--- title: Judges 16:3 — And Samson lay till midnight, and arose at midnight, and laid hold o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Samson lay till midnight, and arose at midnight, and laid hold of the doors of the gate of the city, and the two posts, and plucked them up, bar and all, and put them upon his shoulders, and carried them up to the top of the mountain that is before Hebron. Who acts: Samson, mountain. Judges 16:3 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/16/) / 16:3 # Judges 16:3 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** Samson, mountain · **What happens:** lie, arise, lay hold, pluck up, put, carry up · **To what, where:** posts, shoulders, top This is Judges 16:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Samson, mountain — and what happens in the verse to posts, shoulders, top, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב שִׁמְשׁוֹן֮ עַד־חֲצִ֣י הַלַּיְלָה֒ וַיָּ֣קָם ׀ בַּחֲצִ֣י הַלַּ֗יְלָה וַיֶּאֱחֹ֞ז בְּדַלְת֤וֹת שַֽׁעַר־הָעִיר֙ וּבִשְׁתֵּ֣י הַמְּזוּז֔וֹת וַיִּסָּעֵם֙ עִֽם־הַבְּרִ֔יחַ וַיָּ֖שֶׂם עַל־כְּתֵפָ֑יו וַֽיַּעֲלֵם֙ אֶל־רֹ֣אשׁ הָהָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י חֶבְרֽוֹן׃פ [And Samson lay till midnight, and arose at midnight, and laid hold of the doors of the gate of the city, and the two posts, and plucked them up, bar and all, and put them upon his shoulders, and carried them up to the top of the mountain that is before Hebron.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.470/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:442 # text = וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב שִׁמְשׁוֹן֮ עַד־חֲצִ֣י הַלַּיְלָה֒ וַיָּ֣קָם ׀ בַּחֲצִ֣י הַלַּ֗יְלָה וַיֶּאֱחֹ֞ז בְּדַלְת֤וֹת שַֽׁעַר־הָעִיר֙ וּבִשְׁתֵּ֣י הַמְּזוּז֔וֹת וַיִּסָּעֵם֙ עִֽם־הַבְּרִ֔יחַ וַיָּ֖שֶׂם עַל־כְּתֵפָ֑יו וַֽיַּעֲלֵם֙ אֶל־רֹ֣אשׁ הָהָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י חֶבְרֽוֹן׃פ # verse = JDG.16.3 1-2 וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:3!1|MId=o070160030011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁכַּ֣ב שָׁכַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.lay.down|Ref=JDG_16:3!1|MId=o070160030012|Strong=7901|Frame=A0:070160030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שִׁמְשׁוֹן֮ שִׁמְשׁוֹן PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Samson|Ref=JDG_16:3!2|MId=o070160030021|Strong=8123 4 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=JDG_16:3!3|MId=o070160030031|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 5 חֲצִ֣י חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=JDG_16:3!4|MId=o070160030041|Strong=2677 6-7 הַלַּיְלָה֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_16:3!5|MId=o070160030051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 לַּיְלָה֒ לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.night|Ref=JDG_16:3!5|MId=o070160030052|Strong=3915 8-9 וַיָּ֣קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:3!6|MId=o070160030061|Strong=2050b 9 יָּ֣קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=JDG_16:3!6|MId=o070160030062|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:070160030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ Ref=JDG_16:3!6 11-12 בַּחֲצִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_16:3!7|MId=o070160030071|Strong=0871a 12 חֲצִ֣י חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=JDG_16:3!7|MId=o070160030072|Strong=2677 13-14 הַלַּ֗יְלָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_16:3!8|MId=o070160030081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 לַּ֗יְלָה לַיְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.night|Ref=JDG_16:3!8|MId=o070160030082|Strong=3915 15-16 וַיֶּאֱחֹ֞ז _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:3!9|MId=o070160030091|Strong=2050b 16 יֶּאֱחֹ֞ז אָחַז VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.took.hold|Ref=JDG_16:3!9|MId=o070160030092|Strong=0270|Frame=A0:070160030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 17-18 בְּדַלְת֤וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_16:3!10|MId=o070160030101|Strong=0871a 18 דַלְת֤וֹת דֶּלֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 16 obl _ Gloss=the.doors|Ref=JDG_16:3!10|MId=o070160030102|Strong=1817 19 שַֽׁעַר־ שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.gate|Ref=JDG_16:3!11|MId=o070160030111|Strong=8179|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 הָעִיר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_16:3!12|MId=o070160030121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 עִיר֙ עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.city|Ref=JDG_16:3!12|MId=o070160030122|Strong=5892 22-24 וּבִשְׁתֵּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:3!13|MId=o070160030131|Strong=2050b 23 בִ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_16:3!13|MId=o070160030132|Strong=0871a 24 שְׁתֵּ֣י שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 26 nummod _ Gloss=the.two|Ref=JDG_16:3!13|MId=o070160030133|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 25-26 הַמְּזוּז֔וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_16:3!14|MId=o070160030141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 מְּזוּז֔וֹת מְזוּזָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 18 conj _ Gloss=doorposts|Ref=JDG_16:3!14|MId=o070160030142|Strong=4201 