--- title: Judges 16:31 — Then his brethren and all the house of his father came down, and too… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then his brethren and all the house of his father came down, and took him, and brought him up, and buried him between Zorah and Eshtaol in the burying-place of Manoah his father. And he judged Israel twenty years. Who acts: brethren, house. Judges 16:31 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jon --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Judges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/16/) / 16:31 # Judges 16:31 שֹׁפְטִים **Who acts:** brethren, house · **What happens:** come down, take, bring up, bury, judge · **To what, where:** house, burying place, Israel This is Judges 16:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — brethren, house — and what happens in the verse to house, burying place, Israel, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 21 chapters of Judges on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּרְד֨וּ אֶחָ֜יו וְכָל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִיהוּ֮ וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ אֹתוֹ֒ וַֽיַּעֲל֣וּ ׀ וַיִּקְבְּר֣וּ אוֹת֗וֹ בֵּ֤ין צָרְעָה֙ וּבֵ֣ין אֶשְׁתָּאֹ֔ל בְּקֶ֖בֶר מָנ֣וֹחַ אָבִ֑יו וְה֛וּא שָׁפַ֥ט אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃פ [Then his brethren and all the house of his father came down, and took him, and brought him up, and buried him between Zorah and Eshtaol in the burying-place of Manoah his father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.502/) [And he judged Israel twenty years.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.503/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:JDG:470 # text = וַיֵּרְד֨וּ אֶחָ֜יו וְכָל־בֵּ֣ית אָבִיהוּ֮ וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ אֹתוֹ֒ וַֽיַּעֲל֣וּ ׀ וַיִּקְבְּר֣וּ אוֹת֗וֹ בֵּ֤ין צָרְעָה֙ וּבֵ֣ין אֶשְׁתָּאֹ֔ל בְּקֶ֖בֶר מָנ֣וֹחַ אָבִ֑יו וְה֛וּא שָׁפַ֥ט אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עֶשְׂרִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃פ # verse = JDG.16.31 1-2 וַיֵּרְד֨וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:31!1|MId=o070160310011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּרְד֨וּ יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.went.down|Ref=JDG_16:31!1|MId=o070160310012|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:070160310021;070160310041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֶחָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֶחָ֜י אָח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=brothers|Ref=JDG_16:31!2|MId=o070160310021|Strong=0251 4 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_16:31!2|MId=o070160310022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5-6 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:31!3|MId=o070160310031|Strong=2050b 6 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=JDG_16:31!3|MId=o070160310032|Strong=3605 7 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.household|Ref=JDG_16:31!4|MId=o070160310041|Strong=1004 8-9 אָבִיהוּ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אָבִי אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.father|Ref=JDG_16:31!5|MId=o070160310051|Strong=0001 9 הוּ֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_16:31!5|MId=o070160310052|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 10-11 וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:31!6|MId=o070160310061|Strong=2050b 11 יִּשְׂא֣וּ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.carried|Ref=JDG_16:31!6|MId=o070160310062|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:070160310021;070160310041;A1:070160310072;|Type=wayyiqtol 12-13 אֹתוֹ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_16:31!7|MId=o070160310071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13 וֹ֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_16:31!7|MId=o070160310072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 וַֽיַּעֲל֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:31!8|MId=o070160310081|Strong=2050b 15 יַּעֲל֣וּ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.brought.