--- title: Judges 16:23 — And the lords of the Philistines gathered them together to offer a g… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the lords of the Philistines gathered them together to offer a great sacrifice unto Dagon their god, and to rejoice; for they said: 'Our god hath delivered Samson our enemy into our hand.' Who acts: lords, god. Judges 16:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/16/) / 16:23 # Judges 16:23 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** lords, god · **What happens:** gather, offer, rejoice, say, deliver · **To what, where:** Philistines, great sacrifice, Samson, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is Judges 16:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — lords, god — and what happens in the verse to Philistines, great sacrifice, Samson, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְסַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים נֶֽאֱסְפוּ֙לִזְבֹּ֧חַ זֶֽבַח־גָּד֛וֹל לְדָג֥וֹן אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֖ם וּלְשִׂמְחָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ נָתַ֤ן אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ בְּיָדֵ֔נוּ אֵ֖ת שִׁמְשׁ֥וֹן אוֹיְבֵֽינוּ׃ [And the lords of the Philistines gathered them together to offer a great sacrifice unto Dagon their god, and to rejoice; for they said: 'Our god hath delivered Samson our enemy into our hand.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.493/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:462 # text = וְסַרְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים נֶֽאֱסְפוּ֙לִזְבֹּ֧חַ זֶֽבַח־גָּד֛וֹל לְדָג֥וֹן אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֖ם וּלְשִׂמְחָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ נָתַ֤ן אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ בְּיָדֵ֔נוּ אֵ֖ת שִׁמְשׁ֥וֹן אוֹיְבֵֽינוּ׃ # verse = JDG.16.23 1-2 וְסַרְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:23!1|MId=o070160230011|Strong=2050b 2 סַרְנֵ֣י סֶרֶן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=the.rulers|Ref=JDG_16:23!1|MId=o070160230012|Strong=5633 3 פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Philistines|Ref=JDG_16:23!2|MId=o070160230021|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 4-6 נֶֽאֱסְפוּ֙לִזְבֹּ֧חַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 נֶֽאֱסְפוּ֙ אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.gathered|Ref=JDG_16:23!3|MId=o070160230031|Strong=0622|Frame=A1:070160230012;|Type=qatal 5 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_16:23!4|MId=o070160230041|Strong=3807a 6 זְבֹּ֧חַ זָבַח VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 advcl _ Gloss=sacrifice|Ref=JDG_16:23!4|MId=o070160230042|Strong=2076|Frame=A0:070160230012;A1:070160230051;|Type=infinitive_construct 7 זֶֽבַח־ זֶבַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=a.sacrifice|Ref=JDG_16:23!5|MId=o070160230051|Strong=2077|SpaceAfter=No 8 גָּד֛וֹל גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=JDG_16:23!6|MId=o070160230061|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 9-10 לְדָג֥וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_16:23!7|MId=o070160230071|Strong=3807a 10 דָג֥וֹן דָּגוֹן PROPN _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=Dagon|Ref=JDG_16:23!7|MId=o070160230072|Strong=1712 11-12 אֱלֹהֵיהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אֱלֹהֵי אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 appos _ Gloss=god|Ref=JDG_16:23!8|MId=o070160230081|Strong=0430 12 הֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=JDG_16:23!8|MId=o070160230082|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 13-15 וּלְשִׂמְחָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:23!9|MId=o070160230091|Strong=2050b 14 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=JDG_16:23!9|MId=o070160230092|Strong=3807a 15 שִׂמְחָ֑ה שִׂמְחָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 conj _ Gloss=joy|Ref=JDG_16:23!9|MId=o070160230093|Strong=8057 16-17 וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:23!10|MId=o070160230101|Strong=2050b 17 יֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=JDG_16:23!10|MId=o070160230102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:070160230012;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 נָתַ֤ן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 ccomp _ Gloss=he.has.given|Ref=JDG_16:23!11|MId=o070160230111|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:070160230121;A1:070160230151;|Type=qatal 19-20 אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אֱלֹהֵ֙י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ Gloss=god|Ref=JDG_16:23!12|MId=o070160230121|Strong=0430 20 נוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JDG_16:23!12|MId=o070160230122|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 21-23 בְּיָדֵ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_16:23!13|MId=o070160230131|Strong=0871a 22 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=hand|Ref=JDG_16:23!13|MId=o070160230132|Strong=3027 23 ֵ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JDG_16:23!13|MId=o070160230133|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 24 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_16:23!14|MId=o070160230141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 25 שִׁמְשׁ֥וֹן שִׁמְשׁוֹן PROPN _ _ 18 obj _ Gloss=Samson|Ref=JDG_16:23!15|MId=o070160230151|Strong=8123 26-27 אוֹיְבֵֽינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אוֹיְבֵֽי אָיַב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 25 appos _ Gloss=enemies|Ref=JDG_16:23!16|MId=o070160230161|Strong=0341|Type=participle_active 27 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=JDG_16:23!16|MId=o070160230162|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=JDG_16:23!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נֶֽאֱסְפוּ *they gathered* | qatal · niphal | | סַרְנֵי *the rulers* | | | | זְבֹּחַ *sacrifice* | infinitive construct · qal | סַרְנֵי *the rulers* | זֶֽבַח־ *a sacrifice* | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | סַרְנֵי *the rulers* | | | | | נָתַן *he has given* | qatal · qal | אֱלֹהֵי *god* | שִׁמְשׁוֹן *Samson* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְטוּרְנֵי פְלִשְׁתָּאֵי אִתְכְּנִישׁוּ לְדַבָּחָא דְבַח רַבָּא לְדָגוֹן טַעֲוַתְהוֹן וּלְחֶדְוָא וַאֲמַרוּ מְסָרַת דְחַלְתָּנָא בִּידָנָא יַת שִׁמְשׁוֹן בְּעֵיל דְבָבָנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the lords of the Philistines gathered them together to offer a great sacrifice unto Dagon their god, and to rejoice; for they said: 'Our god hath delivered Samson our enemy into our hand.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.493/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:462`. - ← previous: [Judges 16:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.22/) - next →: [Judges 16:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.24/) - ↑ back to [Judges 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/16/)