--- title: Judges 11:12 — And Jephthah sent messengers unto the king of the children of Ammon,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Jephthah sent messengers unto the king of the children of Ammon, saying: 'What hast thou to do with me, that thou art come unto me to fight against my land?' Who acts: Jephthah, thou. Judges 11:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/11/) / 11:12 # Judges 11:12 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Jephthah, thou · **What happens:** send, say, do, come, fight · **To what, where:** messengers · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 11:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jephthah, thou — and what happens in the verse to messengers, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח יִפְתָּח֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בְּנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן לֵאמֹ֑ר מַה־לִּ֣י וָלָ֔ךְ כִּֽי־בָ֥אתָ אֵלַ֖י לְהִלָּחֵ֥ם בְּאַרְצִֽי׃ [And Jephthah sent messengers unto the king of the children of Ammon, saying: 'What hast thou to do with me, that thou art come unto me to fight against my land?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.348/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:331 # text = וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח יִפְתָּח֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בְּנֵֽי־עַמּ֖וֹן לֵאמֹ֑ר מַה־לִּ֣י וָלָ֔ךְ כִּֽי־בָ֥אתָ אֵלַ֖י לְהִלָּחֵ֥ם בְּאַרְצִֽי׃ # verse = JDG.11.12 1-2 וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:12!1|MId=o070110120011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁלַ֤ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=JDG_11:12!1|MId=o070110120012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:070110120021;A1:070110120031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יִפְתָּח֙ יִפְתָּח PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Jephthah|Ref=JDG_11:12!2|MId=o070110120021|Strong=3316 4 מַלְאָכִ֔ים מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=messengers|Ref=JDG_11:12!3|MId=o070110120031|Strong=4397 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_11:12!4|MId=o070110120041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 מֶ֥לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JDG_11:12!5|MId=o070110120051|Strong=4428 7 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.people|Ref=JDG_11:12!6|MId=o070110120061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 8 עַמּ֖וֹן עַמּוֹן PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammon|Ref=JDG_11:12!7|MId=o070110120071|Strong=5983 9-10 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 13 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JDG_11:12!8|MId=o070110120081|Strong=3807a 10 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_11:12!8|MId=o070110120082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070110120021;|Type=infinitive_construct 11 מַה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 13 nsubj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=JDG_11:12!9|MId=o070110120091|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 לִּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=[is].to|Ref=JDG_11:12!10|MId=o070110120101|Strong=3807a 13 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 advcl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JDG_11:12!10|MId=o070110120102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14-16 וָלָ֔ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:12!11|MId=o070110120111|Strong=2050b 15 ל לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_11:12!11|MId=o070110120112|Strong=3807a 16 ָ֔ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 13 conj _ Gloss=you|Ref=JDG_11:12!11|MId=o070110120113|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 18 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JDG_11:12!12|MId=o070110120121|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 18 בָ֥אתָ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 13 parataxis _ Gloss=you.have.come|Ref=JDG_11:12!13|MId=o070110120131|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:070110120051;|Type=qatal 19-20 אֵלַ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_11:12!14|MId=o070110120141|Strong=0413 20 ַ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=JDG_11:12!14|MId=o070110120142|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 21-22 לְהִלָּחֵ֥ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_11:12!15|MId=o070110120151|Strong=3807a 22 הִלָּחֵ֥ם לָחַם VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 18 advcl _ Gloss=wage.war|Ref=JDG_11:12!15|MId=o070110120152|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:070110120051;|Type=infinitive_construct 23-25 בְּאַרְצִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=JDG_11:12!16|MId=o070110120161|Strong=0871a 24 אַרְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JDG_11:12!16|MId=o070110120162|Strong=0776 25 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=JDG_11:12!16|MId=o070110120163|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=JDG_11:12!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁלַח *he sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִפְתָּח *Jephthah* | מַלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | יִפְתָּח *Jephthah* | | | | | בָאתָ *you have come* | qatal · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | הִלָּחֵם *wage war* | infinitive construct · niphal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁלַח יִפְתָּח אִזְגַדִין לְוַת מַלְכָּא דִבְנֵי עַמוֹן לְמֵימָר מַה לִי וְלָךְ אֲרֵי אֲתֵיתָא לְוָתִי לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא בְּאַרְעִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Jephthah sent messengers unto the king of the children of Ammon, saying: 'What hast thou to do with me, that thou art come unto me to fight against my land?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.348/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:331`. - ← previous: [Judges 11:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.11/) - next →: [Judges 11:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.13/) - ↑ back to [Judges 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/11/)