--- title: Judges 11:17 — then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying: Let me, I… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying: Let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land; but the king of Edom hearkened not. And in like manner he sent unto the king of Moab; but he would not; and Israel abode in Kadesh. Who acts: Israel, I, me, king. Judges 11:17 in Hebrew with its de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/11/) / 11:17 # Judges 11:17 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Israel, I, me, king · **What happens:** send, say, let, pray, pass, not hearken · **To what, where:** messengers, thee, land, like manner, Kadesh · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 11:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Israel, I, me, king — and what happens in the verse to messengers, thee, land, like manner, Kadesh, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל מַלְאָכִ֣ים ׀ אֶל־מֶלֶךְ֩ אֱד֨וֹם ׀ לֵאמֹ֜ר אֶעְבְּרָה־נָּ֣א בְאַרְצֶ֗ךָ וְלֹ֤א שָׁמַע֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֱד֔וֹם וְגַ֨ם אֶל־מֶ֧לֶךְ מוֹאָ֛ב שָׁלַ֖ח וְלֹ֣א אָבָ֑ה וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּקָדֵֽשׁ׃ [then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying: Let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land; but the king of Edom hearkened not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.353/) [And in like manner he sent unto the king of Moab; but he would not; and Israel abode in Kadesh.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.354/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:336 # text = וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל מַלְאָכִ֣ים ׀ אֶל־מֶלֶךְ֩ אֱד֨וֹם ׀ לֵאמֹ֜ר אֶעְבְּרָה־נָּ֣א בְאַרְצֶ֗ךָ וְלֹ֤א שָׁמַע֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֱד֔וֹם וְגַ֨ם אֶל־מֶ֧לֶךְ מוֹאָ֛ב שָׁלַ֖ח וְלֹ֣א אָבָ֑ה וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בְּקָדֵֽשׁ׃ # verse = JDG.11.17 1-2 וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:17!1|MId=o070110170011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.sent|Ref=JDG_11:17!1|MId=o070110170012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:070110170021;A1:070110170031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JDG_11:17!2|MId=o070110170021|Strong=3478 4 מַלְאָכִ֣ים מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=messengers|Ref=JDG_11:17!3|MId=o070110170031|Strong=4397 5 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ Ref=JDG_11:17!3 6 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_11:17!4|MId=o070110170041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 7 מֶלֶךְ֩ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JDG_11:17!5|MId=o070110170051|Strong=4428 8 אֱד֨וֹם אֱדוֹם PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Edom|Ref=JDG_11:17!6|MId=o070110170061|Strong=0123 9 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ Ref=JDG_11:17!6 10-11 לֵאמֹ֜ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 12 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=JDG_11:17!7|MId=o070110170071|Strong=3807a 11 אמֹ֜ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_11:17!7|MId=o070110170072|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070110170021;|Type=infinitive_construct 12 אֶעְבְּרָה־ עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 advcl _ Gloss=let.me.pass|Ref=JDG_11:17!8|MId=o070110170081|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:070110170021;|Type=cohortative|SpaceAfter=No 13 נָּ֣א נָא INTJ _ _ 12 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=JDG_11:17!9|MId=o070110170091|Strong=4994|Type=interjection 14-16 בְאַרְצֶ֗ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_11:17!10|MId=o070110170101|Strong=0871a 15 אַרְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=JDG_11:17!10|MId=o070110170102|Strong=0776 16 ֶ֗ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=JDG_11:17!10|MId=o070110170103|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17-18 וְלֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:17!11|MId=o070110170111|Strong=2050b 18 לֹ֤א לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_11:17!11|MId=o070110170112|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19 שָׁמַע֙ שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.listened|Ref=JDG_11:17!12|MId=o070110170121|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:070110170131;|Type=qatal 20 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JDG_11:17!13|MId=o070110170131|Strong=4428 21 אֱד֔וֹם אֱדוֹם PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Edom|Ref=JDG_11:17!14|MId=o070110170141|Strong=0123 22-23 וְגַ֨ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:17!15|MId=o070110170151|Strong=2050b 23 גַ֨ם גַּם ADV _ _ 27 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=JDG_11:17!15|MId=o070110170152|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 24 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_11:17!16|MId=o070110170161|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 25 מֶ֧לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=JDG_11:17!17|MId=o070110170171|Strong=4428 26 מוֹאָ֛ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 25 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=JDG_11:17!18|MId=o070110170181|Strong=4124 27 שָׁלַ֖ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.sent|Ref=JDG_11:17!19|MId=o070110170191|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:070110170021;A1:070110170031;|Type=qatal 28-29 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:17!20|MId=o070110170201|Strong=2050b 29 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 30 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_11:17!20|MId=o070110170202|Strong=3808|Type=negative 30 אָבָ֑ה אָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.was.willing|Ref=JDG_11:17!21|MId=o070110170211|Strong=0014|Frame=A0:070110170171;|Type=qatal 31-32 וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:17!22|MId=o070110170221|Strong=2050b 32 יֵּ֥שֶׁב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.remained|Ref=JDG_11:17!22|MId=o070110170222|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:070110170231;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 32 nsubj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JDG_11:17!23|MId=o070110170231|Strong=3478 34-35 בְּקָדֵֽשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=JDG_11:17!24|MId=o070110170241|Strong=0871a 35 קָדֵֽשׁ קָדֵשׁ PROPN _ _ 32 obl _ Gloss=Kadesh|Ref=JDG_11:17!24|MId=o070110170242|Strong=6946 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=JDG_11:17!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - hedged: yes (נָא) - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁלַח *it sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | מַלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | | אֶעְבְּרָה־ *let me pass* | cohortative · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | | **not** שָׁמַע *he listened* | qatal · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | שָׁלַח *it sent* | qatal · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | מַלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | **not** אָבָה *he was willing* | qatal · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | יֵּשֶׁב *it remained* | wayyiqtol · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁלַח יִשְׂרָאֵל אִזְגַדִין לְוַת מַלְכָּא דֶאֱדוֹם לְמֵימָר אֶעְבָּר כְּעַן בְּאַרְעָךְ וְלָא שְׁמַע מַלְכָּא דְאֱדוֹם וְאַף לְוַת מַלְכָּא דְמוֹאָב שְׁלַח וְלָא קַבֵּל וִיתֵיב יִשְׂרָאֵל בִּרְקָם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying: Let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land; but the king of Edom hearkened not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.353/) 2. [And in like manner he sent unto the king of Moab; but he would not; and Israel abode in Kadesh.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.354/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:336`. - ← previous: [Judges 11:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.16/) - next →: [Judges 11:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.18/) - ↑ back to [Judges 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/11/)