--- title: Isaiah 8:8 — And he shall sweep through Judah overflowing as he passeth through h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he shall sweep through Judah overflowing as he passeth through he shall reach even to the neck; and the stretching out of his wings shall fill the breadth of thy land, O Immanuel. Who acts: LORD, stretching. Isaiah 8:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmat --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/8/) / 8:8 # Isaiah 8:8 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** LORD, stretching · **What happens:** sweep, overflow, pass through, reach, fill · **To what, where:** Judah, breadth This is Isaiah 8:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, stretching — and what happens in the verse to Judah, breadth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְחָלַ֤ף בִּֽיהוּדָה֙ שָׁטַ֣ף וְעָבַ֔ר עַד־צַוָּ֖אר יַגִּ֑יעַ וְהָיָה֙ מֻטּ֣וֹת כְּנָפָ֔יו מְלֹ֥א רֹֽחַב־אַרְצְךָ֖ עִמָּ֥נוּ אֵֽל עִמָּ֥נוּ אֵֽל׃ס [And he shall sweep through Judah overflowing as he passeth through he shall reach even to the neck; and the stretching out of his wings shall fill the breadth of thy land, O Immanuel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.170/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:160 # text = וְחָלַ֤ף בִּֽיהוּדָה֙ שָׁטַ֣ף וְעָבַ֔ר עַד־צַוָּ֖אר יַגִּ֑יעַ וְהָיָה֙ מֻטּ֣וֹת כְּנָפָ֔יו מְלֹ֥א רֹֽחַב־אַרְצְךָ֖ עִמָּ֥נוּ אֵֽל עִמָּ֥נוּ אֵֽל׃ס # verse = ISA.8.8 1-2 וְחָלַ֤ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:8!1|MId=o230080080011|Strong=2050b 2 חָלַ֤ף חָלַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.pass.on|Ref=ISA_8:8!1|MId=o230080080012|Strong=2498|Frame=A0:230080070071;|Type=weqatal 3-4 בִּֽיהוּדָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בִּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=ISA_8:8!2|MId=o230080080021|Strong=0871a 4 יהוּדָה֙ יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=ISA_8:8!2|MId=o230080080022|Strong=3063 5 שָׁטַ֣ף שָׁטַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.overflow|Ref=ISA_8:8!3|MId=o230080080031|Strong=7857|Frame=A0:230080070071;|Type=qatal 6-7 וְעָבַ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:8!4|MId=o230080080041|Strong=2050b 7 עָבַ֔ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.will.pass.over|Ref=ISA_8:8!4|MId=o230080080042|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:230080070071;|Type=weqatal 8 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=ISA_8:8!5|MId=o230080080051|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 9 צַוָּ֖אר צַוָּאר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=[the].neck|Ref=ISA_8:8!6|MId=o230080080061|Strong=6677 10 יַגִּ֑יעַ נָגַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.reach|Ref=ISA_8:8!7|MId=o230080080071|Strong=5060|Frame=A0:230080070071;|Type=yiqtol 11-12 וְהָיָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_8:8!8|MId=o230080080081|Strong=2050b 12 הָיָה֙ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=ISA_8:8!8|MId=o230080080082|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:230080080091;|Type=weqatal 13 מֻטּ֣וֹת מֻטָּה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ Gloss=the.spreading(s)|Ref=ISA_8:8!9|MId=o230080080091|Strong=4298 14-15 כְּנָפָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 כְּנָפָ֔י כָּנָף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=its.wings|Ref=ISA_8:8!10|MId=o230080080101|Strong=3671 15 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_8:8!10|MId=o230080080102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16 מְלֹ֥א מְלֹא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=the.fullness|Ref=ISA_8:8!11|MId=o230080080111|Strong=4393 17 רֹֽחַב־ רֹחַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.breadth|Ref=ISA_8:8!12|MId=o230080080121|Strong=7341|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 אַרְצְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אַרְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=your.land|Ref=ISA_8:8!13|MId=o230080080131|Strong=0776 19 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=ISA_8:8!13|MId=o230080080132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 20 עִמָּ֥נוּ עִם PROPN _ _ 16 parataxis _ Gloss=O|Ref=ISA_8:8!14|MId=o230080080141 21 אֵֽל _ PROPN _ _ 20 flat:name _ Ref=ISA_8:8!14 22 עִמָּ֥נוּ אֵל PROPN _ _ 20 dep _ Gloss=Immanuel|Ref=ISA_8:8!15|MId=o230080080151 23 אֵֽל _ PROPN _ _ 22 flat:name _ Ref=ISA_8:8!15|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=ISA_8:8!15|SpaceAfter=No 25 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=ISA_8:8!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | חָלַף *it will pass on* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | שָׁטַף *it will overflow* | qatal · qal | | | | | | עָבַר *it will pass over* | weqatal · qal | | | | | | יַגִּיעַ *it will reach* | yiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | הָיָה *it will be* | weqatal · qal | מֻטּוֹת *the spreading(s)* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְיַעְדֵי בְאַרְעָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה כְּנַחַל מְגַבֵּר עַד יְרוּשְׁלֵם יִמְטֵי וִיהֵי עַם מַשִׁרְיָתֵיהּ מָלֵי פְתָאֵי אַרְעָךְ עִמָנוּ אֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he shall sweep through Judah overflowing as he passeth through he shall reach even to the neck; and the stretching out of his wings shall fill the breadth of thy land, O Immanuel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.170/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:160`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 8:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.7/) - next →: [Isaiah 8:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.8.9/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/8/)