--- title: Judges 11:20 — But Sihon trusted not Israel to pass through his border; but Sihon g… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But Sihon trusted not Israel to pass through his border; but Sihon gathered all his people together, and pitched in Jahaz, and fought against Israel. Who acts: Sihon. Judges 11:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/11/) / 11:20 # Judges 11:20 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Sihon · **What happens:** not trust, pass, gather, pitch, fight · **To what, where:** Israel, border, people, Jahaz This is Judges 11:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Sihon — and what happens in the verse to Israel, border, people, Jahaz, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְלֹא־הֶאֱמִ֨ין סִיח֤וֹן אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ עֲבֹ֣ר בִּגְבֻל֔וֹ וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף סִיחוֹן֙ אֶת־כָּל־עַמּ֔וֹ וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּיָ֑הְצָה וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [But Sihon trusted not Israel to pass through his border; but Sihon gathered all his people together, and pitched in Jahaz, and fought against Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.357/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:339 # text = וְלֹא־הֶאֱמִ֨ין סִיח֤וֹן אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ עֲבֹ֣ר בִּגְבֻל֔וֹ וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף סִיחוֹן֙ אֶת־כָּל־עַמּ֔וֹ וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּיָ֑הְצָה וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = JDG.11.20 1-2 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:20!1|MId=o070110200011|Strong=2050b 2 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=JDG_11:20!1|MId=o070110200012|Strong=3808|Type=negative 3 הֶאֱמִ֨ין אָמַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.trusted|Ref=JDG_11:20!2|MId=o070110200021|Strong=0539|Frame=AA:070110200031;A0:070110200061;|Type=qatal 4 סִיח֤וֹן סִיחוֹן PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=Sihon|Ref=JDG_11:20!3|MId=o070110200031|Strong=5511 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_11:20!4|MId=o070110200041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JDG_11:20!5|MId=o070110200051|Strong=3478 7 עֲבֹ֣ר עָבַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 3 obj _ Gloss=to.pass|Ref=JDG_11:20!6|MId=o070110200061|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:070110200051;|Type=infinitive_construct 8-10 בִּגְבֻל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_11:20!7|MId=o070110200071|Strong=0871a 9 גְבֻל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=territory|Ref=JDG_11:20!7|MId=o070110200072|Strong=1366 10 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_11:20!7|MId=o070110200073|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-12 וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:20!8|MId=o070110200081|Strong=2050b 12 יֶּאֱסֹ֤ף אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.gathered|Ref=JDG_11:20!8|MId=o070110200082|Strong=0622|Frame=A0:070110200091;A1:070110200121;|Type=wayyiqtol 13 סִיחוֹן֙ סִיחוֹן PROPN _ _ 12 nsubj _ Gloss=Sihon|Ref=JDG_11:20!9|MId=o070110200091|Strong=5511 14 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_11:20!10|MId=o070110200101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JDG_11:20!11|MId=o070110200111|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 16-17 עַמּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=JDG_11:20!12|MId=o070110200121|Strong=5971 17 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_11:20!12|MId=o070110200122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:20!13|MId=o070110200131|Strong=2050b 19 יַּחֲנ֖וּ חָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=they.encamped|Ref=JDG_11:20!13|MId=o070110200132|Strong=2583|Frame=A0:070110200091;070110200121;|Type=wayyiqtol 20-22 בְּיָ֑הְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=JDG_11:20!14|MId=o070110200141|Strong=0871a 21 יָ֑הְצ יָהְצָה PROPN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=Jahaz|Ref=JDG_11:20!14|MId=o070110200142|Strong=3096 22 ָה ה X _ _ 21 nmod _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_11:20!14|MId=o070110200143|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 23-24 וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_11:20!15|MId=o070110200151|Strong=2050b 24 יִּלָּ֖חֶם לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.fought|Ref=JDG_11:20!15|MId=o070110200152|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:070110200091;|Type=wayyiqtol 25 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JDG_11:20!16|MId=o070110200161|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 26 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 24 obl _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JDG_11:20!17|MId=o070110200171|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=JDG_11:20!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** הֶאֱמִין *he trusted* | qatal · hiphil | עֲבֹר *to pass* | | | סִיחוֹן *Sihon* | | עֲבֹר *to pass* | infinitive construct · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | | יֶּאֱסֹף *he gathered* | wayyiqtol · qal | סִיחוֹן *Sihon* | עַמּ *people* | | | | יַּחֲנוּ *they encamped* | wayyiqtol · qal | סִיחוֹן *Sihon* + עַמּ *people* | | | | | יִּלָּחֶם *he fought* | wayyiqtol · niphal | סִיחוֹן *Sihon* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְלָא הֵימִין סִיחוֹן יַת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמֶעְבַּר בִּתְחוּמֵיהּ וּכְנַשׁ סִיחוֹן יַת כָּל עַמֵיהּ וּשְׁרוֹ בְּיָהְצָה וְאַגִיחַ קְרָבָא עִם יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But Sihon trusted not Israel to pass through his border; but Sihon gathered all his people together, and pitched in Jahaz, and fought against Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.357/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:339`. - ← previous: [Judges 11:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.19/) - next →: [Judges 11:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.11.21/) - ↑ back to [Judges 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/11/)