--- title: Judges 16:21 — And the Philistines laid hold on him, and put out his eyes; and they… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the Philistines laid hold on him, and put out his eyes; and they brought him down to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did grind in the prison-house. Who acts: Philistines, soul. Judges 16:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ever --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/16/) / 16:21 # Judges 16:21 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Philistines, soul · **What happens:** lay, put out, bring down, bound, grind · **To what, where:** hold, eyes, soul, Gaza, prison house This is Judges 16:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Philistines, soul — and what happens in the verse to hold, eyes, soul, Gaza, prison house, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּאחֲז֣וּהוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַֽיְנַקְּר֖וּ אֶת־עֵינָ֑יו וַיּוֹרִ֨ידוּ אוֹת֜וֹ עַזָּ֗תָה וַיַּאַסְר֙וּהוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם וַיְהִ֥י טוֹחֵ֖ן בְּבֵ֥ית הָאֲסוּרִֽים׃ [And the Philistines laid hold on him, and put out his eyes; and they brought him down to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did grind in the prison-house.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.491/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:460 # text = וַיֹּאחֲז֣וּהוּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַֽיְנַקְּר֖וּ אֶת־עֵינָ֑יו וַיּוֹרִ֨ידוּ אוֹת֜וֹ עַזָּ֗תָה וַיַּאַסְר֙וּהוּ֙ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם וַיְהִ֥י טוֹחֵ֖ן בְּבֵ֥ית הָאֲסוּרִֽים׃ # verse = JDG.16.21 1-3 וַיֹּאחֲז֣וּהוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:21!1|MId=o070160210011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאחֲז֣וּ אָחַז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they|Ref=JDG_16:21!1|MId=o070160210012|Strong=0270|Frame=A1:070160210013;A0:070160210021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ Gloss=seized.him|Ref=JDG_16:21!1|MId=o070160210013|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 4 פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].Philistines|Ref=JDG_16:21!2|MId=o070160210021|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 5-6 וַֽיְנַקְּר֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:21!3|MId=o070160210031|Strong=2050b 6 יְנַקְּר֖וּ נָקַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.gouged.out|Ref=JDG_16:21!3|MId=o070160210032|Strong=5365|Frame=A0:070160210021;A1:070160210051;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_16:21!4|MId=o070160210041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 8-9 עֵינָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 עֵינָ֑י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 6 obj _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=JDG_16:21!5|MId=o070160210051|Strong=5869 9 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_16:21!5|MId=o070160210052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 10-11 וַיּוֹרִ֨ידוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:21!6|MId=o070160210061|Strong=2050b 11 יּוֹרִ֨ידוּ יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.brought.down|Ref=JDG_16:21!6|MId=o070160210062|Strong=3381|Frame=AA:070160210021;A0:070160210072;|Type=wayyiqtol 12-13 אוֹת֜וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_16:21!7|MId=o070160210071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13 ֜וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_16:21!7|MId=o070160210072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 עַזָּ֗תָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 עַזָּ֗ת עַזָּה PROPN _ _ 11 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_16:21!8|MId=o070160210081|Strong=5804 15 ָה ה X _ _ 14 nmod _ Gloss=Gaza|Ref=JDG_16:21!8|MId=o070160210082|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 16-18 וַיַּאַסְר֙וּהוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:21!9|MId=o070160210091|Strong=2050b 17 יַּאַסְר֙וּ אָסַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=JDG_16:21!9|MId=o070160210092|Strong=0631|Frame=A0:070160210021;A1:070160210093;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 הוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Gloss=bound.him|Ref=JDG_16:21!9|MId=o070160210093|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 19-21 בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בַּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=with.(the)|Ref=JDG_16:21!10|MId=o070160210101|Strong=0871a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=bronze|Ref=JDG_16:21!10|MId=o070160210101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 נְחֻשְׁתַּ֔יִם נְחֹשֶׁת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 17 obl _ Gloss=fetters|Ref=JDG_16:21!10|MId=o070160210102|Strong=5178 22-23 וַיְהִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:21!11|MId=o070160210111|Strong=2050b 23 יְהִ֥י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 24 cop _ Gloss=he.was|Ref=JDG_16:21!11|MId=o070160210112|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:070160130041;|Type=wayyiqtol 24 טוֹחֵ֖ן טָחַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=grinding|Ref=JDG_16:21!12|MId=o070160210121|Strong=2912|Frame=A0:070160130041;|Type=participle_active 25-26 בְּבֵ֥ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_16:21!13|MId=o070160210131|Strong=0871a 26 בֵ֥ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=JDG_16:21!13|MId=o070160210132|Strong=1004 27-28 הָאֲסוּרִֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=of.[those]|Ref=JDG_16:21!15|MId=o070160210151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 אֲסוּרִֽים אֵסוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=imprisoned|Ref=JDG_16:21!15|MId=o070160210152|Strong=0631|Type=participle_passive 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=JDG_16:21!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאחֲזוּ *they* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | הוּ *seized him* | | | | יְנַקְּרוּ *they gouged out* | wayyiqtol · piel | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | עֵינָי *eyes* | | | | יּוֹרִידוּ *they brought down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | וֹ *him* | | | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | | יַּאַסְרוּ *they* | wayyiqtol · qal | פְלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | הוּ *bound him* | | | | יְהִי *he was* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | טוֹחֵן *grinding* | participle active · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲחָדוּהוּ פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי וְנַקְרוּ יַת עֵינוֹהִי וְאַחִיתוּ יָתֵיהּ לְעַזָת וַאֲסָרוּהוּ בְּשַׁלְשְׁלָן דִנְחָשׁ וַהֲוָה טָחִין רֵחַיָא בְּבֵית אֲסִירַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the Philistines laid hold on him, and put out his eyes; and they brought him down to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did grind in the prison-house.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.491/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:460`. - ← previous: [Judges 16:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.20/) - next →: [Judges 16:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.22/) - ↑ back to [Judges 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/16/)