[him].up|Ref=JDG_16:31!8|MId=o070160310082|Strong=5927|Frame=AA:070160310021;070160310041;A0:070160300021;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 15 punct _ Ref=JDG_16:31!8 17-18 וַיִּקְבְּר֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:31!9|MId=o070160310091|Strong=2050b 18 יִּקְבְּר֣וּ קָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.buried|Ref=JDG_16:31!9|MId=o070160310092|Strong=6912|Frame=A0:070160310021;070160310041;A1:070160310102;|Type=wayyiqtol 19-20 אוֹת֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אוֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=|Ref=JDG_16:31!10|MId=o070160310101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 20 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=JDG_16:31!10|MId=o070160310102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 21 בֵּ֤ין בֵּין ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=JDG_16:31!11|MId=o070160310111|Strong=0996 22 צָרְעָה֙ צׇרְעָה PROPN _ _ 18 obl _ Gloss=Zorah|Ref=JDG_16:31!12|MId=o070160310121|Strong=6881 23-24 וּבֵ֣ין _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:31!13|MId=o070160310131|Strong=2050b 24 בֵ֣ין בֵּין ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=JDG_16:31!13|MId=o070160310132|Strong=0996 25 אֶשְׁתָּאֹ֔ל אֶשְׁתָּאֹל PROPN _ _ 22 conj _ Gloss=Eshtaol|Ref=JDG_16:31!14|MId=o070160310141|Strong=0847 26-27 בְּקֶ֖בֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=JDG_16:31!15|MId=o070160310151|Strong=0871a 27 קֶ֖בֶר קֶבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.tomb|Ref=JDG_16:31!15|MId=o070160310152|Strong=6913 28 מָנ֣וֹחַ מָנוֹחַ PROPN _ _ 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Manoah|Ref=JDG_16:31!16|MId=o070160310161|Strong=4495 29-30 אָבִ֑יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אָבִ֑י אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 appos _ Gloss=father|Ref=JDG_16:31!17|MId=o070160310171|Strong=0001 30 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=JDG_16:31!17|MId=o070160310172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31-32 וְה֛וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=JDG_16:31!18|MId=o070160310181|Strong=2050b 32 ה֛וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=JDG_16:31!18|MId=o070160310182|Strong=1931|Type=personal 33 שָׁפַ֥ט שָׁפַט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.had.judged|Ref=JDG_16:31!19|MId=o070160310191|Strong=8199|Frame=A0:070160310182;A1:070160310211;|Type=qatal 34 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=JDG_16:31!20|MId=o070160310201|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 35 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 33 obj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=JDG_16:31!21|MId=o070160310211|Strong=3478 36 עֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֶשְׂרִים NUM _ Number=Plur 37 nummod _ Gloss=twenty|Ref=JDG_16:31!22|MId=o070160310221|Strong=6242|Type=cardinal_number 37 שָׁנָֽה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=JDG_16:31!23|MId=o070160310231|Strong=8141|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=JDG_16:31!23|SpaceAfter=No 39 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=JDG_16:31!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּרְדוּ *they went down* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֶחָי *brothers* + בֵּית *the household* | | | | | יִּשְׂאוּ *they carried* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֶחָי *brothers* + בֵּית *the household* | וֹ *him* | | | | יַּעֲלוּ *they brought \[him\] up* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | אֶחָי *brothers* + בֵּית *the household* | | יִּקְבְּרוּ *they buried* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֶחָי *brothers* + בֵּית *the household* | וֹ *him* | | | | שָׁפַט *he had judged* | qatal · qal | הוּא *he* | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּנְחָתוּ אֲחוֹהִי וְכָל בֵּית אֲבוּהִי וּנְטָלוּ יָתֵיהּ וּסְלִיקוּ וּקְבָרוּ יָתֵיהּ בֵּין צָרְעָה וּבֵין אֶשְׁתָּאֹל בְּקִבְרָא דְמָנוֹחַ אֲבוּהִי וְהוּא דָן יַת יִשְׂרָאֵל עַסְרִין שְׁנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then his brethren and all the house of his father came down, and took him, and brought him up, and buried him between Zorah and Eshtaol in the burying-place of Manoah his father.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.502/) 2. [And he judged Israel twenty years.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JDG.503/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:JDG:470`. - ← previous: [Judges 16:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.16.30/) - next →: [Judges 17:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG.17.1/) - ↑ back to [Judges 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JDG/16/)