--- title: Isaiah 9:16 — Therefore the Lord shall have no joy in their young men, neither sha… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore the Lord shall have no joy in their young men, neither shall He have compassion on their fatherless and widows; for every one is ungodly and an evil-doer, and every mouth speaketh wantonness. For all this His anger is not turned away, but His hand is stretched out still. Who acts: Lord, on --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.9.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/9/) / 9:16 # Isaiah 9:16 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** Lord, one, mouth · **What happens:** have, be, speak, not turn away, stretch out, anger · **To what, where:** joy, compassion, fatherless, wantonness, anger, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Isaiah 9:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Lord, one, mouth — and what happens in the verse to joy, compassion, fatherless, wantonness, anger, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. עַל־כֵּ֨ן עַל־בַּחוּרָ֜יו לֹֽא־יִשְׂמַ֣ח ׀ אֲדֹנָ֗י וְאֶת־יְתֹמָ֤יו וְאֶת־אַלְמְנֹתָיו֙ לֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔ם כִּ֤י כֻלּוֹ֙ חָנֵ֣ף וּמֵרַ֔ע וְכָל־פֶּ֖ה דֹּבֵ֣ר נְבָלָ֑ה בְּכָל־זֹאת֙ לֹא־שָׁ֣ב אַפּ֔וֹ וְע֖וֹד יָד֥וֹ נְטוּיָֽה׃ [Therefore the Lord shall have no joy in their young men, neither shall He have compassion on their fatherless and widows; for every one is ungodly and an evil-doer, and every mouth speaketh wantonness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.204/) [For all this His anger is not turned away, but His hand is stretched out still.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.205/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:191 # text = עַל־כֵּ֨ן עַל־בַּחוּרָ֜יו לֹֽא־יִשְׂמַ֣ח ׀ אֲדֹנָ֗י וְאֶת־יְתֹמָ֤יו וְאֶת־אַלְמְנֹתָיו֙ לֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔ם כִּ֤י כֻלּוֹ֙ חָנֵ֣ף וּמֵרַ֔ע וְכָל־פֶּ֖ה דֹּבֵ֣ר נְבָלָ֑ה בְּכָל־זֹאת֙ לֹא־שָׁ֣ב אַפּ֔וֹ וְע֖וֹד יָד֥וֹ נְטוּיָֽה׃ # verse = ISA.9.16 1 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 2 case _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=ISA_9:16!1|MId=o230090160011|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 2 כֵּ֨ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=|Ref=ISA_9:16!2|MId=o230090160021|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 3 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=ISA_9:16!3|MId=o230090160031|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 בַּחוּרָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בַּחוּרָ֜י בָּחוּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 obl _ Gloss=men|Ref=ISA_9:16!4|MId=o230090160041|Strong=0970 5 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its.young|Ref=ISA_9:16!4|MId=o230090160042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_9:16!5|MId=o230090160051|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 7 יִשְׂמַ֣ח שָׂמַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.rejoices|Ref=ISA_9:16!6|MId=o230090160061|Strong=8055|Frame=A0:230090160071;|Type=yiqtol 8 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ Ref=ISA_9:16!6 9-10 אֲדֹנָ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אֲדֹנ אֲדֹנָי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Lord|Ref=ISA_9:16!7|MId=o230090160071|Strong=0136 10 ָ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=[the]|Ref=ISA_9:16!7|MId=o230090160072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 11-12 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_9:16!8|MId=o230090160081|Strong=2050b 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ISA_9:16!8|MId=o230090160082|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13-14 יְתֹמָ֤יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 יְתֹמָ֤י יָתוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 20 obj _ Gloss=ones|Ref=ISA_9:16!9|MId=o230090160091|Strong=3490 14 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its.fatherless|Ref=ISA_9:16!9|MId=o230090160092|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-16 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_9:16!10|MId=o230090160101|Strong=2050b 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=ISA_9:16!10|MId=o230090160102|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 17-18 אַלְמְנֹתָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אַלְמְנֹתָי אַלְמָנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 13 conj _ Gloss=widows|Ref=ISA_9:16!11|MId=o230090160111|Strong=0490 18 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=its|Ref=ISA_9:16!11|MId=o230090160112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_9:16!12|MId=o230090160121|Strong=3808|Type=negative 20 יְרַחֵ֔ם רָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.has.compassion.on|Ref=ISA_9:16!13|MId=o230090160131|Strong=7355|Frame=A0:230090160071;A1:230090160091;230090160111;|Type=yiqtol 21 כִּ֤י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=ISA_9:16!14|MId=o230090160141|Strong=3588 22-23 כֻלּוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 