--- title: Judges 11:18 — Then he walked through the wilderness, and compassed the land of Edo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then he walked through the wilderness, and compassed the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and they pitched on the other side of the Arnon; but they came not within the border of Moab, for the Arnon was the border of Moab. Who acts: Israel, messengers --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/11/) / 11:18 # Judges 11:18 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Israel, messengers, Arnon · **What happens:** walk, compass, come, pitch, not come, be · **To what, where:** wilderness, land, other side, border This is Judges 11:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Israel, messengers, Arnon — and what happens in the verse to wilderness, land, other side, border, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר וַיָּ֜סָב אֶת־אֶ֤רֶץ אֱדוֹם֙ וְאֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֔ב וַיָּבֹ֤א מִמִּזְרַח־שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לְאֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֔ב וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּן בְּעֵ֣בֶר אַרְנ֑וֹן וְלֹא־בָ֙אוּ֙ בִּגְב֣וּל מוֹאָ֔ב כִּ֥י אַרְנ֖וֹן גְּב֥וּל מוֹאָֽב׃ [Then he walked through the wilderness, and compassed the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and they pitched on the other side of the Arnon; but they came not within the border of Moab, for the Arnon was the border of Moab.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.355/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:337 # text = וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר וַיָּ֜סָב אֶת־אֶ֤רֶץ אֱדוֹם֙ וְאֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֔ב וַיָּבֹ֤א מִמִּזְרַח־שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ לְאֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֔ב וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּן בְּעֵ֣בֶר אַרְנ֑וֹן וְלֹא־בָ֙אוּ֙ בִּגְב֣וּל מוֹאָ֔ב כִּ֥י אַרְנ֖וֹן גְּב֥וּל מוֹאָֽב׃ # verse = JDG.11.18 1-2 וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:18!1|MId=o070110180011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.went|Ref=JDG_11:18!1|MId=o070110180012|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:070110170231;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_11:18!2|MId=o070110180021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_11:18!2|MId=o070110180021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 מִּדְבָּ֗ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=JDG_11:18!2|MId=o070110180022|Strong=4057 6-7 וַיָּ֜סָב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:18!3|MId=o070110180031|Strong=2050b 7 יָּ֜סָב סָבַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.went.around|Ref=JDG_11:18!3|MId=o070110180032|Strong=5437|Frame=A0:070110170231;A1:070110180051;070110180081;|Type=wayyiqtol 8 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_11:18!4|MId=o070110180041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 9 אֶ֤רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=JDG_11:18!5|MId=o070110180051|Strong=0776 10 אֱדוֹם֙ אֱדוֹם PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Edom|Ref=JDG_11:18!6|MId=o070110180061|Strong=0123 11-12 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:18!7|MId=o070110180071|Strong=2050b 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_11:18!7|MId=o070110180072|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=JDG_11:18!8|MId=o070110180081|Strong=0776 14 מוֹאָ֔ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=JDG_11:18!9|MId=o070110180091|Strong=4124 15-16 וַיָּבֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:18!10|MId=o070110180101|Strong=2050b 16 יָּבֹ֤א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.came|Ref=JDG_11:18!10|MId=o070110180102|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:070110170231;|Type=wayyiqtol 17-18 מִמִּזְרַח־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=JDG_11:18!11|MId=o070110180111|Strong=4480 18 מִּזְרַח־ מִזְרָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=rising|Ref=JDG_11:18!11|MId=o070110180112|Strong=4217 19 שֶׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ שֶׁמֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].sun|Ref=JDG_11:18!12|MId=o070110180121|Strong=8121 20-21 לְאֶ֣רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_11:18!13|MId=o070110180131|Strong=3807a 21 אֶ֣רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 nmod _ Gloss=the.land|Ref=JDG_11:18!13|MId=o070110180132|Strong=0776 22 מוֹאָ֔ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=JDG_11:18!14|MId=o070110180141|Strong=4124 23-25 וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:18!15|MId=o070110180151|Strong=2050b 24 יַּחֲנ֖וּ חָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=JDG_11:18!15|MId=o070110180152|Strong=2583|Frame=A0:070110170231;|Type=wayyiqtol 25 ן נ X _ _ 24 nmod _ Gloss=encamped|Ref=JDG_11:18!15|MId=o070110180153|Strong=4993b|Type=paragogic_nun 26-27 בְּעֵ֣בֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_11:18!16|MId=o070110180161|Strong=0871a 27 עֵ֣בֶר עֵבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=the.other.side|Ref=JDG_11:18!16|MId=o070110180162|Strong=5676 28 אַרְנ֑וֹן אַרְנוֹן PROPN _ _ 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Arnon|Ref=JDG_11:18!17|MId=o070110180171|Strong=0769 29-30 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:18!18|MId=o070110180181|Strong=2050b 30 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 31 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_11:18!18|MId=o070110180182|Strong=3808|Type=negative 31 בָ֙אוּ֙ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=JDG_11:18!19|MId=o070110180191|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:070110170231;|Type=qatal 32-33 בִּגְב֣וּל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_11:18!20|MId=o070110180201|Strong=0871a 33 גְב֣וּל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=the.territory|Ref=JDG_11:18!20|MId=o070110180202|Strong=1366 34 מוֹאָ֔ב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=JDG_11:18!21|MId=o070110180211|Strong=4124 35 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 37 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=JDG_11:18!22|MId=o070110180221|Strong=3588 36 אַרְנ֖וֹן אַרְנוֹן PROPN _ _ 37 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].Arnon|Ref=JDG_11:18!23|MId=o070110180231|Strong=0769 37 גְּב֥וּל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[was].the.border|Ref=JDG_11:18!24|MId=o070110180241|Strong=1366 38 מוֹאָֽב מוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Moab|Ref=JDG_11:18!25|MId=o070110180251|Strong=4124|SpaceAfter=No 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=JDG_11:18!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּלֶךְ *it went* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יָּסָב *it went around* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אֶרֶץ *the land* + אֶרֶץ *the land* | | | | יָּבֹא *it came* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יַּחֲנוּ *they* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | **not** בָאוּ *they went* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲזַל בְּמַדְבְּרָא וְאַקֵיף יַת אֲרַע אֱדוֹם וְיַת אֲרַע מוֹאָב וַאֲתוֹ מִמַדְנַח שִׁמְשָׁא לְאַרְעָא דְמוֹאָב וּשְׁרוֹ בְּעִיבְרָא דְאַרְנוֹן וְלָא עָלוּ בִּתְחוּם מוֹאָב אֲרֵי אַרְנוֹן תְּחוּם מוֹאָב: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then he walked through the wilderness, and compassed the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and they pitched on the other side of the Arnon; but they came not within the border of Moab, for the Arnon was the border of Moab.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.355/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:337`. - ← previous: [Judges 11:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.17/) - next →: [Judges 11:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.19/) - ↑ back to [Judges 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/11/)