--- title: Isaiah 9:9 — 'The bricks are fallen, but we will build with hewn stones; the syca… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: 'The bricks are fallen, but we will build with hewn stones; the sycamores are cut down, but cedars will we put in their place.' Who acts: we. Isaiah 9:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.9.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Isaiah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/9/) / 9:9 # Isaiah 9:9 יְשַׁעְיָהוּ **Who acts:** we · **What happens:** fall, build, hew, cut down, put · **To what, where:** bricks, sycamores, cedars, place This is Isaiah 9:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we — and what happens in the verse to bricks, sycamores, cedars, place, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 66 chapters of Isaiah on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. לְבֵנִ֥ים נָפָ֖לוּ וְגָזִ֣ית נִבְנֶ֑ה שִׁקְמִ֣ים גֻּדָּ֔עוּ וַאֲרָזִ֖ים נַחֲלִֽיף׃ ['The bricks are fallen, but we will build with hewn stones; the sycamores are cut down, but cedars will we put in their place.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.196/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:ISA:184 # text = לְבֵנִ֥ים נָפָ֖לוּ וְגָזִ֣ית נִבְנֶ֑ה שִׁקְמִ֣ים גֻּדָּ֔עוּ וַאֲרָזִ֖ים נַחֲלִֽיף׃ # verse = ISA.9.9 1 לְבֵנִ֥ים לְבֵנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=bricks|Ref=ISA_9:9!1|MId=o230090090011|Strong=3843 2 נָפָ֖לוּ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.have.fallen|Ref=ISA_9:9!2|MId=o230090090021|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:230090090011;|Type=qatal 3-4 וְגָזִ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_9:9!3|MId=o230090090031|Strong=2050b 4 גָזִ֣ית גָּזִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=hewn.[stone]|Ref=ISA_9:9!3|MId=o230090090032|Strong=1496 5 נִבְנֶ֑ה בָּנָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 conj _ Gloss=we.will.rebuild|Ref=ISA_9:9!4|MId=o230090090041|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:230090080022;A1:230090090011;|Type=yiqtol 6 שִׁקְמִ֣ים שִׁקְמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=sycamores|Ref=ISA_9:9!5|MId=o230090090051|Strong=8256 7 גֻּדָּ֔עוּ גָּדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=they.have.been.cut.down|Ref=ISA_9:9!6|MId=o230090090061|Strong=1438|Frame=A1:230090090051;|Type=qatal 8-9 וַאֲרָזִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=ISA_9:9!7|MId=o230090090071|Strong=2050b 9 אֲרָזִ֖ים אֶרֶז NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=cedars|Ref=ISA_9:9!7|MId=o230090090072|Strong=0730 10 נַחֲלִֽיף חָלַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=1 7 conj _ Gloss=we.will.substitute|Ref=ISA_9:9!8|MId=o230090090081|Strong=2498|Frame=AA:230090080022;A0:230090090051;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 11 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 10 punct _ Ref=ISA_9:9!8 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָפָלוּ *they have fallen* | qatal · qal | לְבֵנִים *bricks* | | | | | נִבְנֶה *we will rebuild* | yiqtol · qal | | לְבֵנִים *bricks* | | | | גֻּדָּעוּ *they have been cut down* | qatal · pual | | שִׁקְמִים *sycamores* | | | | נַחֲלִֽיף *we will substitute* | yiqtol · hiphil | שִׁקְמִים *sycamores* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} רֵישַׁיָא גְלוּ וּלְטָבִין מִנְהוֹן נְמַנֵי נִכְסַיָא אִתְבְּזָזוּ וּדְשַׁפִּירִין מִנְהוֹן נִקְנֵי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. ['The bricks are fallen, but we will build with hewn stones; the sycamores are cut down, but cedars will we put in their place.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/ISA.196/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:ISA:184`. - ← previous: [Isaiah 9:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.9.8/) - next →: [Isaiah 9:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA.9.10/) - ↑ back to [Isaiah 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/ISA/9/)