27-29 וַיִּסָּעֵם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:3!15|MId=o070160030151|Strong=2050b 28 יִּסָּע נָסַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_16:3!15|MId=o070160030152|Strong=5265|Frame=A0:070160030021;A1:070160030153;|Type=wayyiqtol 29 ֵם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=pulled.them.up|Ref=JDG_16:3!15|MId=o070160030153|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 30 עִֽם־ עִם ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=JDG_16:3!16|MId=o070160030161|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 31-32 הַבְּרִ֔יחַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=JDG_16:3!17|MId=o070160030171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 בְּרִ֔יחַ בְּרִיחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=bar|Ref=JDG_16:3!17|MId=o070160030172|Strong=1280 33-34 וַיָּ֖שֶׂם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:3!18|MId=o070160030181|Strong=2050b 34 יָּ֖שֶׂם שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.put.[them]|Ref=JDG_16:3!18|MId=o070160030182|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:070160030021;A1:070160030102;070160030142;070160030172;|Type=wayyiqtol 35 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=JDG_16:3!19|MId=o070160030191|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 36-37 כְּתֵפָ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 כְּתֵפָ֑י כָּתֵף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 34 obl _ Gloss=shoulders|Ref=JDG_16:3!20|MId=o070160030201|Strong=3802 37 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_16:3!20|MId=o070160030202|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 38-40 וַֽיַּעֲלֵם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 39 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:3!21|MId=o070160030211|Strong=2050b 39 יַּעֲל עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_16:3!21|MId=o070160030212|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:070160030021;A0:070160030213;|Type=wayyiqtol 40 ֵם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 obj _ Gloss=carried.them.up|Ref=JDG_16:3!21|MId=o070160030213|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 41 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=JDG_16:3!22|MId=o070160030221|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 42 רֹ֣אשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 39 obl _ Gloss=the.top|Ref=JDG_16:3!23|MId=o070160030231|Strong=7218 43-44 הָהָ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 44 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=JDG_16:3!24|MId=o070160030241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 44 הָ֔ר הַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 42 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.mountain|Ref=JDG_16:3!24|MId=o070160030242|Strong=2022 45 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 47 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=JDG_16:3!25|MId=o070160030251|Strong=0834|Type=relative 46 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 47 case _ Gloss=[is].on|Ref=JDG_16:3!26|MId=o070160030261|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 47 פְּנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 44 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=JDG_16:3!27|MId=o070160030271|Strong=6440 48 חֶבְרֽוֹן חֶבְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 47 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Hebron|Ref=JDG_16:3!28|MId=o070160030281|Strong=2275|SpaceAfter=No 49 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 48 punct _ Ref=JDG_16:3!28|SpaceAfter=No 50 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 48 punct _ Ref=JDG_16:3!28 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁכַּב *he lay down* | wayyiqtol · qal | שִׁמְשׁוֹן *Samson* | | | | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | שִׁמְשׁוֹן *Samson* | | | | | יֶּאֱחֹז *he took hold* | wayyiqtol · qal | שִׁמְשׁוֹן *Samson* | | | | | יִּסָּע *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | שִׁמְשׁוֹן *Samson* | ֵם *pulled them up* | | | | יָּשֶׂם *he put \[them\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | שִׁמְשׁוֹן *Samson* | דַלְתוֹת *the doors* + מְּזוּזוֹת *doorposts* + בְּרִיחַ *bar* | | | | יַּעֲל *he* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵם *carried them up* | | | שִׁמְשׁוֹן *Samson* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁכַב שִׁמְשׁוֹן עַד פַּלְגוּת לֵילְיָא וְקָם בְּפַלְגוּת לֵילְיָא וַאֲחַד בְּדָשֵׁי תְּרַע קַרְתָּא וּבִתְרֵין סִפַּיָא וְנַטְלִינוּן עִם עַבְּרָא וְשַׁוִי עַל כְּתֵפוֹהִי וְאַסְקִינוּן לְרֵישׁ טוּרָא דְעַל אַפֵּי חֶבְרוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Samson lay till midnight, and arose at midnight, and laid hold of the doors of the gate of the city, and the two posts, and plucked them up, bar and all, and put them upon his shoulders, and carried them up to the top of the mountain that is before Hebron.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.470/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:442`. - ← previous: [Judges 16:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.2/) - next →: [Judges 16:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.4/) - ↑ back to [Judges 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/16/)