כֻלּ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=of.it|Ref=ISA_9:16!15|MId=o230090160151|Strong=3605 23 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_9:16!15|MId=o230090160152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24 חָנֵ֣ף חָנֵף ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[is].godless|Ref=ISA_9:16!16|MId=o230090160161|Strong=2611|Type=adjective 25-26 וּמֵרַ֔ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_9:16!17|MId=o230090160171|Strong=2050b 26 מֵרַ֔ע רָעַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 24 conj _ Gloss=doing.evil|Ref=ISA_9:16!17|MId=o230090160172|Strong=7489|Frame=A0:230090150032;|Type=participle_active 27-28 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_9:16!18|MId=o230090160181|Strong=2050b 28 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ Gloss=every|Ref=ISA_9:16!18|MId=o230090160182|Strong=3605 29 פֶּ֖ה פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=ISA_9:16!19|MId=o230090160191|Strong=6310 30 דֹּבֵ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[is].speaking|Ref=ISA_9:16!20|MId=o230090160201|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:230090160191;A1:230090160211;|Type=participle_active 31 נְבָלָ֑ה נְבָלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 30 obj _ Gloss=disgraceful.folly|Ref=ISA_9:16!21|MId=o230090160211|Strong=5039 32-33 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=ISA_9:16!22|MId=o230090160221|Strong=0871a 33 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=ISA_9:16!22|MId=o230090160222|Strong=3605 34 זֹאת֙ זֹאת DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 33 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=ISA_9:16!23|MId=o230090160231|Strong=2063|Type=demonstrative 35 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 36 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=ISA_9:16!24|MId=o230090160241|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 36 שָׁ֣ב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 30 ccomp _ Gloss=it.has.turned.back|Ref=ISA_9:16!25|MId=o230090160251|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:230090160261;|Type=qatal 37-38 אַפּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 אַפּ אַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ Gloss=anger|Ref=ISA_9:16!26|MId=o230090160261|Strong=0639 38 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_9:16!26|MId=o230090160262|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 39-40 וְע֖וֹד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 43 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_9:16!27|MId=o230090160271|Strong=2050b 40 ע֖וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 43 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=ISA_9:16!27|MId=o230090160272|Strong=5750 41-42 יָד֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 43 nsubj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=ISA_9:16!28|MId=o230090160281|Strong=3027 42 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=ISA_9:16!28|MId=o230090160282|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 43 נְטוּיָֽה נָטָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 36 conj _ Gloss=[is].stretched.out|Ref=ISA_9:16!29|MId=o230090160291|Strong=5186|Frame=A1:230090160281;|Type=participle_passive|SpaceAfter=No 44 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=ISA_9:16!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** יִשְׂמַח *he rejoices* | yiqtol · qal | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | | | | | **not** יְרַחֵם *he has compassion on* | yiqtol · piel | אֲדֹנ *Lord* | יְתֹמָי *ones* + אַלְמְנֹתָי *widows* | | | | מֵרַע *doing evil* | participle active · hiphil | | | | | | דֹּבֵר *\[is\] speaking* | participle active · qal | פֶּה *mouth* | נְבָלָה *disgraceful folly* | | | | **not** שָׁב *it has turned back* | qatal · qal | אַפּ *anger* | | | | | נְטוּיָֽה *\[is\] stretched out* | participle passive · qal | | יָד *hand* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} עַל כֵּן עַל עוּלֵימוֹהִי לָא יֶחְדֵי יְיָ וְעַל יַתְמוֹהִי וְעַל אַרְמְלָתוֹהִי לָא יְרַחֵם אֲרֵי כוּלְהוֹן חֲנִיפִין וּבִישִׁין וְכָל פּוּמְהוֹן מְמַלְלִין שְׁקַר בְּכָל דָא לָא תָבוּ מֵחוֹבֵיהוֹן דִיתוּב רוּגְזֵיהּ מִנְהוֹן וְעַד כְּעַן מַתְקְפִין מִרְדֵיהוֹן וְעוֹד מֶחֶתֵיהּ עֲתִידָא לְאִתְפְּרָעָא מִנְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore the Lord shall have no joy in their young men, neither shall He have compassion on their fatherless and widows; for every one is ungodly and an evil-doer, and every mouth speaketh wantonness.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.204/) 2. [For all this His anger is not turned away, but His hand is stretched out still.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.205/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:191`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 9:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.9.15/) - next →: [Isaiah 9:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.9.17/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/9/)