref=ISA_8:21!1|MId=o230080210012|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:;|Type=weqatal 3-4 בָּ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_8:21!2|MId=o230080210021|Strong=0871a 4 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=ISA_8:21!2|MId=o230080210022|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 5 נִקְשֶׁ֣ה קָשָׁה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=hard.pressed|Ref=ISA_8:21!3|MId=o230080210031|Strong=7185|Type=participle_active 6-7 וְרָעֵ֑ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:21!4|MId=o230080210041|Strong=2050b 7 רָעֵ֑ב רָעֵב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=hungry|Ref=ISA_8:21!4|MId=o230080210042|Strong=7457|Type=adjective 8-9 וְהָיָ֨ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:21!5|MId=o230080210051|Strong=2050b 9 הָיָ֨ה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=ISA_8:21!5|MId=o230080210052|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 10 כִֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_8:21!6|MId=o230080210061|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 11 יִרְעַ֜ב רָעֵב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=it.will.be.hungry|Ref=ISA_8:21!7|MId=o230080210071|Strong=7456|Frame=A0:;|Type=yiqtol 12-13 וְהִתְקַצַּ֗ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:21!8|MId=o230080210081|Strong=2050b 13 הִתְקַצַּ֗ף קָצַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.enraged|Ref=ISA_8:21!8|MId=o230080210082|Strong=7107|Frame=A0:;|Type=weqatal 14-15 וְקִלֵּ֧ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:21!9|MId=o230080210091|Strong=2050b 15 קִלֵּ֧ל קָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 conj _ Gloss=it.will.curse|Ref=ISA_8:21!9|MId=o230080210092|Strong=7043|Frame=A0:;|Type=weqatal 16-18 בְּמַלְכּ֛וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=ISA_8:21!10|MId=o230080210101|Strong=0871a 17 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=ISA_8:21!10|MId=o230080210102|Strong=4428 18 ֛וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_8:21!10|MId=o230080210103|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19-22 וּבֵאלֹהָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:21!11|MId=o230080210111|Strong=2050b 20 בֵ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=ISA_8:21!11|MId=o230080210112|Strong=0871a 21 אלֹהָ֖י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 conj _ Gloss=God|Ref=ISA_8:21!11|MId=o230080210113|Strong=0430 22 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_8:21!11|MId=o230080210114|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23-24 וּפָנָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:21!12|MId=o230080210121|Strong=2050b 24 פָנָ֥ה פָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 conj _ Gloss=it.will.turn|Ref=ISA_8:21!12|MId=o230080210122|Strong=6437|Frame=A0:;|Type=weqatal 25-27 לְמָֽעְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=ISA_8:21!13|MId=o230080210131|Strong=3807a 26 מָֽעְל מַעַל ADV _ _ 24 obl _ Gloss=upwards|Ref=ISA_8:21!13|MId=o230080210132|Strong=4605 27 ָה ה X _ _ 26 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_8:21!13|MId=o230080210133|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=ISA_8:21!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָבַר *it will pass* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | יִרְעַב *it will be hungry* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | הִתְקַצַּף *it will be enraged* | weqatal · hithpael | | | | | | קִלֵּל *it will curse* | weqatal · piel | | | | | | פָנָה *it will turn* | weqatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְיַעֲדֵי תַקְלָא בְּאַרְעָא וִיהֵי עָקָא וּכְפַן וִיהֵי אֲרֵי יֶחֱזֵי כְפַן וְסִיגוּף וְיִלוּט וְיִבְזֵי שׁוּם פְּתַכְרֵיהּ וְטַעֲוָתֵיהּ וְיִתְפְּנֵי לְעֵילָא לְמִיבְעֵי פּוּרְקַן בָּתַר דְתִתְחַתֵּם גְזֵירָתָא וְלָא יִכּוֹל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they shall pass this way that are sore bestead and hungry; and it shall come to pass that, when they shall be hungry, they shall fret themselves, and curse by their king and by their God, and, whether they turn their faces upward,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.183/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:173`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 8:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.20/) - next →: [Isaiah 8:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.22/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/8/)